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Old Norse Men's Names
This webpage is, and will probably always be, under development. As my knowledge of Norse naming grows, I will keep revising and updating this page. At this point, I'm aware that the page is really too large, and I'm working out better methods of presentation.
Some of my sources listed names that were either hypothetical forms re-constructed based on place-name and later personal name evidence, or else doubtful interpretations from runic evidence. These have been included, but are shown with the headword in a greyed-out text, for example, Ákimann.
In the list below, I have abbreviated certain source references as follows:
- CV = Cleasby, Richard and Guðbrandr Vigfusson. An Icelandic-English Dictionary. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon. 1957.
- GB = Geirr Bassi Haraldsson. The Old Norse Name. Studia Marklandica I. Olney, MD: Markland Medieval Militia. 1977.
- FJ = Fellows-Jensen, Gillian. Scandinavian Personal Names in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire. Copenhagen. Akademisk Forlag. 1968.
- NR = Lena Peterson. Nordiskt runnamnslexikon. (Dictionary of Names
from Old Norse Runic Inscriptions). Språk- och folkminnes-institutet (Institute for
Dialectology, Onomastics and Folklore Research). Accessed 04 Nov 2014.
For full details on any source referenced, please see the Bibliography.
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Abbe, Abbi |
Short form of Abjǫrn. Found in Found in Old Danish as Abbi and in Old Swedish as Abbe. This name is a short form of Ábiǫrn. Not found in Norway or Iceland. Runic examples include the nominative form abi and the accusative form aba. Runic examples include the nominative forms abiarn, [abiarn], [abiori], abiun, [abiurn], abiur... and the accusative form abiorn. May be found in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Abbe (1142), Habb' (c. 1224, 1330) and in the place-names Habbeholme (1100's) and Albeholme (1228). |
FJ pp. 1, 342, 348 s.nn. Abbe, Á-, -bjǫrn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Abbi, Ábiǫrn |
| Abel |
Christian |
GB p. 7 s.n. Abel |
| Abjǫrn, Ábiǫrn |
The Á- first element may either derive from *ana, "all," or from *anu, "ancestor," or from Germanic *az-, "point, edge; anxiety, fear". Later forms derived from *anu may show Ó-, resulting in name pairs such as Áleifr and its parallel later form Óláfr. The second element -bjǫrn is identical with Old Icelandic bjǫrn, "bear". This name is found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish as Abiorn. The short form of this name is Abbe or Abbi. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bjǫrn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Á-, -bjǫrn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Abbi, Ábiǫrn, Á-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Ádám |
Christian |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ádám |
| ÁdiarfR |
Found in Old Swedish as Adiærf. The first element is perhaps derived from Germanic *az-, "point, edge" or "fear,anxiety." The second element, -diarfR is from the OW.Norse adjective djarfr "bold, brave, daring, courageous." Runic examples include the nominative forms aterfr, [atiarfr] and the accusative forms aterf, atiarf. |
CV p. 100 s.v. djarfr; NR s.nn. ÁdiarfR, Á-, -diarfR |
| Aðakán |
Celtic name. Found in the runic genitive form . |
NR s.nn. Aðakán |
| Aðalbert |
Names in Að- or Aðal- derive from *aþa or aðal, "noble, foremost, premier". |
GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalbert; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Að- |
| Aðalbrandr |
For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -brandr is identical with OW.Norse brandr, "sword, sword-blade." |
GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalbrandr; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Að-, -brandr; CV p. 76 s.n. brandr; NR s.n. -brandr |
| Aðalbrikt |
For the first element Aðal- see above. |
GB; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Að- |
| Aðalmærki, AðalmækiR |
For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -mærki is from OW.Norse merki "sign; banner." The second element -mækiR is from OW.Norse mækir "sword". Originally a man's by-name. The runic accusative form aþal:miki is found, but it is unclear which of the two second elementes listed here is represented. |
FJ pp. 342 s.n. Að-; NR s.nn. Aðalmærki, Aðal- |
| Aðalráðr |
For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -ráðr is identical with Old Icelandic ráð, "counsel, advice". |
GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalráðr; FJ pp. 342, 345 s.n. Að-, -raðr |
| Aðalríkr |
For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -ríkr also exists as the weakened form -rekr and derives from the OW.Norse adjective ríkr, which in turn is from Germanic *rikiaR "mighty, distinguished, rich". When occurring as the second element in a compound name, -ríkR also is understood as partly derived from the noun *rík(a)z "ruler, sovereign" an early Germanic loan-word from Celtic rix (compare with Gothic reiks and Latin rex, "king"). |
GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalrikr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.n. Að-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Aðalsteinn |
For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -steinn is identical with Old Icelandic steinn, "stone". |
GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalsteinn; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.n. Að-, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. -stæinn |
| Aðalvaldr |
For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -valdr is from Old Icelandic valdr, "ruler" may also occur as -valdi, -aldr, or -aldi. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalvaldr; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.nn. Að-, valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Aðgils, Aðísl |
For the first element Að- see above. The second element -gils is an alternate form of -gísl and is related to Longobard gísil, "arrow-shaft" OW.Norse geisl "staff", and Old Icelandic geisli, "sun-shaft, sun beam". Overall this name-element has a sense of "a shaft typical of a weapon or a part of a weapon." The name may also be linked to OW.Norse gísl "hostage". Found in Old Swedish as Adhils and in OW.Norse as Aðils. Runic examples include the nominative form aþisl and the accusative form aþisl. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
GB p. 7 s.nn. Aðgils, Aðísl; FJ pp. 342, 349 s.n. Að-, -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.n. Aðísl, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Áfastr |
Found in Sweden in the Latin form Afwastus and in the Old Swedish form Avæst. The first element is perhaps derived from Germanic *az-, "point, edge" or "fear, anxiety." The second element, -fastr is from the OW.Norse adjective fastr "firm, fast, strong." Found in the runic accusative form afast. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
CV p. 145 s.v. fastr; NR s.n. Áfastr, Á-, -fastr, Fasti |
| Afi |
Originally a nickname meaning "grandfather." Some instances found in Danish, including the variant Awi from an 11th century coin and the Latin Awo. Not recorded in West Scandinavia. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Avelunt, Auelunt, Avetorp, Auetorp. |
FJ pp. 1 s.n. Afi |
| Afvaldr |
For the second element -valdr see above. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Afvaldr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Ágautr |
Found in Old Danish as Agot. For the first element Á- see above. The second element -gautr was originally a Swedish name element, meaning "man from Gautland, Gotlander." Side forms -gotr, -gutr and weak forms -gauti, -goti, -guti also exist. The Cleasby-Vigfusson dictionary notes that the masculine name Gautr is a poetical name for Óðinn, and suggests that it may mean "father". Found in the runic accusative form akaut. |
FJ pp. 348-349 s.nn. -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.n. Ágautr, Á-, -gautr, Gautr |
| Ágeirr |
For the first element Á- see above. The second element -geirr is identical with Old Icelandic geirr, "spear". Found in the runic nominative forms [aker] and akiR. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ágeirr; FJ pp. 342, 349 s.nn. A-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. ÁgæiRR, Á-, -gæiRR |
| Aggi, Agi |
Probably short forms of some name based on Ag-, possibly from Old West Scandinavian agi, "awe, terror". May instead be derived from *AgæiRR, "weapon point + spear" Found often in Old Danish. A few instances of agi appear in West Scandinavia, but seem to always refer to Danes. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Agge (c. 1189-1260), Aggi (1202), Aghi (1202), Aki (1202). |
FJ pp. 1-2, 342 s.nn. Aggi, Agi, Ag- |
| Agmundr, Ogmundr |
Formed from *Aga-, represented in Old West Scandinavian as agi, "awe, terror" or possibly a German origin as *ag-, "point, weapon point." The second element -mundr comes either from Old West Scandinavian *-munduR, "protector" or possibly from Old Icelandic mundr meaning "gift." Found in Old Swedish as Aghmund and in OW.Norse as Ogmundr. In Norwegian found as Amundr and Ogmundr. Runic examples include the nominative forms agmunr, agmuntr, ahmuntr, ahmutr, aukmuntr and the accusative forms agmunt, akmunt, [akmunt], [in]hmuntr, ukmut. Anglo-Scandinavian variants include Agemund (c. 1086-1226), Aghemund (1142-1153), Agmund (c. 1150), Hamund (c. 1150-1160), Haghemund (c. 1155), Aghemund (c. 1160), Augmund (c. 1180-1190), Aggemund (1202). A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 2-3, 342, 350 s.nn. Agmundr, Ag-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.n. Agmundr / Ogmundr, Ag-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Agnarr |
For the first element Ag- see above. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Agnarr; FJ p. 342 s.n. Ag- |
| Agni |
This name may be found in Old Danish as Aghen. Found in Old Swedish as Agne, and in OW.Norse Agni. Derived from Germanic *az- "point" or "anxiety, fear", corresponding to OH.Germ. Agino. Found in the runic nominative form ahni. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Agni; FJ p. 342 s.n. Ag-; NR s.n. Agni |
| Águti |
For the first element Á- see above. The second element -guti seems to be the same word as the masculine name Guti, from OW.Norse goti "Gaut, Gotlander," but may also be a weak side-form of the second element -gautr, above. Runic examples include the nominative forms agotihi, akuti, ak(u)ti, akyti, ak-(t)in and the accusative forms aguta, akut-. |
FJ pp. 342, 348-349 s.nn. Á-, -gauti; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.n. Águti, Á-, -gautr, Guti, -guti |
| Agviðr |
For the first element Ag- see above. The second element -viðr is identical with Old Icelandic viðr, "tree, wood". This name is found in Old Danish as Aghwith. Runic examples include the nominative forms [ahuiþr] and ahuiþr. |
FJ pp. 342, 352 s.nn. Ag-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Agviðr, Ag-, Við-, -viðr |
| Ailmær |
Originally the Old English name Æthelmær. Runic examples include the nominative forms ailmer and almer. |
NR s.n. Ailmær |
| Áki |
This name is found in Old Danish as Aki, in Old Swedish as Ake and in OW.Norse as Áki. This name may either represent a diminuitive form with the -k second element of *anuR "forefather, ancestor," or it may be a byname with a second element from *anu-, "ancestor." This name is considered to be equivalent to the Old High German name Anihho. Frequent in Denmark, where it is also found in the Latin form Aco. Also frequent in Sweden. Not found in Norway until ca. 1300. May be present in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Achi (1142-1155), Aki (c. 1200-1248), Acche (c. 1200), Acke (c. 1160), Acca (1409), Ace (1166-1409), Hacche (c. 1168), Acki (1185), Hacke (c. 1190-1245), Ache (c. 1200-1225), Ake (1202), Akke (1202), etc. Runic examples include the nominative forms aki, oaki and the accusative form aka. |
FJ pp. 3-5 s.n. Áki; NR s.n. Áki |
| Ákimann |
"Áki's man." Hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian construction. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Ackeman, Ackemann (c. 1190-1212), Okeman (c. 1218-1219), Akkeman (c. 1218-1219). |
FJ pp. 5-6 s.nn. Ákimann |
| Álarr |
The first element Al- or Ól- is derived from Germanic *ala- or *alla- "all, whole", or it may be derived from Primitive Scandinavian *alu "defense, protection, luck", from *aþal- "noble, foremost" or even from OW.Norse alfr, "elf". The second element -arr has several possible origins. It may be from *-harjaR, "army leader, general, warrior", or from *-warjaR "one who wards, defender", or from *-gaiRaR "spear." |
GB p. 8 s.n. Álarr; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Al-, -arr; NR s.nn. Al-, -arr |
| Albóðr |
Albóðr is an Old Low German name. For the Al- see above. The second element -bóðr is from Germanic *-baud- or perhaps *-búd- (from the verb bjuda). The earlier understandings of this name are recently contradicted by new understandings of pronunciation. Found in the runic accusative form alboþ. |
FJ p. 342 s.n. Al-; NR s.nn. Albóðr, Al- |
| Albrikt |
For the Al- see above. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Albrikt; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Al-; NR s.nn. Al- |
| Aldi |
Short form for names in Ald- (see below). Found in the runic nominative form [alti]. |
NR s.nn. Aldi |
| Aldúlfr, Adúlfr |
The first element Ald- is from the Germanic adjective *alða- "old", and is related to Gothic alds, Old High German ald, alt, and Old English eald. The second element -úlfr and the side form -ólfr are from *wulfaR, "wolf". When this second element appears in the latter part of masculine names, it is always pronounced as -ólfr, and quite often spelled that way as well. Compare with the Old High German name Aldulf. A short form of names in Ald- is Aldi. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Adúlfr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. Ald-, Aldi, -ulfR |
| Aldviðr |
For the first element Ald- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms altuiþr. Also occurs as the Old Gotlandic name Aldviðr, which is documented in a medieval runic inscription G151. A short form of names in Ald- is Aldi. |
CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Aldviðr, Ald-, -viðr, Aldi |
| Áleifr, Óláfr, ÁlæifR |
The first element in this name is derived from *Anu-, "ancestor" (see Á- above). The second element -leifr or -læifR is derived from Primitive Scandinavian *-laibaR and is related to OW.Norse leif "inheritance, legacy", but as an element in personal names meaning "one who comes after, heir." Variants in -lafR derive from a Primitive Scandinavian shortening of /ai/ > /a/. This name appears in West Scandinavia, however the form Óláfr is more common in West Scandinavia. Skjoldunga saga has a legendary Danish king with a Latinized form of this name, Aleifus. Danish place-name evidence suggests that the forms Alef and Alaf were also current in Denmark, but the usual forms in East Scandinavia were Olaf and Olef. Found in the runic accusative forms [(a)l(a)ib] and a-(in)b. May be present in the Anglo-Scandinavian name Allef. |
FJ pp. 6, 342, 350 s.nn. Áleifr, Á-, -leifr; CV p. 381 s.v. leif; NR s.nn. ÁlæifR, Á-, -læifR, ÓlafR, ÓlæifR |
| Alfarr |
The first element Alf- is identical with Old Icelandic alfr, "elf, a type of subterranean being, ancestral spirit." Found in Old Danish as Alvar and in OW.Norse as Álfarr. Occurs in the runic accusative form alfar. For the second element -arr see above. |
FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Alf-, -arr; NR s.nn. Alfarr, Alf-, -arr |
| Alfarinn |
For the first element Alf- see above. The second element -arinn may either come from arinn, "hearth," or more likely from *arin-, which is related to #491;rn, "eagle". |
GB p. 7 s.n. Alfarinn; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Alf-, -arna; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr |
| Alfgautr, Algautr |
For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -gautr see above. Found in Old Danish as Algut, in Old Swedish as Algot or Algut, and in OW.Norse as Algautr. Occurs in the runic nominative forms alfkautr and alkautr. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Algautr; FJ pp. 342, 348-349 s.nn. Alf-, -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.nn. Alfgautr, Alf-, -gautr |
| Álfgeirr, Alfgeirr |
For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Occurs early in Norway, but is rare. Found in Sweden as the runic inscription alfkiR. May be present in Danish, where it may be included in Alger, which can also be a form of the Latin name Algerus. Found in OW.Norse as Álfgeirr. Runic examples include the nominative form alfkeR and the accusative form alfkiR. Anglo-Scandinavian forms may include the place-names Algerahge (1189), Algaretoft (1226), Algarlowe (1483), Alfgerriding (c. 1170) and the names Alfgare, Alfgar, Alger (1086-1298), Algar (1202). |
GB p. 8 s.n. Álfgeirr; FJ pp. 6-7, 342, 349 s.nn. Alfgeirr, Alf-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. AlfgæiRR, Alf-, -alfr, -gæiRR |
| Alfgrímr |
An Anglo-Scandinavian name. For the first element Alf- see above. The second element -grímr is identical with Old Icelandic grímr, "mask," used of a helm which hides the face. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian name Algrim and the place-name Algrimhou (c. 1200's). |
FJ pp. 7, 342, 349 s.nn. *Alfgrímr, Alf-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr, -grímR |
| Alfketill, Alfkæll |
For the first element Alf- see above. The second element -ketill, originally "kettle" but meaning also "helmet" or "chieftain with helmet." Names with the -ketill second element often have a side form using -kell. Not found in West Scandinavia. Found in Old Danish as Alfkil. Runic examples include the nominative form alfkil and the accusative form [alfkit]. Anglo-Scandinavian variants include Alfcetel (c. 1050), Alchil, Alchel, Alfkild, Alkild (1183-1186), Alkilde (1183-1186), Alfkil (1189-1214). |
FJ pp. 8, 342, 349 s.nn. Alfketill, Alf-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Alfkæll, Alf-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| AlflakR |
For the first element Alf- see above. The second element is a form of the name element -læikR, from OW.Norse leikr "play, weapon-play, battle", which is in turn from Primitive Scandinavian *laikaR, though as a personal name element it may instead represent a name derived from the OW.Norse verb leika, "to participate in play". Occasionally this second element will occur as the variant form -lakR or -lákR, which derives from a Primitive Scandinavian shortening of /ai/ > /a/. This name is found in the runic accusative form alflak. A short form of names in -leikr is Leikr. |
FJ pp. 185-186, 342 s.nn. Alf-, -leikr, Leikr; CV pp. 382-383 s.v. leika, leikr; NR s.nn. AlflakR, Alf-, -læikR/-lakR |
| Álfljótr |
For the first element Alf- see above. The second element -ljótr may come either from Old Icelandic ljótr, "ugly" or from Old Icelandic *ljótr "giving light" and related to Old English leoht. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Álfljótr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Alf-, -ljótr; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr |
| Álfr, Alfr |
From *Aþa-wulfaR, *Aþa- being related to aðal-, "noble." For the second element -ulfr see above. Found frequently in Old West Scandinavian from the earliest period onwards, and occasionally found in Danish. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Alurestan and Alvestan. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Álfr; FJ pp. 6, 342, 351 s.nn. Álfr, Að-, -ulfr; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Álfráðr |
For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -ráðr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Álfráðr; FJ pp. 342, 345 s.nn. Alf-, -ráðr; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr |
| AlfríkR |
For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. Found in Old Danish as Alfrik and in OW.Norse as Alfríkr and possibly Alrekr. Runic examples include the nominative forms alfrik, alfrikr, alfr-k. |
FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Alf-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. AlfríkR, Alf-, -ríkR |
| Álfrimr |
For the first element Alf- see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Álfrimr; FJ pp. 342 s.nn. Alf-; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr |
| Alfvaldr |
For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. A coin from Lund, Sweden has the name Alfvold, which may however represent the Old English name Ælfweald. May appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Alwoldesbi, Alwoldebi, Aldulvebi, Aldulesbi, Alduoldebi, Aluuoldebi, Alwaldtofts (1292), as well as the names Aluuold (1086), and Alfwald, Alfuuold, Alfwold (1300's). |
FJ pp. 8-9, 342, 351 s.nn. Alfvaldr, Alf-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr, -valdr |
| Alfvarðr |
Hypothetical - forms that would result in this name may also be a loan from Old English, Ælfweard. For the first element Alf- see above. The second element -varðr may also occur as -vorðr, -orðr and -urðr in positions of secondary stress and is derived from *warðuR, Old Icelandic vorðr, varðr, "guard, watchman." Probably Danish, see the Danish runic inscription Aluarþ. Not recorded in West Scandinavia. May be found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Aluuarestorp, Alwardtorp (1235), Alwariding (1200's), Alwardethuait (1200's). |
FJ pp. 9, 342, 351 s.nn. *Alfvarðr, Alf-, -varðr; CV p. 722 s.v. vorðr; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr, -varðr |
| Álfvarinn |
For the first element Alf- see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Álfvarinn; FJ pp. 342 s.nn. Alf-; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr |
| Alfvin, Olfun |
For the first element Alf- see above. The second element is from -vinr, which is identical to Old Icelandic vinr, "friend", in turn derived from *-winiz, "friend". Found in Old Danish as Alfwin and in Old Swedish Alwin. Found in the runic accusative forms alfuin and aulfun. |
FJ p. 342, 351 s.nn. Alf-, -un(n); NR s.nn. Alfvin/Olfun, Alf- |
| Algautr, Alfgautr |
For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -gautr see above. Found in Old Danish as Algut, in Old Swedish as Algot or Algut, and in OW.Norse as Algautr. Occurs in the runic nominative forms alfkautr and alkautr. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Algautr; FJ pp. 342, 348-349 s.nn. Alf-, -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.nn. Alfgautr, Alf-, -gautr |
| Algísl |
The derivation of the first element in this name is uncertain: it may derive from Alf- (see above) or from *alu (see above). For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Found in the runic nominative form alkisl. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
FJ pp. 342, 349 s.nn. Alf-, Á-, -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Algísl, Alf-, Al-, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Áli or Alli |
These two names are treated here as one, since when examining runic and place-name evidence, they cannot usually be distinguished. Áli is the diminuitive form with the -l- second element of a name from *Ana-, *Anu-, related to Old High German Analo, Anulo, Anilo and Old English Onela, or it may be the short form of ÁlæifR, ÓlafR. Alli may be a short form of names in Al- or Alf-. These names are found in Old Danish as Ali and Alli and in the Latinized form Allo, in Old Swedish as Ale or Alle, and in OW.Norse as Áli. The names cannot be told apart in the runic inscriptions: examples include the nominative forms ali, [ali], al|in|, in the genitive forms ala, [ala], alah and in the accusative forms ala, [ala], [alah]. One or the other of these names may appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Aletorp, Halebi, Alesbi, Alsebi, Aletoftegate (1200's), and the names Ale (1208), Alli (c. 1270), Ally (c. 1270), though some of these may instead derive from Old English Ala or Alla instead. |
FJ pp. 9-10 s.nn. Áli, Alli; NR s.nn. Áli or Alli |
| Alibrandr |
For the second element -brandr see above. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Alibrandr; FJ pp. 348 s.n. -brandr; CV p. 76 s.n. brandr |
| Almárr |
|
GB p. 7 s.n. Almarr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -márr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr |
| Almgautr |
The first element Alm- is from OW.Norse almr "elm-tree". For the second element -gautr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form almkautr and the accusative form [almkaut]. |
FJ pp. 348-349 s.nn. -gauti, -gautr; NR s.nn. Almgautr, Alm-, Gautr, -gautr |
| Álmgeirr, Almgeirr |
For the first element Alm- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Found as OW.Norse Álmgeirr. Occurs in the runic accusative form almkar. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Álmgeirr; FJ pp. 349 s.nn. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. AlmgæiRR, Alm-, -gæiRR |
| Almóðr |
For the first element Al- see above. The second element -móðr is identical to Old Icelandic móðr "excitement, wrath." Found in Norwegian and Icelandic as Ólmóðr. Not found in East Scandinavia. An Anglo-Scandinavian form is found in the name Almod (1086). |
FJ pp. 10, 342, 350 s.nn. Almóðr, Al-, -móðr; NR s.nn. Al-, -móðr |
| Alrekr, AlríkR |
For the first element Al- see above. For the second element -rekr see above. Found in OW.Norse as Alrekr and as Olrekr. For the Al- see above. For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms Aliriku, alrikr, alrikR, al-ikr|, Alrik-, Aslriku and the genitive form alriks. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Alrekr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Al-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. Al-; NR s.nn. AlríkR, Al-, RíkR, -ríkR |
| AlvéR, OlvéR, Olvir |
The first element Al- is derived either from *Alu- or *Ala- (see Al- above). One researcher considers that the first element in this name comes from Gothic alhs "temple" and that the original meaning thus should be "heathen priest". The derivation of the second element -véR or its side-form -vir is not certain. The name-element may derive from Germanic *-wíhaz, related to the Gothic adjective weihs, "holy," making the sense of the word "priest." Alternatively, -véR may be a formed from the Gothic verb weihan "to fight" and related to the OW.Norse noun víg, "fight, struggle," which would make the interpretation "warrior." This name is found in Old Danish as Ølvir, in Old Swedish as Alver or Ølver, and in OW.Norse as Ølvir. Runic examples include the nominative forms aluiR, [au]liR, oliR, uliR and the accusative forms alui, a(l)(u)in, (a)(l)ui. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Olvir; FJ pp. 342, 352 s.nn. Á-, -vér; NR s.nn. AlvéR/OlvéR, Al-, -véR |
| Alvini |
The second element here is from -vinr (see above). |
GB p. 7 s.n. Alvini; FJ p. 351 s.n. -un(n); NR s.nn. Alfvin/Olfun |
| Ambi |
Short form of Arnbj#491;rn, "eagle bear." Found in Norway after 1300 as both a personal name and as a by-name. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian form Hambe. |
FJ pp. 10, 342, 348 s.nn. Ambi, Arn-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn |
| Ámundi, Ámundr |
The Á- first element derives from either *Ana-, "all" or *Aga-, which is related to Old West Scandinavian agi, "awe, terror" or possibly to *ag-, "point, weapon point." For the second element -mundr or the weak side-form -mundi see above. Found in Old Danish as Amundi, Old Swedish Amunde, OW.Norse Ámundi. Runic examples include the nominative forms amuit, amuti, [amut]in, [amuti], hamunti, the accusative forms hamnta, omunta and one example for which the case is uncertain, omuta. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Amund and Amundi (1206). A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 10, 342, 350 s.nn. Amundr, Á-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Ámundi, Á-, -mundr, -mundi, Mundi |
| Án, Ánn |
Possibly from *Aðwin. For the first element Að- see above. For the second element -vini or -vinr see above. This form appears only in Old West Scandinavian. A weak side-form äni is found in a Danish runic inscription, with a few other instances in old Danish. May appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Anesacre and Onesmor (1200's). |
GB p. 8 s.nn. Án, Ánn; FJ p. 11, 342, 351 s.nn. Ánn, Að-, -un(n) |
| Andreas |
Christian, Andrew. This Christian name appeared in Sweden in the late 1100's, but it was probably only used by clerics at that point. It did not become a common name until the 1300's. In Magnúss saga blinda og Haralds gilla (part of Snorri Sturluson's Heimskringla, written about 1220 or so), this name is shown as Andrés. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Andreas; Academy of Saint Gabriel Report #1736 |
| Andríðr |
|
GB p. 7 s.n. Andríðr |
| Andsvarr, Ansvarr, Ansurr, Assurr, Ossurr, Ozurr |
Derived from Primitive Scandinavian *and-swaruR "one who gives answer, avenger" (the first element and- "to, against" + the verb svara, "answer"). Found in Old Danish as Azur, Old Swedish Ansvar, Azur, OW.Norse Ozurr. Runic examples include the nominative forms ansuar, [ansua...], asur, a[s]ur, a[su]r, [asur], atsir, atsor, atsur, ontsuar, [osuar], osur, [osur], [usur], [usurR], the genitive case forms ansuars, osuraR and the accusative case forms [asr], asur, [as]ur, [asur], ausr, onsur, osmr, osur, [usur]. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Ozurr; FJ pp. 36-37 s.nn. Atsurr; NR s.nn. An(d)svarr/Ansurr/Assurr/Ossurr |
| Andvéttr |
This word, found in runic inscriptions, may be a compound name formed from the first element and- "against/to" and the verb-stem from Primitive Scandinavian *wít-, thus " one who turns against, opponent, adversary, enemy, foe". The origins of the word are unclear. May be found in Old Swedish as Andvidh. Runic examples include the nominative forms [anituitr], antuetr, antuitr, [antuitr], [antuitR], an(u)(in)(t)r, atuitr, ontuitr, the genitive form antuita and the accusative forms anhuit, antuit, ant[ui]t, anuit, ontuit. |
NR s.nn. Andvéttr |
| Áni |
Of unclear origin. May be a diminuitive or pet name from OW.Norse Ánn or Ónn. Found in Old Danish as Ani, Old Swedish Ane, OW.Norse Áni. Runic examples include the nominative forms [a]ni, oni. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Áni; NR s.nn. Áni |
| Anki |
Short form of names beginning with either Arng- or Arnk-, both from #491;rn, "eagle." Recorded once in Sweden in 1489, possibly found in some Norwegian personal names as well. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Anche (1142), Anke (early 1200's), Anca (1165-1185), Hanke (late 1200's). |
FJ pp. 10 s.nn. Anki |
| Anundr, Anvindr, Onundr, Anundi |
The origins of this name are unclear. The first element may derive from *Anu- ("ancestor, forefather"), while Fellows-Jensen suggests that it derives from *and, the preposition "against". The derivation of the second element, -vindr or the side-form -undr is also unclear, and several possible explanations are given. It may possibly derive from Germanic *-winðuz, *uen-tu-s, from the root *uen-, "to win, prevail, triumph, be victorious." Fellows-Jensen suggests it may be "Wend, Wendish". Found in Old Danish as Anund, in Old Swedish as Anund, and in OW.Norse as Onundr. Also frequent in Skåne and Halland, and appears in Swedish runic inscriptions. Runic examples include the nominative forms anuatr, anun, anunr, |anunr, [anunR], anuntr, anu[n]tr, [anuntr], a(n)untra, anun-[r], anutr, (a)nutr, [anutR], onontr, onunr, onuntr, onutr, the genitive forms anunta, anutar, anutaR, onunt*ar, onutar and the accusative forms anunt, anut, onunt, onut. Appears in the Latinized Anglo-Scandinavian form Anandus (1160-1180). The name Anundi is a weak side-form of Anundr/Onundr, and occurs in runic inscriptions in the genitive form anunta and the accusative form anuta. |
FJ pp. 11, 342, 352 s.nn. Anundr, Á-, -vindr; NR s.nn. Anundr/Onundr, Anundi, Á-, -undr/-vindr |
| Api |
Originally a by-name meaning "fool", from OW.Norse api, "ape, foolish person". Possibly found in the Norwegian place-name Apnes. Found in Old Danish as Api. Runic examples include the nominative form abi and the accusative form aba, though these may derive instead from the name Abbi or Æbbi. A hypothetical form, *Appi, is hypothesized from a Danish place name. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian palcename Apedale (c. 1175). |
FJ pp. 11 s.nn. Api; NR s.nn. Api, Abbi, Æbbi |
| Ari |
Found in Old Danish as Ari, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Ari. From OW.Norse ari "eagle." This name may also be understood as a short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn-. Runic examples include the nominative forms ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Ari; NR s.nn. Ari |
| Arinbjǫrn, Arinbiǫrn, Arnbjǫrn, Arnbiǫrn |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. One of the most common names in Norway through the whole medieval period. Found in Old Danish as Arnbiorn, Ernbiorn and the Latinized form Arnbernus. Found in Old Swedish Anbiorn, Arnbiorn, Ærinbiorn, Ærnbiorn. Occurs in OW.Norse as Arinbiǫrn, Arnbiǫrn. Runic examples include the nominative forms ar[b]iurn, [ar]biurn, [arliurn], [irbiarn], the genitive forms (a)nbiarnar and [arinbiarnaR], and the accusative forms arbion, erbrn, eriibiun, [ernbiorn]. Found in several Anglo-Scandinavian names including Erneberne, Gerneber, Gerneberne, Hernebern (1185), Arnebertus (1166-1191), Arberni (c. 1190-1195), Arenibern (1194), Arnbern (1295). The short form of this name is Ambi. A short form used for names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 12, 342, 348 s.nn. Arnbj#491;rn, Arn-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)nbiǫrn, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Ármóðr |
For the second element -móðr see above. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Ármóðr; FJ pp. 350; NR s.n. -móðr |
| Arn |
Arn may be derived from #491;rn, "eagle" or may be a side-form of the Anglo-Scandinavian name Arni, which is a short form for names beginning in Arn-. |
FJ pp. 11-12 s.nn. Arn, Arni; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnaldr |
Names with a first element of Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn- or Ærinn- are alternate forms of the OW.Norse bird-names #491;rn, ari "eagle". Different explanations of these alternate forms are given. The name-element might also considered to be identical to OW.Norse arinn "hearth". A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnaldr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnbj#491;rn, Arnbiǫrn, Arinbiǫrn |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. One of the most common names in Norway through the whole medieval period. Found in Old Danish as Arnbiorn, Ernbiorn and the Latinized form Arnbernus. Found in Old Swedish Anbiorn, Arnbiorn, Ærinbiorn, Ærnbiorn. Occurs in OW.Norse as Arinbiǫrn, Arnbiǫrn. Runic examples include the nominative forms ar[b]iurn, [ar]biurn, [arliurn], [irbiarn], the genitive forms (a)nbiarnar and [arinbiarnaR], and the accusative forms arbion, erbrn, eriibiun, [ernbiorn]. Found in several Anglo-Scandinavian names including Erneberne, Gerneber, Gerneberne, Hernebern (1185), Arnebertus (1166-1191), Arberni (c. 1190-1195), Arenibern (1194), Arnbern (1295). The short form of this name is Ambi. A short form used for names in Arn-, Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 12, 342, 348 s.nn. Arnbj#491;rn, Arn-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)nbiǫrn, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Arnbrandr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation. For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -brandr see above. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Arbrandwyth and the names Ernebrand, Arnebrand, Arnebraunk (1251), Arnebrandus (1200's). A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
FJ pp. 12, 342 s.nn. *Arnbrandr, Arn-, -brandr, 348; CV p. 76 s.n. brandr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnfastr |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Found in Old Danish as Arnfast, in Old Swedish as Anfast, Arnfast, Arvast, Arnvast, Ærnvast and in OW.Norse as Arnfastr. Runic examples include the nominative forms arfastr, [arnfastr], [erefast], ernfast, ernfastr, ernf(a)(s)tr, [ernfastr], irinfastr, irnfastr, [irnfatr], [-rnfastr] and the accusative forms airnfast, arfast, arnfast, [erfast], [...rnfas].... A short form used for names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn-; CV p. 145 s.v. fastr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)nfastr, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -fastr, Fasti |
| Arnfiðr |
For the first element Arn- see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnfiðr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnfinnr |
For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -finnr is identical with Old Icelandic finnr, which means "Sámi, Laplander." The word is often mistranslated as "a person from Finland, a Finn". A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnfinnr; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Arn-, -finnr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arngeirr |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Borne by one of the Landnámsmenn (original Icelandic settlers) and found frequently in Iceland. Found in Old Danish as Arnger and the Latinized form Arngerus, in Old Swedish as Anger, Arnger, Æringer, Ærnger and in OW.Norse as Arngeirr. Runic examples include the nominative forms ark(a)..., arkir, arnkeR U720, erinker, irnkaiR and the genitive form arnk=airs. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Arnenger and Arngar (1185). The short form of names in Arng- and Arnk- is Anki, or the short form of names in Arn-, Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
FJ pp. 13, 342, 349 s.nn. Arngeirr, Arn-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)ngæiRR, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -gæiRR |
| Arngrímr |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. Found frequently in Iceland, and it must have been fairly common in Norway as well. Occasional instances found in East Scandinavia are the names of moneyers, who may have come from the Danelaw. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Argrim, Arengrimus (c. 1224), Arnegrim (c. 1180), Arngrim (c. 1200-1240), Argrim (1230-1240), Arengrim (1219-1250), Arnegrun (1298), Argrym (1298). The short form of names in Arng- and Arnk- is Anki, or the short form of names in Arn-, Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
FJ pp. 13-14, 342, 349 s.nn. Arngrímr, Arn-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -grímR |
| Arnhaldr |
For the first element Arn- see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnhaldr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn-; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnhallr |
For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -hallr is identical to Old Icelandic hallr, "flat stone". A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnhallr; FJ pp. 342, 344 s.nn. Arn-, -hallr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnhvatr |
For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -hvatr and its weak side form hvati are related to the OW.Norse adjective hvatr "quick, bold, brave, daring, manly." Runic examples include the nominative forms anuatr, a(r)uatr. A short form used for names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn-; CV pp. 297 s.v. hvatr; NR s.nn. Arn-/Ærnhvatr, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, Hvatr, -hvatr |
| Árni |
See Arn above. A short form of masculine names in Arn-, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-. Found in Old Danish as Arni, in Old Swedish as Arne, and in OW.Norse as Árni. Runic examples include the nominative form arni, the genitive form arna, the dative form arno and the accusative form arna. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Árni; FJ pp. 11-12, 342 s.nn. Arn, Arni, Arn-; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnniútr |
For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -niútr is from the OW.Norse verb njóta, "have to use and enjoy", thus "one who has or enjoys." Occurs in the runic nominative form orniutr. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn-; CV p. 456 s.v. njóta; NR s.nn. Arnniútr, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -niútr |
| Arnketill, Arnkell |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. Appears in one early instance in Iceland and a few later cases in Norway. Found in Old Danish as Arnketil, in Old Swedish as Ærnkil and in OW.Norse as Arnkell. Runic examples include the nominative forms arkil, arn-il and the accusative forms [arnki...], rkil. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include the place-names Arkelcroft (1163), Archelcroft (1100's), Harchelcroft (1100's), Arkelhowe (c. 1220), Arkelrighes, Arketelesneuland (1360), Arthelrow (1611), Arkelmire (1100's), Arkillesgarth (1199), Arkelbek (1226), etc. and the names Archil (1086), Arketil (late 1100's), Arkel (c. 1225), Arketel (1256), Arkil (1185-1243), Arkyl (1227-1243) etc. The short form of names in Arng- and Arnk- is Anki, or the short form of names in Arn-, Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnkell; FJ pp. 14-16, 342, 349 s.nn. Arnketill, Arn-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Arn-/Ærnkæ(ti)ll, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Arnketilbarn |
"Young Arnketill." A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation from Arnketill, see above. The second element -barn means "child, young man." Assumed to be the root of the Anglo-Scandinavian name Archilbar. The short form of names in Arng- and Arnk- is Anki, or the short form of names in Arn-, Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
FJ pp. 14-16, 342, 349 s.nn. *Arnketilbarn, Arn-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnlaugr |
For the first element Arn- see above. The second elementes -laugr, -laug, logr, -lugr are of uncertain origin. May possibly be related to Old Icelandic laug and Latin lavare, in an ancient sense of "bathing for religious purification". Nordisk runnamnslexikon suggests that this name element is derived from Germanic *-laug- and that it is identical to the Gothic verb liugan "give holy vows, enter into marriage," and that therefore the name-element may then originally have the meaning, "one who is promised or dedicated (to)." One settler in Greenland bore this name, but not found elsewhere in West Scandinavia. A few instances of the form Arløgh are found in Denmark. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnlaugr; FJ pp. 16, 342, 350 s.nn. Arnlaugr, Arn-, -laugr; CV pp. 374 s.v. laug def. IV; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -laugR |
| Arnljótr |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -ljótr see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnljótr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Arn-, -ljótr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnmóðr |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -móðr see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnmóðr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Arn-, -móðr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -móðr |
| Arnmundr |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -mundr or the weak side-form -mundi see above. Found in Old Swedish as Armund, Arnmund, Ærmund, Ærnmund. Runic examples include the nominative forms [arfuntr], arinmu(n), ar(m)untr, armutR, erinmontr, ermuntr, (in)rin[m]utr, iri-muntr, [irmuntr], [ir-mut...] and the accusative forms erinmunt, ermutr, ermu-, irinmunt, [irmunt], [irm...], irnmunt. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Arn-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)nmundr, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Arnoddr |
For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -oddr is identical with Old Icelandic oddr, "point, weapon-point, spear-point, arrow-point." Borne by one of the Landnámamenn in Iceland and popular there afterwards, found once in Old Danish but not in Norway. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnoddr; FJ pp. 16-17, 342, 350 s.nn. Arnoddr, Arn-, -oddr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, Uddi |
| Arnórr, Arnþórr, Arndórr |
For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -þórr, found also as -dórr, is the god's name, Þórr. Early West Scandinavian forms use Arnþórr or Arndórr, but later forms are always Anðor or Andor. Andor is the only form found in Danish or Swedish. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include the place-name Amthorhegge (1189) and the names Artor (1086), Arþor (c. 1050). A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.nn. Arnórr, Arnþórr; FJ pp. 17, 342, 347, 351 s.nn. Arnþórr, Arn-, -þórr, Þór-; CV p. 743 s.v. Þórr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnríðr |
For the first element Arn- see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnríðr; FJ p. 342 s.n. Arn-; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnrøðr |
For the first element Arn- see above. The second element is from -frøðr, derived from *friðuR, "love, peace". Appears occasionally in Norway after 1341, usually with the spelling Androder. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
FJ pp. 17, 342, 348 s.nn. Arnrøðr, Arn-, -røðr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnsteinn |
Found in Old Danish as Arnsten, Old Swedish A(r)nsten, OW.Norse Arnsteinn. For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms arn×[stin], ersten and the accusative form ars(t)[in]. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnsteinn; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.nn. Arn-, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Arn-/Ærnstæinn, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -stæinn |
| Arnulfr, Ornulfr |
Found in Old Danish as Arnulf, Old Swedish Arnulf, Arnolf, Ær(in)nolf, OW.Norse Ornólfr. For the first element Arn- or Orn- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Frequently found from early on in Old West Scandinavian, mainly in the Ornulfr form. Runic examples include the nominative form arulfr and the accusative form anulf. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include the place-names Ernulfestorp, Einulvestorp, Hernoldesthorp (1147) and the names Ernulfus (1409), Arnulfi (c. 1190), Arnolf' (1202), Arnolfo (1182-c. 1210). A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
FJ pp. 17-18, 342, 351 s.nn. Arnulfr, Arn-, -ulfr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -ulfR |
| Arnviðr |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnviðr; FJ pp. 342, 352 s.nn. Arn-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- Við-, -viðr |
| Arnþjófr |
For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -þjófr is either identical to Old Icelandic þjófr, "thief," or is derived from Primitive Scandinavian *-þewaR, "servant". A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Arnþjófr; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.nn. Arn-, -þjófr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arta |
Possibly also found as the Old Swedish man's by-name Arte (?). From the OW.Norse bird-name arta, the Garganey (Linn. Anas querquedula), a type of duck. Runic examples include the nominative forms [arta]. |
NR s.n. Arta |
| Aron |
Christian, form of Aaron |
GB p. 7 s.n. Aron |
| Ásbj#491;rn |
Found in Old Danish as Esbiorn, Old Swedish Asbiorn, Æsbiorn, OW.Norse Ásbiǫrn. The first element Ás- or Ós- is from *ansu and related to Old Icelandic áss or óss, "a god." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. This name was popular in Norway from the mid 9th century onward. The Æsbj#491;rn form was common in Danish with a few instances in Norway, probably as loans from East Scandinavian. Danish runic inscriptions have usbiaur, cf. the Normandy form, Osbern. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Esbern, Osbern, Sbern, Sberne, Hosber, Hoseber, Hosbern, Asbearn, Asbeorn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásbj#491;rn; FJ pp. 18-19, 342, 348 s.nn. Ásbj#491;rn, Esbj#491;rn, Ás-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Ásbiǫrn/Æsbiǫrn, Ás-/Æs-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Ásbrandr |
For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -brandr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásbrandr; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Ás-, -brandr; CV p. 76 s.n. brandr; NR s.n. Ás-/Æs- |
| ÁsdiarfR |
Also occurs in Old Swedish as Asdiærf. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form astiarfr. |
FJ p. 342 s.n. Ás-; CV p. 100 s.v. djarfr; NR s.n. ÁsdiarfR, Ás-/Æs-, -diarfR |
| Ásfarð |
English form of Norse Ásfriðr. Found in the runic nominative form asfarþ. |
FJ p. 342 s.n. Ás-; NR s.n. Ásfarð, Ás-/Æs-, fríðr |
| Ásfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Asfast. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form asfast. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ pp. 342, 343 s.nn. Ás-, Fast-; CV p. 145 s.v. fastr; NR s.n. Ásfastr, Ás-/Æs-, -fastr, Fasti |
| Ásfrøðr, Ásfriðr, Ásfríðr, Asroðr |
For the first element Ás- see above. The second element may be -friðr or -frøðr from *friðuR, "love, peace" or -fríðr from *friðioR, related to the OW.Norse adjective fríðr "beautiful" (in the original sense of "beloved," consider the pret. part. of the OW.Norse verb frjá "to love") and the Gotlandic frijion, "to love" with an original meaning of "beloved" and later meaning "fair." Rare in Scandinavia. Danish forms include Osfrid, Asferth, Asferd and a runic form, asfarþ, all of which may have entered Danish from Anglo-Scandinavian names influenced by the Anglo-Saxon forms Osferð, Osfrið. One of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn carried a form of this name, Asroðr. A runic inscription from the Isle of Man has äsruþr. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Ansfrid, Anfrido, Anfredi, Anfridus, Asferth, also Ashfor, Alford, Hasford, Esford, Asford, Asfort, Asforth. |
FJ pp. 19-20, 342, 348 s.nn. Ásfriðr, Ásfrøðr, Ás-, -friðr, -frøðr; NR s.n. Ás-/Æs-, -fríðr, Ásfarð |
| Ásgautr |
Found in Old Danish as Asgut, in Old Swedish as Asgot or Asgut, and in OW.Norse as Ásgautr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -gautr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms asgautr, askutr, [askutr], [askytr], (a)s[nu]tr, [(in)sk(u)tr], oaskut:ar, osgutr, [(o)sgutr], oskautr, oskautrR, oskutr, [oskutr], the genitive form oskaus, and the accusative forms askaut, askut, oskut.
| GB p. 8 s.n. Ásgautr; FJ pp. 20-22, 342, 348-349 s.nn. Ásgautr, Ás-, -gauti, -gautr; NR s.nn. Ásgautr, Ás-/Æs-, Gautr, -gautr |
| Ásgeirr |
Found in Old Danish as Asger or Esger, in Old Swedish as Asger and Æsger, and in OW.Norse as Ásgeirr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Commonly found in Norway ca. 800's, less frequent later. Runic examples include the nominative forms [a]skaiR, askeiR, askiR, oskaiR, [oskaiR], oskir, the genitive case forms askis, [in]sgis, oskis, and the accusative forms [asaaiR], [askair], [askir], askiR, eskiR, iskir, osgiR, oski. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Asger, Asgar, Ansgerus, Asgeri, Angeri, Angero, Esgari, Ansgero, Ansgaro, Anger. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásgeirr; FJ pp. 22-24, 342, 349 s.nn. Ásgeirr, Esger, Ás-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. ÁsgæiRR/ÆsgæiRR, Ás-/Æs-, -gæiRR |
| Ásgísl |
For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form [hskis]. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
FJ pp. 342, 349 s.nn. Ás-, -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Ásgísl, Ás-/Æs-, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Ásgrímr |
For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásgrímr; FJ pp. 342, 349 s.n. Ás-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. Ás-/Æs-, -grímR |
| Ási |
Short form of names beginning in Ás-. Found in Old Danish as Asi, Esi, Ose, in Old Swedish as Ase or Asi, and in OW.Norse as Ási. Rare in West Scandinavia, however the father of one of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn had this name. Runic examples include the nominative form asi and the accusative form asa. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Ase, Ese, Æse, Asi. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ási; FJ pp. 24 s.nn. Ási, Esi; NR s.n. Ási/Æsi, Ás-/Æs- |
| Áskell, Ásketill |
For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. The masculine name Áskell, Ásketill is found in Old Danish as Askil or Eskil, in Old Swedish as Askel and Æskil, and in Old West Norse as Áskell. Runic examples of this name include the nominative forms: askel, askil, ask(in)l, askl, eski, eskil, iskil, oskihl; and the accusative forms: eskil, isikl, [iskii], iskil, oskil, oskl, Rskil. Danish runic inscriptions have forms askil, askl, iskil, eskil, æshkil, äskl. Other Danish sources have Eskil, Æskil, and the Latinized forms Eskillus, Eschillus, Esquillus. Found frequently in Swedish as Æskil. This name was also one of the most common Scandinavian names in Normandy, as Achitil, Anchitil, Aschitil, Anschitil, Achetil, Anchetil, Aschetil, Anschetil and Latin versions of all of these ending in -us. Because of the popularity of the Norman name forms, variants are frequently found in post-Conquest British sources, however Anglo-Scandinavian forms predating the Conquest also appear: Asketel, Askytel, Aschil, Aschil and others. |
GB p. 8 s.nn. Áskell, Ásketill; FJ pp. 25-32, 342, 349 s.n. Ásketill, Eskil, Ás-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Áskæll/Æskæll, Ás-/Æs-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Askr |
|
GB p. 7 s.n. Askr |
| Ásl, Osl |
Found in Old Danish as Asl or Asel. The first element in this name comes from Primitive Scandinavian *Ana- or *Anu- (see Á- above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Runic examples include the nominative form ays- and the accusative forms asl, osl, usl. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Ásl/Osl, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Áslákr, Ásleikr |
Found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish as Aslak, and in OW.Norse as Áslákr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -lakr or -leikr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms aslak, aslakR, oslaks, [uslakr] and the accusative form oslak. A short form of names in -leikr is Leikr. |
GB p. 8 s.nn. Áslákr, Ásleikr; FJ pp. 33-34, 185-186. 342, 350 s.nn. Áslákr, Ásleikr, Ás-, -lákr, -leikr, Leikr; CV pp. 382-383 s.v. leika, leikr; NR s.nn. ÁslakR, ÁslæikR, Ás-/Æs-, -læikR/-lakR |
| Ásleifr |
For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. Found in Old Danish as Aslef and in OW.Norse as Ásleifr. Found in the runic accusative case form oslf. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásleifr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Ás-, -leifr; CV p. 381 s.v. leif; NR s.n. ÁslæifR, Ás-/Æs-, -læifR/-lafR |
| Ásli |
In Norway appears as a side form of Atli. Found as Danish, Swedish and Anglo-Scandinavian names as a short form of a name in Ásl-. For the first element Ás- see above. |
FJ pp. 34, 342 s.nn. Ásli, Ás- |
| Ásmarr |
Found in OW.Norse as Ásmarr. For the first element Ás- see above. The second element -marr comes from the OW.Norse adjective mærr, "famous, glorious, great", derived in turn from the proto-Scandinavian máriR "to distinguish, to praise, to commend". Runic examples include the nominative form [nsmar] and the accusative form osmr. |
FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Ás-, -márr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr; NR s.n. Ásmarr, Ás-/Æs-, -mærr |
| Ásmóðr |
Found in Old Danish as Asmoth and in OW.Norse as Ásmóðr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -móðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form asmuþ. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásmóðr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.n. Ás-, -móðr; NR s.n. Ás-/Æs- |
| Ásmundr |
Found in Old Danish as Asmund, Osmund, in Old Swedish as Asmund, and in OW.Norse as Ásmundr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Found frequently in Iceland and Norway from the 900's on, and the form Osmundr appears after 1290. Runic examples include the nominative forms [aosmuntr], asmuhtr, asmund, asmunr, asmuntr, asmutr, [osmunr], osmunrt, [osmunrt], osmuntr, ousmuntR, and the accusative forms asmut, osmunt, osmut, osm=ut. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Osmund, Asmund. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásmundr; FJ pp. 34-35, 342, 350 s.n. Ásmundr, Ás-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Ásmundr, Ás-/Æs-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Ásniútr |
For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -niútr see above. Found in the runic nominative form (a)s[nu]tr. |
FJ p. 342 s.n. Ás-; CV p. 456 s.v. njóta; NR s.n. Ásniútr, Ás-/Æs-, -niútr |
| Ásólfr, Ásúlfr |
Found in Old Danish as Asulf, in Old Swedish as Asulf, Asolf, and in OW.Norse as Ásúlfr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. There are a few early instances of this name in Iceland and many late ones in Norway. A Danish runic inscription, äslf may represent either Ásulfr or Ásleifr. Runic examples include the nominative forms aosu[l]f(R), osuhlfr, the genitive form osulfs and the accusative forms asulf, oslf, osulb. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Osolf, Osulf, Osulfus. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásólfr; FJ pp. 35, 342, 351 s.n. Ásulfr, Ás-, -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. Ás-/Æs-, -ulfR |
| Ásráðr, Ástráðr |
The first element Ást- here is a form of Old Icelandic áss, "god, one of the Æsir". In proper names, the first element becomes Ást- before the liquid r. See also the first element Ás- see above. |
FJ pp. 342 s.n. Ás-; CV pp. 46 s.v. áss; NR s.n. Ás-/Æs- |
| Ásríðr, Ásrøðr |
Found in Old Danish as Asfrith and in OW.Norse as Ásrøðr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -(f)reðr/(f)røðr see above. Found in the runic nominative forms istryr and o(s)(r)(u)(þ)(r). |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásrøðr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Ás-; NR s.n. Ásrøðr/Æstrøðr, Ás-/Æs-, -(f)reðr/(f)røðr |
| Assar |
|
GB p. 7 s.n. Assar |
| Ásti |
Short form of Ástráðr. Found in Old Danish as Asti, in Old Swedish as Aste or Oste, and in OW.Norse as Ásti. Short form of Ástráðr. Runic examples include the nominative form osti and the accusative form osta. |
NR s.n. Ásti |
| Ástráðr |
Found in Old Danish as Astrath, Old Swedish Astradh. The derivation of the first element Ást- is under debate, though it may come from OW.Norse ást "love, affection". For the second element -ráðr see above. A short form of Ástráðr is Ásti. Runic examples include the nominative forms osraþr and ostarþr, as well as the accusative form astraþ. |
NR s.n. Ástráðr, |
| Ásvaldr, Ásvaldi |
For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. Ásvaldr is found in Old Swedish Asvald, Asvalde and in OW.Norse Ásvaldr. Ásvaldi may occur in Old Danish as Aswaldi, and may also be present in Old Swedish as Asvald or Asvalde. Ásvaldr is found in the runic accusative form asualt. Runic examples of Ásvaldi include the nominative forms asualdi and ausualti. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásvaldr; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.nn. Ás-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. Ásvaldi, Ás-/Æs-, -valdr, -valdi |
| Ásvarðr |
Found in OW.Norse as Ásvarðr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. There is very little documentation for this name in Old Norse, aside from an Ásvarðr in Njáls saga and a possible runic accusative form, osua-..... Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Asward, Asuuard, Asewrd. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ásvarðr; FJ pp. 35-36, 342, 351 s.nn. Ásvarðr, Ás-, -varðr; CV p. 722 s.v. vorðr; NR s.n. Ásvarðr, Ás-/Æs-, -varðr |
| Ásviðr |
May perhaps occur in Old Danish as Aswith, found in Old Swedish as Asvidh or Æsvidh, and in OW.Norse as Ásviðr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the genitive form osuiþaR and the accusative form osuiþ. |
FJ pp. 36, 342, 351 s.nn. Ásviðr, Ás-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.n. Ásviðr, Ás-/Æs-, viðr |
| Atfari |
A compound name from the preposition at and -fari. OW.Norse -fari is found in compound names, and is typical of people who traveled or were in the habit of traveling to a specific place as indicated in their name; these names are derived from the OW.Norse verb fara "to go, to travel". Occurs in the runic nominative form afari. |
CV pp. 28-29, 141-143, s.v. at, at-for, fara; NR s.n. Atfari, -fari |
| Atli |
Found in Old Danish as Atli, in Old Swedish as Atle, and in OW.Norse as Atli. Identical to the Continental Germanic name Attala or Attila, also found as a diminuitive form from Gothic atta "father", adopted early into Scandinavia from Volsungasaga. In the West Norse area the name may represent a weak form of the OW.Norse adjective atall "wicked, evil, harmful". Runic examples include the nominative form atli and the accusative forms atla, [atln]. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Atli; NR s.n. Atli |
| Atsurr, Ozurr, Azurr |
Originally a by-name for *AntswaruR, "he who answers," which may have the sense of "answering an insult, avenger". The name is common in Norway in the form Ozurr and two of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn carried the name as well. The name has been found in Swedish. Danish runic inscriptions with this name include äsur, asur, atsor, atsur, atsir and Latinized forms Acerus, Ascerus, Ascer. Norman forms include Aszor, Adsor, Azor. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Azor, Azer, Ascer, Aschéri, Asceri, Aschur. |
GB pp. 8, 17 s.n. Azurr, Ozurr; FJ pp. 36-37 s.n. Atsurr |
| Atti |
Found in Old Danish as Atti, in Old Swedish as Atte, and in OW.Norse Atti is the name of a fictional character. Atti is a short form of Indo-European-derived names such as Azurr (see also Andsvarr). It has also been suggested that this name may derive from Gothic atta "father". Runic examples include the nominative forms ati. |
NR s.n. Atti |
| Aubi |
A short form of Auðbj#491;rn. A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian short form of Auðbj#491;rn, derived from the Anglo-Scandinavian name Aubo or Oube. See Auðbj#491;rn below. |
FJ pp. 37 s.n. *Aubi |
| Auðbj#491;rn |
Found in Old Danish as Øthbiorn, in Old Swedish as Ødhbiorn, and as OW.Norse Auðbj#491;rn. The first element Auð- is occasionally written Od- and is identical to OW.Norse auðr " wealth, riches, abundance; happiness, luck". For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms aubiarn, auþbiarn, auþbiorn, [a]uþbi[u]rn, ouþbern, ouþbian, uþbirn, the genitive forms aubiarnaR and auþbiarnar, and the accusative forms auþbiarn and ooþbiarn. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Auðbj#491;rn; FJ pp. 37, 38, 39, 342, 348 s.n. Auði, Auðbj#491;rn, Auð-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Auðbi#491;rn, Auð-, -bi#491;rn, Auði, Biarni |
| Auðfinnr |
For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -finnr see above. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
GB p. 7 s.n. Auðfinnr; FJ pp. 39, 342, 348 s.n. Auði, Auð-, -finnr |
| Auðgeirr |
Found in Old Danish as Øthger, in Old Swedish as Ødhger, and in OW.Norse as Auðgeirr. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Found in Norway after 1322 as Odgeir. Runic examples include the nominative forms [auþker] and auþkiR, as well as the accusative forms auþkair and auþkiR. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 38, 39, 342, 349 s.n. Auðgeirr, Auð-, -geirr, Auði; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. AuðgæiRR, Auð-, -gæiRR, Auði |
| Auðgísl |
Found in Old Swedish as Ødhgisl and in OW.Norse as Auðgísl. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Found in a runic incription for which the case is uncertain as ...uþils. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Auðgísl; FJ pp. 39, 342, 349 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Auð(g)ísl, Auði, Auð-, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Auðgrímr |
Found in Old Swedish as Ødhgrim and in OW.Norse as Auðgrímr. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. This name is occasionally found in Norway after 1224. The Danish form Øgrim appears in the 1100's but was rare. Found in the runic nominative form uþakrimR. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Outgrim, Ougrim, Augrim. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 38, 39, 342, 349 s.nn. Auðgrímr, Auði, Auð-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. AuðgrímR, Auð-, gríma; NR s.nn. Auði, -grímR |
| Auðhvatr, Auðvatr |
Found in Old Swedish as Odowater in one example from Gotland. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -hvatr or its weak side-form -hvati see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [aþuatr] and auþuatr. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 39, 342, 349 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -hvatr; CV pp. 297 s.v. hvatr; NR s.n. Auð(h)vatr, Auð-, Auði |
| Auði |
This name is found in Old Danish as Øthi, in Old Swedish as Ødhe, and in OW.Norse as Auði. It is a short form of names beginning in Auð-. For the first element Auð- see above. Found frequently in Norway after 1300. Runic examples include the nominative forms auþi, (a)u(þ)(in) and the accusative forms auþa, auþ(a), uþa. |
GB p. 7 s.n. Auði; FJ pp. 39, 342 s.nn. Auði, Auð-; NR s.n. Auði, Auð- |
| Auðin, Auðun |
This name is found in Old Danish as Othin or Øthin, in Old Swedish as Ødhin, and in OW.Norse as Auðun. For the first element Auð- see above. The second element is from Germanic *-winiz "friend" (see -vinr above). Runic examples include the nominative forms auþin, a[uþin], [uþun] and the accusative form ...uþin. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 39, 342, 351 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -un(n); NR s.nn. Auðin/Auðun, Auð-, Auði |
| Auðketill |
For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -ketill see above. This name is not found in Norway before the 1500's. Found in Old Danish as Øthkil and in OW.Norse as Auðkell. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Okal, Okel, Auðcetel, Audkillo, Antkil. Runic examples include the nominative form auþkil and the accusative forms aukil, eykil, uþkitil. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 39-40, 342, 349 s.nn. Auðketill, Auði, Auð-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. Auðkæ(ti)ll, Auð-, Auði, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Auðmaðr, Auðmann |
Originally a by-name, "wealthy man." For the first element Auð- see above. Auðmaðr is found in Iceland in the 1200's. Auðmann appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian form Othman c. 1140-1156. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 39, 40, 342 s.n. Auðmann, Auð-, Auði; NR s.nn. Auð-, Auði |
| Auðmundr |
Found in Old Swedish as Ødhmund and in OW.Norse as Auðmundr. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -mundr or the weak side-form -mundi see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms auþmuntr, oþmontr, [o](þ)munt and the accusative form ouþmunt. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 39, 342, 350 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Auðmundr, Auði, Auð-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Auðólfr, Auðúlfr |
Found in Old Danish as Øthulf, in Old Swedish as Ødholf, and in OW.Norse as Auðúlfr. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -ulfr see above. One of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn was Auðólfr á Auðólfsstoðum. The name is common in Norway and is found in Swedish runic inscriptions. There may be a few instances in Danish as well. Runic examples include the nominative forms auþulfr, au(þ)ulfr, uþulfr. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Othol, Authel, Authul, Odulf, Odulfi, Oudulf, Audulf, Hodulfi, Hautolf, Autolf, Audulfus, Oudulfus. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
GB p. 8 s.n. Auðólfr; FJ pp. 39-41, 342, 351 s.nn. Auðulfr, Auði, Auð-, -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. AuðulfR, Auði, Auð-, -ulfR |
| Auðr |
See above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Auðr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Auð-; NR s.n. Auð- |
| AuðríkR, AuríkR |
Found in the Latinized Old Swedish forms Øricus, Orikus. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -ríkr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [aRrukr], aurik, aurikr, au(r)(in)(k)r, the dative form auriki and the accusative form urik. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 39, 342, 350 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. AuðríkR, Auði, Auð-, -ríkR |
| Auðsteinn |
Found in Old Danish as the Latinized form Odstanus and as Old Swedish Ødhsten. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Found in the runic nominative form auþsta.... A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 39, 342, 351 s.n. Auði, Auð-, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Auðstæinn, Auði, Auð-, -stæinn |
| Auðunn, Auðvini |
See above. The second element comes from -vinr. For the second element -vini or -vinr see above. This name is common as a West Scandinavian name from the earliest period onwards, and the short forms Aun and Auni were used. There are a few instances in Danish and Swedish as well, with Danish records showing a short form Øn. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Oun, Oudon, Houden, Oune, Oudhen, Oden, Ouþein, Othen, Ohen, Outhen. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
GB p. 8 s.n. Auðunn; FJ pp. 39, 41-42, 342, 351 s.nn. Auðunn, Auði, Auð-, -un(n); CV pp. 655 s.v. unnr; NR s.nn. Auð-, Auði |
| Auðvaldr |
Occurs in Old Swedish as Ødhvald. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. Found in the runic nominative form auþualtr. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 39, 342, 351 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Auðvaldr, Auði, Auð-, -valdr |
| Auðviðr |
Occurs in Old Swedish as Ødhvidh. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Found in the runic nominative form oþuiþr. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian form Auduid. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 39, 42, 342, 352 s.nn. *Auðviðr, Auði, Auð-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Auðviðr, Auði, Auð-, Við-, -viðr |
| Auðvindr |
For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -vindr see above. This form is hypothesized from the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Auundeleia, Auuindeley, Aghenlay. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . |
FJ pp. 39, 42, 342, 352 s.n. *Auðvindr, Auði, Auð-, -vindr |
| Augnarr |
Of uncertain etymology. Found in the runic nominative form aunhar|. |
NR s.n. Augnarr |
| Auki |
A short form of Auðketill. The Old Norse form here is hypothesized from the Anglo-Scandinavian forms which include Auca, Ouchi, Auch, Houc, Oucke, Ouke, Houk, Ouk, Hauk, Oukes. The name is thought to represent a solely Anglo-Scandinavian formation. |
FJ pp. 42-43 s.n. *Auki |
| Aumundr |
For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Aumundr; FJ pp. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. -mundr, Mundi |
| Aun, Auni, Øn |
Occurs as a Scandinavian name in England, Oune. Of uncertain etymology, perhaps a diminuitive from Aunn or a short form of Auðunn. Occurs in the runic accusative form [auno]. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Aun; NR s.n. Auni |
| Aunn |
Found in OW.Norse as Aun. Contracted form of Auðin or Auðun (see above). Occurs in the runic genitive form aunar. |
NR s.n. Aunn |
| Austbj#491;rn |
First element from OW.Norse austr "east" For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. The runic evidence is uncertain: this name may occur as the accusative form ausburn, or the inscription may actually be the name Ásbj#491;rn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Austbi#491;rn, Bjarni |
| Austmaðr |
Found in Old Danish as Ostman, in Old Swedish as the by-name Østman, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Austmaðr. From OW.Norse austmaðr "a man from the east". Found in the runic nominative form austmoþ[(r)]. |
NR s.n. Austmaðr |
| Auti |
This is a problematic name hypothesized to be derived from *Aqguti > *Auguti > *Aukti. The name would then be reflected in the Swedish runic inscription akuti and the 15th century Jutlandic name Øyti. Alternatively, this could be a by-name meaning "out in the sty." |
FJ pp. 43-44 s.n. Auti |
| AutiR |
Of uncertain etymology. Found in the runic nominative form autiR. Compare with Auti. |
NR s.n. AutiR |
| Ávaldi, Ávaldr |
For the first element Á- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.nn. Ávaldi, Ávaldr; FJ pp. 342, 351 Á-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Ávangr |
For the first element Á- see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ávangr; FJ pp. 342 |
| Ávarr |
Found in Old Danish as Awer, in Old Swedish as Aver, and in OW.Norse as Ávarr. Derived from Primitive Scandinavian *Anu-gaiRaR (see Á-, -geir). Runic examples include the nominative forms auer, ouaiR, [ouAiR] and the accusative form [ayi]. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Ávarr; FJ pp. 342, 351-352; NR s.nn. ÁvæiRR, Á-, -arr |
| Áviðr |
Occurs in Old Swedish as Avidh. The first element is from Germanic *az- (see Á- above.) For the second element -viðr see above. Found in the runic nominative form auiþr. |
CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.n. Áviðr |
| Ævarr |
|
GB p. 17 s.n. Ævarr |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| BægliR |
Perhaps a formation from a verb corresponding to Nynorsk begla "to hinder". Compare with the OW.Norse man's by-name Begla, interpreted as equivalent to the Nynorsk noun begla "perverse and quarrelsome person." Compare with the Old Danish by-name Beghel. Found in the runic accusative form begli. |
NR s.n. BægliR |
| BæiliR |
Identical to BægliR? Found in the runic nominative form beiliR. |
NR s.n. BæiliR |
| Baggi |
Originally a by-name from OW.Norse baggi "bag, pack, bundle" or may also be "beggar, vagrant". Found in Old Danish as Baggi, in Old Swedish as Bagge, and in OW.Norse as Baggi. Found as both a personal name and a by-name in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Runic examples include the nominative form baki, the genitive form baka and the accusative form baka, although these may instead represent the name Banki. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bagge, Baghe. |
FJ p. 45 s.n. Baggi; NR s.n. Baggi |
| Bak |
Originally a by-name, "back." Found in a few Norwegian examples. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Basche. |
FJ p. 45 s.n. Bak |
| Baldi |
Short form of some name in Bald-. Appears in Sweden as a by-name, where it is assumed to be a loan from Germany. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Balde. |
FJ pp. 45-46 s.n. Baldi |
| Balkr, Balki, Bálki |
Originally a by-name related to Modern Norwegian balk, "confusion," or else from the Old English noun balca, "balk." Balki and Bálki are weak side-forms. Bálki appears once in West Scandinavian, as a personal name among the Landnámsmenn of Iceland, and appears as a place-name element in both Iceland and Norway. Not recorded in East Scandinavia. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bálki; FJ pp. 46 s.n. Balki |
| Balli |
Found as both personal names and by-names in in Old Danish as Balli and in Old Swedish as Balle. Occurs in OW.Norse as the by-name Balli. From the OW.Norse adjective ballr "dangerous, hazardous, risky, terrible, bold, brave, daring" or from OW.Norse bollr "ball". Runic examples include the nominative forms bali and balin. |
FJ p. 46 s.n. Balli; NR s.n. Balli |
| BallungR |
Derived from the OW.Norse adjective ballr "dangerous, hazardous, risky, terrible, bold, brave, daring". Found in the runic genitive form baluks. |
NR s.n. BallungR |
| Balsi, Ballsi |
A formation from the second element -si added to Balli. Found in the runic nominative form balsi. |
NR s.n. Bal(l)si |
| Banki |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Banke. Related to the Old Swedish verb banka "knock, pound, beat" or a name corresponding to the Swedish dialect word banke "crossbar". Runic examples include the nominative form baki, the genitive form baka and the accusative form baka. |
NR s.n. Banki |
| Barði |
Originally a nickname meaning a specific type of ship. Found in Iceland and Norway, with a few instances found in Denmark, for instance the Latin form Bartho. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bardi, also appears in the place-names Barthwait and Barthtwayt. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Barði; FJ pp. 47-48 s.n. Barði |
| Bárðr |
Derived from Primitive Scandinavian *Baðu-friðuR. The first element *Baðu- also gives rise to the name element Boð-, which is identical to Old Icelandic boð (genitive form boðvar, "battle"). The second element *-friðuR is also represented in the second element -frøðr, see above. Found in Old Danish as Barth, in Old Swedish as Bardh, and in OW.Norse as Bárðr. Found in the runic nominative form barþr. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bárðr; FJ pp. 46-47, 343, 348, 351 s.nn. Bárðr, Boð-, -frøðr, -varðr; NR s.n. Bárðr, Boð(v)-, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Bárekr |
For the second element -rekr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bárekr; FJ pp. 350 s.n. -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Barkr, Borkr, Barki |
Originally a by-name, "bark" related to Old Icelandic borkr (genitive barkar). One of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn was named Borkr, and a few other occurrences in West Scandinavian. Bark is found as a by-name in Sweden, and Barki is also seen as a side-form of this name. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Barch, Barc, Bark. |
FJ pp. 48 s.nn. Barkr, Borkr, Barki; NR s.n. Barkviðr |
| Barkviðr |
Old Swedish Barkvidh (example from Ostergotland). The first element, Bark- is from Old Swedish barker, OW.Norse borkr "bark"), because it is otherwise unknown in two-element names. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms barkuiþr and [barkuiþR], as well as the accusative form barkuiþ. |
FJ pp. 48, 352 s.nn. Barkr, Borkr, Barki, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.n. Barkviðr |
| Barn, Barni |
Originally a by-name meaning "child, youth, young man," derived from OW.Norse barn "child". Barni is a weak side-form of the name. Found in some Danish place-names and as the Old Danish by-name Barni. Runic inscriptions of the nominative forms barni, (b)ar(n)in exist, but are thought to be a spelling of Bjarni. This name may have originated as a short form or by-name for names containing the -barn second element. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Barne, Barn, Bærn, Bern. |
FJ pp. 48-49 s.nn. Barn, Barni; NR s.n. Barni |
| Basing |
"Son of Bassi, descendant of Bassi." A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation from the Scandinavian name Bassi plus the Old English second element -ing. Forms include Basing, Besing, Blasing, Basind, Besign, Besyng, Bassyng, Bosing, Basinc. |
FJ pp. 49-51 s.n. *Basing, *Besing |
| Bassi |
This name occurs as both a personal name and a by-name, Found in Old Danish and OW. Norse as Bassi and in Old Swedish as Basse. Nordisk runnamnslexikon suggests that the derivation is from OW.Norse bassi "wild boar", although the Cleasby-Vigfusson Old Icelandic Dictionary has bassi as "bear." Found in the runic nominative form b(a)si. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bassi; NR s.n. Bassi |
| Baugr |
|
GB p. 8 s.n. Baugr |
| BáulfR |
This name is a contracted form of OW.Norse Boðólfr. It is found in the runic accusative form baulf. |
FJ pp. 343, 351 s.nn. Boð-, -ulfr; NR s.nn. BáulfR |
| Bausi |
Found in Old Danish as Bøsi and in Old Swedish as the by-name Bøse. May be related to the Norwegian dialect word bause "magnate; proud, very touchy person". Runic examples include the accusative forms baosa and bausa. |
NR s.n. Bausi |
| Beda |
Christian, the same name as that of the Venerable Bede. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Beda |
| Beggi |
|
GB p. 8 s.n. Beggi |
| Beigan |
Celtic |
GB p. 8 s.n. Beigan |
| Beinir |
This name occurs in Færeyinga saga, ch. 4. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Beinir |
| Beinviðr |
Found as a mythological name as OW.Norse Beinviðr. From OW.Norse beinviðr. Cleasby-Vigfusson shows beinviðr to be holly oak (Quercus ilex), however Nordisk runnamnslexikon has the meaning as Swedish benved, which appears to be the European spindle-tree (Euonymus europaeus). This Runic Swedish name should be interpreted as a two-element name from -viðr, but in Scandinavian personal names the element Bæin- seems otherwise to be unknown. For the second element -viðr see above. Found in the runic nominative form benuiþr. |
CV p. 56 s.v. beinviði, beinviðr, beinviðir; NR s.n. Bæinviðr |
| Bekan |
Celtic |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bekan |
| Bekki |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian name, possibly from the West Scandinavian by-name Bekkr, "brook." However this may also be a loan from Old English, Frisian, or Continental Germanic. |
FJ pp. 51 s.n. *Bekki |
| Belgr |
Originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic belgr (genitive belgjar) "skin, skin-bag, bellows," used to mean "dry, withered old man." Found as a West Scandinavian name and also as an Anglo-Scandinavian name. |
FJ pp. 51 s.n. Belgr |
| Beli |
Originally a by-name derived from Old Icelandic belja "to bellow, to roar." The only certain Scandinavian occurrences are as fictional characters, for example, in Þorsteins saga Víkingssonar ch. 1 and in Friðþjófs saga ins frækna ch. 1, and a possible occurrence in Sweden. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bele, and the name occurs in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Belesbi, Bilesbi, Bellebi, Ballebi. |
FJ p. 51-52 s.n. Beli |
| Belli |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation from either the Old Norse by-name bellinn "bold," or perhaps related to a Norwegian dialect term bell "bell-clapper." |
FJ p. 52 s.n. *Belli |
| Beltr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation, not recorded in Scandinavia but possibly related to the West Scandinavian by-name Belti, derived from belti, "belt." |
FJ p. 52 s.n. *Beltr |
| Benedikt |
Christian, Benedict. A diminuitive form of Benedikt is Bensi. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Benedikt; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Bengeirr |
For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bengeirr; FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Beni |
|
GB p. 8 s.n. Beni |
| Bensi |
A diminuitive form of Benedikt. |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Benteinn |
|
GB p. 8 s.n. Benteinn |
| Bergfinnr |
The first element Berg- is derived from the present stem of the OW.Norse verb bjarga "to save, to help" (compare with the Continental Germanic names in Berg-, Perg- etc. and the Norwegian dialect term berg, "protection, help.") but may also be associated with OW.Norse berg, bjarg "mountain, cliff". For the second element -finnr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bergfinnr; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Berg-, -finnr; NR s.nn. Bergr, Berg- |
| Bergr |
This name is found as both a personal name and as a by-name in Old Swedish, where it appears as Biærgh or Bærgh, and in OW.Norse where it takes the form Bergr, and appears in Old Danish as the by-name Biergh. The personal name may be derived from the OW.Norse verb bjarga "to save, to help", but as a by-name is derived from OW.Norse berg, bjarg "mountain, cliff," in which case it is likely to have originated from an identical place-name. Found in the runic nominative form [(b)irkr]. See Berg- above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bergr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Berg-; NR s.nn. BergR, Berg- |
| Bergsveinn |
Found in Old Swedish as Biærghsven in an example from Jämtland, and in OW.Norse as Bergsveinn. For the first element Berg- see above. The second element -sveinn is identical to Old Icelandic sveinn, "young man," often used to mean "young warrior." The term is related to the archaic English term "swain." Runic examples include the nominative form barksuain and the accusative form bersen. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bergsveinn; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.nn. Berg-, -sveinn; NR s.nn. Bergsvæinn, Bergr, Berg-, -svæinn |
| Bergþórr |
For the first element Berg- see above. For the second element -þórr see above. The name is found frequently in West Scandinavian, occurring in both Norway and in Iceland. Also recorded in Sweden. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bertor, Berhðor, Berthor. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bergþórr; FJ pp. 52, 342, 347, 351 s.nn. Bergþórr, Berg-, Þór-, -þórr; CV p. 743 s.v. Þórr; NR s.nn. Bergr, Berg- |
| Bergulfr |
For the first element Berg- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Rare in Norway before 1300, but found there frequently after that. Found in Swedish, and in a few late instances in Denmark. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Beregolf, Berguluer, also found in place-names Berguluesbi, Bergolbi. |
FJ pp. 52, 342, 351 s.nn. Bergulfr, Berg-, -ulfr; NR s.nn. Bergr, Berg-, -ulfR |
| Bergviðr |
Found in Old Swedish as Biærghvidh in an example from Ostergotland. For the first element Berg- see Berg- above. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms barkuiþr, [barkuiþR] and the accusative forms barkuiþ, biruiþ. |
FJ pp. 342, 352 s.nn. Berg-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Bergviðr, BergR, Berg-, -viðr |
| Bernharðr |
The second element -harðr is from the OW.Norse adjective horðr "hard, strong". |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bernhardr; NR s.nn. Harð-, Harðr |
| Bersi, Bessi |
Found in Old Danish and OW.Norse as Bersi, and as the Old Swedish by-name Bærse. Originally a by-name from OW.Norse bersi "(little) bear," and related to Old Icelandic bersi, "he-bear." Found very frequently in Iceland and frequently in Norway from the 800's. There are a few instances in Sweden and Denmark. Found in the runic genitive case form [biria]. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include occur in the place-names Berisholm, Baseuuic, Besewic, Bersewyk, Bessewallesike. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bersi; FJ pp. 53 s.n. Bersi, Bessi; NR s.nn. Bersi |
| Bíldr, Billi |
Originally a by-name from Old Icelandic bíldr, "blade." The name is as a personal name of fictional characters in West Scandinavia, for example in Hrómundar saga Gripssonar ch. 1 and in Orvar-Odds saga Bíldr is listed as a berserker in ch. 14. It is also found frequently as a by-name. It may also occur in the character named Bildus in Saxo Grammaticus' Gesta Danorum and as both a by-name and a place-name in Denmark. Billi is found in one Norwegian place-name with a few instances in Sweden and Denmark. |
FJ pp. 53 s.n. Bíldr, Billi |
| Billingr |
Found in Old Danish as both the name and the by-name Billing, in OW.Norse as a mythological character and as a by-name in the form Billingr, and in Old Swedish as the by-name Billing. The name is derived from OW.Norse billingr "twin". Runic examples include the nominative forms bilikikR, bilik=r. |
NR s.nn. BillingR |
| Birgir |
Found in Old Danish as Birghir, in Old Swedish as Birgher, and in OW.Norse as Birgir. This name is of disputed derivation. It may be based on a name-element derived from OW.Norse bjarga "to save, to help", or it may be an adjective formed from Germanic *berzó "help," or it could be a short form of names in Berg-, or it could be a two-element name with the second element of -geirr see above. The first three proposals assume all initial forms in *BergiaR. Runic examples include the nominative forms biriR. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Birgir; FJ pp. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. BirgiR, -gæiRR |
| Birningr |
|
GB p. 8 s.n. Birningr |
| Bisi |
This name occurs in Old Swedish as Bise, occurring both as a personal name and as a by-name; it is also found in Old Danish as a by-name Bise; and as the OW.Norse by-name Bisi. This name derives from a term meaning "commander, leader," compare with the Swedish dialect word bis(s)e "commander, old man." Found in the runic nominative form (b)isi. |
NR s.n. Bisi |
| Bjaðachr |
Celtic |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjaðachr |
| Bjálfi |
Found in OW.Norse as Biálfi, both as a personal name and as a by-name. From OW.Norse bjálfi "fur, pelt." Found in the runic accusative case form biafa. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjálfi; NR s.n. Biálfi |
| Bjalla |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian name derived from the Old Icelandic bjalla, "bell," or the place-names isntead may be using the personal names Beli or Belli. |
FJ pp. 53-54 s.n. *Bjalla |
| Bjarngeir |
This name is found in Old Danish in the Latinized forms Berngerus and Berengarius. The name elements Bjarn- and Bj#491;rn- (both meaning "bear") are derived from the same Primitive Scandinavian language roots: over time, and following certain linguistic rules, languages change, and the two forms seem to be the result of a series of changes resulting in similar forms. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form biarngaiR and the accusative form biarnkir. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV pp. 65-66, 196 s.v. bjarnar, björn, geirr; NR s.nn. BiarngæiRR, Biarn-, -gæiRR, Biarni |
| Bjarnharðr |
For the first element Bjarn- see above. For the second element -harðr see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjarnharðr; CV pp. 65-66 s.v. bjarnar, björn; NR s.n. Biarn-, Harð-, Harðr, Biarni |
| Bjarnheðinn |
For the first element Bjarn- see above. The name-elements Heðin-, -heðinn and the single-element name Heðinn are of disputed derivation. The name may have come into Scandinavia as a Continental Germanic loan from the Hjaðninga saga, related to Continental German Hetan. There is a discrepancy in pronunciation between medieval West Scandinavian forms (Heðin-, -heðinn) and medieval East Scandinavian forms (Hiðin-, -hiðinn). The OW.Norse form with /e/ is assumed to have been formed along the pattern of OW.Norse heðinn "fur, pelt," but the discrepancy between the East Scandinavian /i/ and the West Scandinavian /e/ may also be explained as a change according to normal phonetic priciples. The Viking Age runic examples seems to occur both as /i/ and /e/. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjarnheðinn; CV pp. 65-66 s.v. bjarnar, björn; NR s.n. Biarn-, Heðin-/Hiðin-, -heðinn/-hiðinn, Heðinn/Hiðinn, Biarni |
| Bjarnhofði |
A compound from the OW.Norse bjǫrn "bear" and -hofði. For the first element Bjarn- see above. The second element, -hofði is derived from OW.Norse hofuð, "head." Runic examples include the nominative forms biarnaffþi, biarnhufþi and the accusative form biarnafþa. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
CV pp. 65-66, 306 s.v. bjarnar, björn, hofði; NR s.nn. Biarnhofði, Biarni, -hofði |
| Bjarni |
Found in Old Danish as Biarni, in Old Swedish as Biarne or Biærne, and in OW.Norse as Bjarni. This is a short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn, and is found as a side-form of Bjǫrn and Arinbjǫrn. Runic examples include the nominative forms barni, (b)ar(n)in, biarni. Found throughout Scandinavia. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Berne. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjarni; FJ pp. 54 s.n. Bjarni; CV pp. 65-66 s.v. bjarnar, björn; NR s.nn. Biarni |
| Bjarnlaugr |
For the first element Bjarn- see above. For the second element -laugr see above. Found in the runic nominative form [biarlaukr]. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -laugr; CV pp. 374 s.v. laug def. IV; NR s.nn. BiarnlaugR, Biarn-, -laugR, Biarni |
| Bjarnvarðr |
For the second element -varðr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjarnvarðr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -varðr; CV pp. 65-66, 722 s.v. bjarnar, björn, vorðr |
| Bjartr |
This name occurs as a by-name in OW.Norse as Bjartr. From the OW.Norse adjective bjartr "light, bright". Runic examples include the nominative forms (b)artr. |
NR s.nn. Biartr |
| Bjartmárr |
The first element Bjart- is probably from Old Icelandic bjartr, "bright". For the second element -márr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjartmárr; FJ pp. 350 s.n. -márr; CV pp. 65, 418, 443 s.v. bjartr, -már, mærr; NR s.nn. Biartr |
| Bjólan |
|
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjólan |
| Bjólfr, Býúlfr |
"Bee wolf," a kenning for "honey thief" and thus a bear. A contraction of Býúlfr, and related to Old English Beowulf. For the second element -ólfr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjólfr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Bjorgólfr |
For the second element -ólfr see above. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjorgólfr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Bjǫrn |
From OW.Norse bjǫrn, which in turn derives from Primitive Scandinavian *bernuR, "bear". An extremely common name in West Scandinavia, originally derived from a by-name meaning "bear." This was a very popular name, as the many runic examples attest: nominative case forms include biairn, biarn, biaurn, biaurn, binrn, biorn, birn, biurn, burn, byorn, byrn; the genitive case forms bianaR, biarnar, biarnaR; the accusative case forms baorn, biaorn, biarn, biern, bihrn, biorn, bira, biur, biurn, biurno, burn, etc. Found in Old Danish as Biorn, in Old Swedish as Biorn and Biørn, and in OW.Norse as Biǫrn or Bjǫrn. Found in Latinized Old Danish as Bero, Berno, Biorno, Biornus. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Beorn, Biern, Bern, Biorn, Ber. A diminuitive form of Bjǫrn is Bjorsi. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjǫrn; FJ pp. 54-55, 342 s.nn. Bjǫrn, Bjǫrn-; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; NR s.nn. Biǫrn |
| Bjǫrnkarl |
From a nickname meaning "bear-hunter" or else a compound name from Bjǫrn (see above) and the second element -karl. The second element -karl is identical with Old Icelandic karl, "man." Anglo-Scandinavian forms include which derive from either this name or from Bjǫrnketill include Berkil and the place-names Barkedale, Barkendale. |
FJ pp. 54-55, 342, 349, 351 s.nn. Bjǫrn, Bjǫrnkarl or Bjǫrnketill, Bjǫrn-, -karl, -ketill; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Bjǫrnketill |
For the first element Bjǫrn see above. For the second element -ketill see above. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include which derive from either this name or from Bjǫrnkarl include Berkil and the place-names Barkedale, Barkendale. |
FJ pp. 54-55, 342, 351 s.nn. Bjǫrn, Bjǫrnkarl or Bjǫrnketill, Bjǫrn-, -karl, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Bjǫrnólfr, Bjǫrnúlfr, Bjǫrnulfr |
For the first element Bjǫrn see above. For the second element -olfr or -ulfr see above. Appears early in Iceland, but is documented only in place-names in Norway until late. Found in Sweden as Biærnulv. Found in Old Swedish as Biornolf and in OW.Norse as Bjǫrnúlfr. Runic examples include the nominative forms [biarnulfr] and [biaurn(u)].... Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bernulf, Bernolf, Bernoff, Bernulfus, Bernolfus. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bjǫrnólfr; FJ pp. 55-56, 342, 351 s.nn. Bjǫrnulfr, Bjǫrn-, -ulfr; NR s.nn. BiarnulfR, Biarn-, ulfR, Biarni |
| Bjórr |
Found in Old Danish as Biaver, in Old Swedish as the by-name Biur and in the OW.Norse by-name Bjórr. From OW.Norse bjórr "beaver". Runic examples include the nominative forms [biur] and the accusative form bior. |
FJ p. 54 s.n. Bjórr; NR s.n. Biúrr |
| Bjorsi |
A diminuitive form of Bjǫrn. |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Bjórstein |
Found in Old Swedish as Biursten in an example from Sodermanland. For the first element Bjor- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the accusative case forms biurstain, byrst(a)in. |
FJ p. 54, 351 s.n. Bjorr, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Biúrstæinn, Biúrr, -stæinn |
| Bláfótr |
"Blue-foot." Originally a by-name, recorded once in West Scandinavian for "Tosten bláfótr." Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Blafotewang. |
FJ pp. 56 s.n. Bláfótr |
| Blákári |
Formed as a compound with the OW.Norse adjective blár "black" and the OW.Norse adjective *kárr (from Germanic *kaura- "bowed, curved") with the sense partly of "curly, wavy," and partly "obstinate, pugnacious, reluctant." Alternately, the second part of the name may be the masculine name Kári (see below) with a prefixed by-name of Blá- "black, blue, bruise-colored." Runic examples include the form blakari in both the nominative and the accusative cases. |
NR s.nn. Blákári/Blá-Kári |
| Blakkr, Blakki |
"Black, dun-colored." Originally a by-name with both strong and weak forms, found throughout Scandinavia. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Blacher and the place-name Blaketoft. |
FJ pp. 56-57 s.nn. Blakkr, Blakki |
| Blanda |
"One who mixes his drinks." Originally a by-name recorded in West Scandinavian. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include the place-name Blandebi. |
FJ pp. 57 s.n. Blanda |
| Blár |
"Blue-black, livid." Originally a by-name, this color word is the one used to describe corpses and bruises. Found late in West Scandinavian and Sweden. Found in England in the name Randulfus Bla de Scitebroc. |
FJ pp. 57 s.n. Blár |
| Blási |
Originally a by-name from the verb blása, "to blow." Recorded in West Scandinavian. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Blasse, Blase. |
FJ pp. 57 s.n. Blási |
| Blasíus |
Christian |
GB p. 8 s.n. Blasíus |
| Blæingr |
|
GB p. 8 s.n. Blæingr |
| Bleikr, Bleiki |
"Pale, pale one." Originally a by-name with both strong and weak forms, both of which are found in OW.Norse. Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Blek, and in OW.Norse as Bleikr, occurring in each of these areas as both a personal name and as a by-name. From the OW.Norse adjective bleikr "pale, white". Runic examples include the nominative forms bel[e]ik[r], [blikr] and the accusative form bleik. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Blaic, Blayk, Bleik. |
FJ pp. 57 s.n. Bleikr, Bleiki; NR s.nn. BlæikR |
| Blesa |
Identical to modern Icelandic blesa "blaze, mare with the blaze on the forehead" (compare with Blesi). Found in the runic nominative form [blesa]. |
NR s.nn. Blesa, Blesi |
| Blesi |
Originally a by-name meaning "white spot on a horse's forehead, blaze," derived from the OW.Norse *bles "blaze" (compare with OW.Norse blesóttr "with a blaze on the forehead"). Related to the modern Icelandic blesa "blaze, mare with the blaze on the forehead" (compare with Blesa). The name is found as a nickname for one of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn. Appears in one Swedish runic inscription in the nominative form blisi and possibly in some Swedish place-names. Used as an Anglo-Scandinavian personal name which appears in the place-names Blasebi and Blesebi. |
FJ pp. 58 s.n. Blesi; NR s.nn. Blesa, Blesi |
| Bleyði |
A hypothetical form, possibly an Anglo-Scandinavian name, originally a by-name derived from Old Icelandic bleyði, "cowardice." However, may instead be derived from the Middle English surname "Blade." Found in place-names Bladeroides, Blaithroide, Blaytheroyde. |
FJ pp. 58 s.n. *Bleyði |
| Blígr |
Originally a by-name from Old Icelandic blígja "to gaze." Found in West Scandinavian in personal names, by-names, and place-names. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Blíh and appear in the place-names Blittone, Blitone, Blituna, Bliburg. |
FJ pp. 58 s.n. Blígr |
| Blæingr |
Originally a by-name from the Old Icelandic adjective blár, "blue, dark" which is often found referring to the color of corpses or bruises, cf. hel-blár, "black as death." Found as a personal name in Iceland, including one of the Landnámsmenn, and possibly appearing in one Norwegian place-name. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bleyn. |
FJ pp. 58 s.n. Blæingr |
| Bóandi |
Found in Old Danish as Bondi, in Old Swedish as Bonde, and in OW.Norse as Bóndi; found as both a personal name and as a by-name in all three areas. From OW.Norse bóndi (bóandi, búandi) "landowner, yeoman." Found in the runic nominative form buanti. |
NR s.nn. Bóandi |
| Boði |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian short form of Boðvarr. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bo&thǫrn;e. |
FJ pp. 59, 69 s.nn. *Boði, Boðvarr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Boddi |
An 8th century diminuitive form of names in Boð- (Old English Beadu-). |
GB p. 8 s.n. Boddi; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Boðmóðr |
For the first element Boð- see above. For the second element -móðr see above. A diminuitive form of names in Boð- is Boddi. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Boðmóðr; FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Boð-, -móðr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; NR s.n. -móðr |
| Boðólfr |
For the first element Boð- see above. For the second element -olfr see above. A diminuitive form of names in Boð- is Boddi. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Boðólfr; FJ pp. 343, 351 s.nn. Boð-, -ulfr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Boðvarr |
Related to *Baþu-harjaR, "he who has a battle-array." Found in Old Danish as Bodwar and in OW.Norse as Boðvarr. Found in the runic accusative form bau(þ).... Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Batharar. A diminuitive form of names in Boð- is Boddi. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Boðvarr; FJ pp. 69, 343, 348 s.nn. Boðvarr, Boð-, -varr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; NR s.nn. Boðvarr, Boð-, -varr, Bárðr, BáulfR |
| Bófi |
Originally a by-name. Found in Old Danish as Bovi, in Old Swedish as Bove, and in OW.Norse as Bófi; found as both a personal name and as a by-name in all three areas. From the word *bófi "thick and clumsy person." Runic examples include the nominative forms bofi, bufi, the genitive forms [bofa], bufa, the dative form bufa and the accusative forms bofa, [bofi]. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Boue. |
FJ p. 59 s.n. Bófi; NR s.n. Bófi |
| Boggvir |
The second element -vér or its side-form -vir are derived from *wihaR, "warrior" and related to Old Icelandic noun víg, "battle". |
GB p. 9 s.n. Boggvir; FJ p. 352 s.nn. -ver; ; NR s.n. -véR |
| Bogi |
"Bowstave." |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bogi; CV p. 72 s.v. bogi |
| Bói |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Bo and in OW.Norse in the forms Bó, Búi; found as both a personal name and as a by-name in all three areas. From OW.Norse búi "dweller," derived from the OW.Norse verb búa "to dwell." Runic examples include the nominative forms bui, (b)ui, [bui] and the accusative forms bui, (b)ui. |
NR s.nn. Bói |
| Bóla |
Found in OW.Norse as the masculine by-name Bóla. From OW.Norse bóla "bump, swelling." This word is found in the runic accusative case form bulu, where it may represent a personal name. |
NR s.nn. Bóla |
| Boli |
Originally a by-name from Old Icelandic boli "bull." A single instance is recorded in West Scandinavian from 1399. Several Anglo-Scandinavian names and place-names contain one of Boli, Bóli or Bolli, but it is not clear from which name a given Anglo-Scandinavian instance is derived. These Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bole, Bol, Bolle, Bule, Bulle, Bola. |
FJ p. 59 s.nn. Boli, Bóli, Bolli |
| Bóli |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as both a personal name and as a by-name in the form Bole. occurs in OW.Norse as the by-name Bóli. Perhaps from OW.Norse bóli "leaseholder, tenant". A few instances are found in West Scandinavia in the 1300s. The Old Danish personal name Bole seems to be a Continental loan-word. Runic examples include the nominative form buli and the accusative form bul(in). Several Anglo-Scandinavian names and place-names contain one of Boli, Bóli or Bolli, but it is not clear from which name a given Anglo-Scandinavian instance is derived. These Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bole, Bol, Bolle, Bule, Bulle, Bola. |
FJ pp. 59 s.nn. Boli, Bóli, Bolli; NR s.nn. Bóli |
| Bolli |
Originally a by-name, Fellows-Jenson gives the etymology of this name as being derived from Old Icelandic bolli "bowl" and hence a fat man. Nordisk runnamnslexikon suggests that this name from OW.Norse bolli "little chubby man." Found in Old Danish as Bulle, in OW.Norse as Bolli (both as a personal name and as a by-name), and as the Old Swedish by-name Bulle. This name is fairly frequent in West Scandinavia. Danish place-names in Bolle or Bulle are thought to be derived from this name. Runic examples include the nominative form buli and the accusative form bul(in). Several Anglo-Scandinavian names and place-names contain one of Boli, Bóli or Bolli, but it is not clear from which name a given Anglo-Scandinavian instance is derived. These Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bole, Bol, Bolle, Bule, Bulle, Bola. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bolli; FJ pp. 59 s.n. Boli, Bóli, Bolli; NR s.nn. Bulli/Bolli, Bóli |
| Bólnautr |
Possibly a compound name formed from OW.Norse ból "dwelling; abode" and OW.Norse nautr "person, mate, fellow." Found in the runic genitive form bulnaus|. |
NR s.nn. Bólnautr |
| Boltr |
Originally a by-name from Old Icelandic bolt, as in a bolt of cloth, related to a Modern Icelandic word meaning "bundle," and to a Shetland dialect word meaning "fat, lumpy figure," thus a fat man. Found several times in West Scandinavian. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Boltebi. |
FJ pp. 60 s.n. Boltr |
| Bóndi |
Originally an occupational name from Old Icelandic bóndi, "farmer." Occurs in West Scandinavian as both a personal name and a place-name. Found in one Swedish runic inscription. Very common in Denmark. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bunde, Bonde, Bonda, Bondo, Bondus, Bond as well as place-names Bundebi, Bondholm. |
FJ pp. 60-61 s.n. Bóndi |
| Bolverkr |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Bolverkr |
| Borggeir, BorggæiRR |
The first element Borg- is an alternate form of Berg-, thus derived from the OW.Norse verb bjarga "to save, to help." Borg- is sometimes assumed to be derived from OW.Norse borg "castle, fortified place". For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the accusative case forms borkeR, burkaiR, [burkeR]. |
FJ pp. 343 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. BorggæiRR, Borg-, -gæiRR |
| Borgfastr |
For the first element Borg- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms borfas[tr], [b]or[f]... and the accusative form borfast. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ pp. 344 s.n. -fastr; CV pp. 145 s.v. fastr; NR s.nn. Borgfastr, Borg-, -fastr, Fasti |
| Borgúlfr, BorgulfR |
Found in Old Swedish as Borgholf. For the first element Borg- see above. For the second element -ulfR see above. Runic examples include the nominative form bur[kulfR] and the accusative forms borkulf, burkulf. |
FJ pp. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. BorgulfR, Borg-, -ulfR |
| Borkr |
Originally a by-name, "bark" related to Old Icelandic borkr (genitive barkar). One of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn was named Borkr, and a few other occurrences in West Scandinavian. Bark is found as a by-name in Sweden, and Barki is also seen as a side-form of this name. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Barch, Barc, Bark. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Borkr; FJ p. 48 s.nn. Barkr, Borkr, Barki; NR s.n. Barkviðr |
| Bósi, Bøsi, BøsiR |
Found in Swedish and Danish sources. Found in Old Danish as Bosi, Old Swedish as Bose, and in OW.Norse as Bósi; found as both a personal name and as a by-name in all three areas. From OW.Norse bósi "plump, chubby man." Runic examples include the nominative form bosi and the accusative form busa. The name BøsiR is a side-form of Bósi created with the -ia-second element, and appears in the runic nominative form bysiR. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Besy, Besi. |
FJ pp. 70 s.n. Bøsi; NR s.n. Bósi, BøsiR |
| Bótbjǫrn |
The first element Bót- comes from Old Icelandic bót, "remedy, improvement, weregild, recovery, compensation, penalty, fine." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Found in the runic nominative form [botbiern]. |
FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Bót-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Bótbiǫrn, Bót-, -biǫrn |
| Bótfreðr |
The name Bótfreðr is found as a medieval Old Gotlandic name. For the first element Bót- see above. The second element, -freðr is from OW.Norse friðr, which in turn comes from proto-Scandinavian *friðuR "love, peace." As a name-element friðr may mean "protection, defense." Found in the runic nominative form bofriþr, which may actually represent the feminine Old Norse name Bótfríðr. |
FJ p. 342 s.n. Bót-; NR s.nn. Bótfreðr, Bót-, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Bótfúss |
Found in medieval Old Gotlandic as Bótfóss. For the first element Bót- see above. The second element, -fúss, is from the OW.Norse fúss "seeking-after, willing to". Found in the runic nominative form butfus. |
FJ p. 342 s.n. Bót-; CV pp. 178-179 s.v. fúss; NR s.nn. Bótfúss, Bót-, -fúss |
| Bótgeir, BótgæiRR |
For the first element Bót- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Found in Old Swedish as Botgher. Occurs in the accusative case in the partial runic inscription ...tkaiR |
FJ pp. 342, 343 s.nn. Bót-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. BótgæiRR, Bót-, -gæiRR |
| Bóthvatr |
For the first element Bót- see above. For the second element -hvatr see above. Found in the runic nominative form botuat(r). |
FJ pp. 342, 349 s.nn. Bót-, -hvatr; CV pp. 297 s.v. hvatr; NR s.nn. Bóthvatr, Bót-, -hvatr |
| Bótmundr |
For the first element Bót- see above. For the second element -mundr or the weak side-form -mundi see above. Found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish as Botmund. Runic examples include the nominative forms butmuntr, [b]u[t]muntr. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Bót-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Bótmundr, Bót-, -mundr, Mundi |
| BótræifR |
For the first element Bót- see above. The second element -ræifR is from the OW.Norse adjective reifr "friendly, happy." Occurs in Old Swedish as Botref. Runic examples include the nominative form butraifR and the accusative form botraif. |
FJ p. 342 s.n. Bót-; CV p. 490 s.v. reifr; NR s.nn. BótræifR, Bót-, -ræifR, RæifR |
| Bótólfr, Bótulfr |
For the first element Bót- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Found in Old Danish as Botulf, in Old Swedish as Botolf, and in OW.Norse as Bótólfr. Found in the runic nominative form bot[ulf]. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bótólfr; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.n. Bót-, -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. BótulfR, Bót-, -ulfR |
| Bótviðr |
For the first element Bót- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Found in Old Danish as Botwith, in Old Swedish as Botvidh, and in OW.Norse as Bótviðr. Found in the runic nominative form botuiþr. |
FJ p. 342 s.n. Bót-; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Bótviðr, Bót-, Við-, -viðr |
| Bóti |
Found once as a by-name in West Scandinavian meaning "man from Bute." A few late instances as a personal name are probably short forms of Bótulfr. The name may also occur in some Danish place-names. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bote. |
FJ pp. 61 s.n. Bóti |
| Bóvi |
|
GB p. 8 s.n. Bóvi |
| Bragi |
Bragi is the name of a poet from the early 800s, who later was transformed in the literature to a god of poetry alongside Óðinn. There are a few other occurrences in West Scandinavian where the name is used for fictional characters. One instance is found in Denmark as Braghæ. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Bragebi and Brahebi. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bragi; FJ pp. 61-62 s.n. Bragi |
| BramR |
Found in Old Danish as Bram and in Old Swedish as the by-name Bram. Related to Old Danish and Old Swedish bram "pomp, extravagance, overabundance;" compare with the Nynorsk verb brama "to be resplendent". Found in the runic accusative form bram. |
NR s.n. BramR |
| Brandi |
Found in OW.Norse as Brandi, and in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Brande. This name is a weak side-form or pet name for Brandr, or is derived from the same root-word. Found in the runic nominative form branti. |
NR s.nn. Brandi, Brandr |
| Brandr |
Originally a by-name meaning either "sword" or "fire." From OW.Norse brandr "log, pole, fire, torch, sword-blade." Found in Old Danish, Old Swedish and OW.Norse as Brand, both as a personal name and also as a by-name. Common in Iceland from the 900s onward. Not found in Norway in the early period, except perhaps as an element in compound personal names. This name was common in Denmark. Runic examples include the nominative forms brantr (6 occurrences) and bratr. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Brand, Brande, Brandi, Braund. A pet name for Brandr is Brandi. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Brandr; FJ pp. 62-63, 343, 348 s.nn. Brandr, Brand-, -brandr; CV p. 76 s.n. brandr; NR s.n. Brandr, Brandi |
| Brandulfr, Brondulfr, Brondólfr |
For the first element Brand- see above. For the second element -olfr or -ulfr see above. An Icelandic settler was named Brondulfr. Occurs in Norway in the 1400s. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Brandulf, Brandolf. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Brondólfr; FJ pp. 63, 343, 351 s.nn. Brandulfr, Brand-, -ulfr |
| Brattr |
|
GB p. 8 s.n. Brattr |
| Breiðr, Breiði |
Originally a by-name, "the broad one." The name of one of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn, also found in Norway. Found as a by-name in West Scandinavian. Appears as a personal name and as a by-name in Denmark and Sweden. The weak form Breiði is not recorded in Scandinavia. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Breth, as well as being included in place-names Bredestorp, Breizbi, Brezbi, Braiþatun, Breiðetun, Bretone, Brettan, Brayton, Braycewell, Braythwelle. |
GB p. 8 s.n. Breiðr; FJ p. 64 s.n. Breiðr, Breiði |
| Bresi |
|
GB p. 8 s.n. Bresi |
| Bretakollr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian name. The first element Breta- is the genitive plural of Bretar, "the Welsh". The second element -kollr is identical to Old Icelandic kollr "head, shaven crown", which has the extended sense of "man." The Scandinavian spelling here is extrapolated from the documented Anglo-Scandinavian form Bretecol, ca. 1050. |
FJ p. 64 s.n. *Bretakollr |
| Bríán |
Celtic |
GB p. 8 s.n. Bríán |
| Brísi |
Related to the Nynorsk verb brisa "to shine; to show off, be resplendent;" compare with OW.Norse brísingr "fire." Runic examples include the nominative form brisi and the genitive forms brisa, bris(a). |
NR s.n. Brísi |
| Brjánn |
Celtic |
GB p. 9 s.n. Brjánn |
| Broddr, Broddi |
Found once among the Icelandic Landnámsmenn, the weak form Broddi also found in Iceland and Denmark. Frequent in Norway after 1400. A few instances of both the strong and weak forms are found from Denmark. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include are found in the place-names Brichesuuorde, Brodesuurde, Broddeswrde. |
GB p. 9 s.nn. Broddr, Broddr; FJ p. 64 s.n. Broddr |
| Bróðir |
Found in Old Danish as Brothir and in Old Swedish Brodhir, in both locations the name occurs as both a personal name and a by-name. Found in OW.Norse as Bróðir. From OW.Norse bróðir "brother". A few late instances are found in West Scandinavia. The name is common in Sweden and Denmark. Runic examples include the nominative forms broþir, bruþ(in)m, bruþiR, burþiR, the accusative forms [br](þ)(u)r, [bruþur], and in one form in which the case is uncertain as buruþR. |
FJ p. 65 s.n. Bróðir; NR s.n. BróðiR |
| Bróklauss |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation, originally a by-name from Brók- "breeches" and -lauss "less." Alternate Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Broclaus, Broclos, Brocles. |
FJ p. 64 s.n. *Bróklauss |
| Brosa |
Originally a by-name, either from Old Icelandic brosa, "to smile" or related to Modern Norwegian brosa, "a blast of wind." |
FJ p. 65 s.n. Brosa |
| Brotulfr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation. The first element is from Brot-, "breaking." For the second element -ulfr see above. |
FJ pp. 65-66, 351 s.nn. *Brotulf, -ulfr |
| Bruddr |
Found in Old Danish as Brod, in Old Swedish as Brud, and in OW.Norse as Broddr; the name is found as both a personal name and as a by-name in all locations. From OW.Norse broddr "broad, thick". Runic examples include the nominative form brutr and the accusative form [burut]. |
NR s.n. Bruddr |
| Brúðr |
Originally a by-name from either brúðr, "bride" or bruðr < brunnr, "stream, burn, brook." A few instances are found in West Scandinavian. Anglo-Scandinavian forms are found in the place-names Brutherwrthe, Brudeford, Bruddeford. |
FJ p. 66 s.n. Brúðr |
| Brúni |
Originally a by-name. The name Brúni is found in Old Danish as Bruni, in Old Swedish as Brune, and in OW.Norse Brúni; the name is found as both a personal name and as a by-name in all locations. Derived from the OW.Norse adjective brúnn "bright, shining; brown." Recorded in some Norwegian place-names. Brúni was the name of one of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn, and is found early in Norway. Runic examples of Brúni include the nominative forms brune, bruni (7 instances), brunk, iruni, the genitive form bruna and the accusative forms bruna, [bruna], [brunia], bruno, brun.... |
GB p. 9 s.n. Brúni; FJ pp. 66, 343 s.nn. Brúnn, Brúni, Brún-; NR s.n. Brúnn, Brúni |
| Brúnkarl |
A hypothetical Anglo_Scandinavian name. For the first element Brún- see above. For the second element -karl see above. |
FJ pp. 66, 343, 349 s.n. *Brúnkarl, Brún-, -karl |
| Brunkell, Brunketill, Brúnketill |
Fellows-Jenson has the name Brúnketill with the first element as Brún- see above. Nordisk runnamnslexikon shows the name with a first element Brun- is a side-form of Bryn(in)-, which comes from the stem in OW.Norse brynja "byrnie, mail-coat." For the second element -ketill see above. Found in Old Danish as Brunkil. Runic examples include the nominative forms brunkil, brunkitil. |
FJ pp. 67, 343, 349 s.n. Brúnketill, Brún-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Bryn-/Brunkæ(ti)ll, Bryn(in)-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Brúnmaðr, Brúnmann |
For the first element Brún- see above. Found in Old Danish as Brunman and in OW.Norse as Brúnmann. This is a Norse name from the Danelaw. Found in the runic nominative case form brunman. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Brún-; NR s.nn. Brúnmaðr |
| Brúnn |
Originally a by-name. OW.Norse Brúnn is also found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Brun, and is both a personal name and a by-name in all locations. Derived from the OW.Norse adjective brúnn "bright, shining; brown." See also the name Brúni above. Recorded in some Norwegian place-names. Brúnn is represented in the runic evidence as the accusative form brun. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Brun, Brune and are found in the place-names Brunetorp, Brunhou, and Brunhousike. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Brúnn; FJ pp. 66, 343 s.n. Brúnn, Brúni; NR s.n. Brúnn, Brúni |
| Brunnólfr |
The first element Brunn- is from Old Icelandic brunnr, "stream, burn, brook.". For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Brunnólfr; FJ pp. 66, 351 s.n. Brúnn, Brúni, -olfr |
| Brúsi |
Originally a by-name. Found as Old Swedish and Old Danish as Bruse, and in OW.Norse as Brúsi; the name occurs as both a personal name and as a by-name in all locations. From OW.Norse brúsi "buck, he-goat." Found in Norway as both a personal name and a by-name from 1000 on. Recorded in Swedish runic inscriptions, and in both Swedish and Danish place-names. Runic examples include the nominative form brusi and the accusative form brusa. Anglo-Scandinavian forms occur in the place-names Brusegarth and Brosehou. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Brúsi; FJ pp. 67 s.n. Brúsi; NR s.n. Brúsi |
| Brýningr |
"Son of Brýni; son of Brúnn." Formed by adding the second element -ing to the by-name Brýni, "stubborn." Alternatively may be formed from Brúnn. Anglo-Scandinavian forms occur in the place-names Brennigston, Brinctun, Brinniston, Brinnistun, Brinigstun. |
FJ pp. 67 s.n. Brýningr |
| Brynjólfr, Brynjulfr |
The first element Bryn- (before a vowel Brynj-) is identical with Old Icelandic brynja, "corselet, mail-coat, byrnie," and often has a side-form of Brun- (see above). For the second element -ólfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms birynhiifR, brunulfR, bryniulfr, (b)[r]yniulfr and the accusative forms bryniulf, brynulfr. A diminuitive form of Brynjólfr is Brynki. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Brynjólfr; FJ pp. 67-68, 343, 351 s.n. Brynjulfr, Bryn-, -ulfr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; ; NR s.nn. BryniulfR/BrunulfR, Bryn(in)-, -ulfR |
| Brynki |
Diminuitive form of Brynjólfr. |
CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Bryti |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Bryti, occurring both as a personal name and as a by-name. From OW.Norse bryti "steward, bailiff." Found in the runic nominative form bruti. |
NR s.n. Bryti |
| Buði |
Occurs in Old Swedish as the personal name Bodhe and as the by-name Budhe. From OW.Norse boði "carrier, porter." As a personal name, Buði originates as a short form of Spiallbuði. Found in the runic nominative form [b]uþ[in]. |
NR s.nn. Buði, Spiallbuði |
| Buggi |
Originally a by-name. Fellows-Jensen has an etymology for this name of "fat man," while Nordisk runnamnslexikon relates this name to the Nynorsk word bugge "powerful man." Found in Old Danish as Buggi and in Old Swedish as Bugge, in both cases found both as a personal name and as a by-name. Occurs in OW.Norse as the by-name Buggi. A few late instances are found in Norway. Possible instances are also found in Denmark and Sweden. Found in the runic accusative case form [buka]. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bucca, Bugga, Bugge, and are found in the place-names Buichetorp, Buggerude, Bughetorp, Bugetorp. |
FJ p. 68 s.n. Buggi; NR s.n. Buggi |
| Búi |
Originally a by-name from Old Icelandic búa, "to dwell" hence "inhabitant." Found in rare instances in both Norway and Iceland as both a personal name and a by-name. Found in Denmark as Bo and in Latin forms Boecius, Boetius. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Búi; FJ pp. 68 s.n. Búi |
| Bukkr, Bukki |
Originally a by-name, "buck." Common in West Scandinavian as a by-name but also found there as a personal name. Found as a by-name in Denmark and Sweden. The form Bukki is found as a personal name in Danish but is a loan-word from Continental German bucco. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Buc, Buche, Bucca, Bugga. |
FJ pp. 68-69 s.n. Bukkr, Bukki |
| Buldi, Boldi |
Related to Old Swedish bulde, bolde "boil, abcess". Found in the runic nominative form bulti. The Old Danish byname Bolde is unrelated. |
NR s.nn. Buldi/Boldi |
| BúriR, BýriR |
Of uncertain etymology. Found in the runic accusative form buri. |
NR s.nn. BúriR/BýriR |
| Burr |
Found in OW.Norse as Borr or Burr, in the names of mythical or fictional characters. From OW.Norse burr "son." Runic examples include the nominative form buur (demon- or dwarf-name Bóurr) and the dative form buri (which may derive from OW.Norse *bor "hole" or OW.Norse burr "son"). |
NR s.n. Burr |
| Bursti |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Bursti |
| Buskr, Buski |
A hypothetical name-form. Originally a by-name related either to Modern Norwegian busk, "tuft" or the Shetland dialect word meaning "lump." Two late instances of Buskr are found in Norway. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Buschebi. |
FJ p. 69 s.n. *Buski |
| Butni, Botni |
Derived from OW.Norse botn "bottom." Found in the runic accusative form butna. |
NR s.nn. Butni/Botni |
| Bútr |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Bútr |
| Butraldi |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Butraldi |
| Býúlfr, Bjólfr |
"Bee wolf," a kenning for "honey thief" and thus a bear. This name is related to Old English Beowulf. For the second element -ólfr see above. The contracted form of this name is Býúlfr. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Cranebeinn |
A hypothetical form from a postulated hybrid by-name using Old English cran, "crane" and Old Icelandic beinn, "leg", similar to the Norwegian by-name Kábeinn, "jackdaw-leg". |
FJ pp. 70 s.n. *Cranebeinn |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Dáði |
A diminuitive derived from Davið, found as a name in an Icelandic colonist family from the British Isles in the 10th century. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dáði; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Dagfinnr |
The first element Dag- is from OW.Norse dagr, "day." For the second element -finnr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dagfinnr; FJ pp. 348 s.n. -finnr; CV pp. 94-95 s.v. dagr; NR s.n. DagR |
| Dagr |
From OW.Norse dagr, "day." Found in Old Danish as both a personal name and as a by-name in the form Dagh. Occurs in Old Swedish as Dagh and in OW.Norse as Dagr. Runic examples include the nominative form takh and the accusative form tak. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dagr; FJ p. 348 s.n. -dagr; CV pp. 94-95 s.v. dagr; NR s.n. DagR |
| Dagstyrr |
For the first element Dag- see above. The second element -styrr is from OW.Norse styrr "stir, noise, tumult, battle." |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dagstyrr; FJ p. 348 s.n. -dagr; CV pp. 94-95 s.v. dagr; NR s.nn. Dagr, Styrr, -styrr |
| Dagviðr |
Identical to Old Icelandic dagr, "day". For the second element -viðr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dagviðr; FJ pp. 348, 352 s.nn. -dagr, -viðr; CV pp. 94-95, 703-704 s.v. dagr, viðr; NR s.nn. Við-, -viðr |
| Dálkr |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Dálkr |
| Dalli |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Dalli |
| Danpr |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Danpr |
| Danr |
This name occurs in Old Swedish and Old Danish as Dan, and in OW.Norse as Danr. The name is identical with OW.Norse danr "Dane, Danish". Runic examples include the nominative form tan (8 instances), the genitive form tans, and the accusative form tan (5 instances). |
GB p. 9 s.n. Danr; NR s.n. DanR |
| Darri |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Darri |
| Davíð, Dávíð |
Christian, David. A diminuitive form of the name Davið is Dáði. |
GB p. 9 s.nn. Davíð, Dávíð; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| DiarfR |
Found in Old Swedish as Diærf and in Old Danish as the by-name Dierf. This name is derived from the OW.Norse adjective djarfr "bold, brave, daring, courageous." Runic examples include the nominative forms tiarfr, tiarfR, [tierfr], tihrfR, tirf(R), the genitive form terfs, and the accusative forms tia, [tierf]. |
CV p. 100 s.v. djarfr; NR s.nn. DiarfR, -diarfR |
| Djúrgeirr, Diúrgeirr |
The first element DiúR- or Djúr- is from Old Norse *djúR (OW.Norse dýr) "beast." At times this element appears with the R-sound as DýR-. The understanding of the OW.Norse name-element Dýr- is divided, with some scholars thinking that it comes from dýr "beast" while others see the origin in the adjective dýrr "dear, expensive, valuable, precious." For the second element -geirr see above. Found in the runic accusative form t=riuRkaiR. The name DiúRi may be a short form of names in DiúR-. |
FJ pp. 343, 349 s.nn. Geir-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. DiúRgæiRR, DiúR-, DiúRi, -gæiRR |
| Djúri, DiúRi |
Found in Old Danish as the by-name Diuri and in Old Swedish as the by-name Diure. Derived from OW.Norse dýr (from *diúR) "beast". The Runic Swedish name may be from a short form of names in DiúR-. Runic examples include the nominative forms tiori, tiuRi, the genitive form tiuRa and the accusative forms [tiura], tiuRo. |
NR s.n. DiúRi |
| Djúrvér, Diúrvér, Dýrvér |
For the first element DiúR- or Djúr- see above. For the second element -vér or -vir see above. Found in the runic genitive form tuR:uis. |
FJ p. 352 s.n. -vér; NR s.n. DiúRvéR/DýRvéR, DiúR-, -véR |
| Dofnakr |
Celtic |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dofnakr |
| Dolgfinnr, Dólgfinnr |
Perhaps originally an Anglo-Scandinavian by-name, possibly derived from the foreign word "dolphin" and possibly resulting from a folk-etymology process which made the name Dolg- and -finnr. For the second element -finnr see above. The only Scandinavian recording is in the name of the bishop of the Orkneys, 1286-1309. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Dolfin, Delfin. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dólgfinnr; FJ pp. 71-72, 348 s.n. Dolgfinnr, -finnr |
| Dómaldi |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Dómaldi |
| Dómari |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Domare. From OW.Norse dómari "judge." Occurs in the runic accusative form tumara. |
NR s.n. Dómari |
| Dómárr |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Dómárr |
| Dómi |
Of uncertain etymology. Found in Old Swedish as Dome. Also occurs in Old Danish as the by-name Dome, where it is thought to be of Low German origin. May occur in the runic nominative and form tumi, although these inscriptions may instead represent the names Tómi, Túmi or Tummi. |
NR s.n. Dómi |
| Domnall |
Celtic name. Found in the runic nominative form tomnal. |
NR s.n. Domnall |
| Dorruðr |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Dorruðr |
| Dóti |
Of uncertain etymology. Found in the runic accusative form tuta, which may instead represent the names Tóti or Totti. |
NR s.n. Dóti |
| Drafli |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Drafli |
| Dragmáll |
From the OW.Norse adjective dragmáll "drawling." Found in some Danish place-names. Found in a Swedish runic inscription in the accusative case as trakmal. Found as a Scandinavian name in England: Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Dragmal, Dragmel; NR s.n. Dragmáll |
FJ pp. 72 s.n. Dragmáll |
| Drengi |
Occurs in Old Swedish as the personal name and by-name Drænge. This name is from OW.Norse drengr "young man, brave man, warrior." Found in the runic nominative form [treke]. |
FJ pp. 72 s.n. Drengr; NR s.n. Drængi, DrængR |
| Drengr |
Found in Old Danish as Dreng, in Old Swedish as Dræng, and in OW.Norse as Drengr; in all locations it occurs as both a personal name and as a by-name. Common in West Scandinavia from the 1300s onward. From OW.Norse drengr "young man; brave man, warrior." Found in the runic accusative form (t)rik. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Dreing, Dreng. |
FJ pp. 72 s.n. Drengr; NR s.n. Drengr |
| Drjúgr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation which may be derived originally from a by-name meaning, "substantial, lasting." Or it may be a loan from the Continental Germanic name Drugo, Drogo. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Dristorp, Dreistorp, Dreuistorp, Struttorp. |
FJ pp. 73 s.n. *Drjúgr |
| Drómundr |
Anglo-Scandinavian name. Originally a by-name meaning a type of ship. A single instance is recorded from West Scandinavia. Anglo-Scandinavian forms occur in the place-names Dragmalebi, Tromundesbi, Dromundby. |
FJ pp. 73 s.n. Drómundr |
| Drósbói |
Found in Old Swedish as both a personal name and as a by-name, Drosbo. If this actually represents a compound name, the first element Drós- may be related to the OW.Norse noun drós "woman," or the Norwegian dialect word dros "heavy, plump person," combined with a second element from OW.Norse búi "yeoman, farmer, land-owner." Alternatively, this may represent the masculine name Bói used with a prefixed by-name. Runic examples include the nominative forms drosboi, trusboi. |
NR s.n. Drósbói/Drós-Bói, Bói |
| Druian |
Celtic name. Occurs in the runic nominative form [t]ruian. |
NR s.n. Druian |
| Dúði |
Probably related to the Swedish personal name Dudo. An Anglo-Scandinavian form appears in the place-name Doutheburghe. |
FJ pp. 73 s.n. Dúði |
| Dúfa |
Originally a by-name meaning "dove." A few instances appear in West Scandinavia. Also found as the name of a mythological female. Very common as a by-name in Denmark. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Duue. |
FJ pp. 73 s.n. Dúfa |
| Dufan |
Celtic |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dufan |
| Dufgall |
Celtic name. Runic examples include the genitive case forms tufkals, [t]u(f)kals. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dufgall; NR s.n. Dufgall |
| Dufgúss |
Celtic |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dufgúss |
| Dufnall |
Celtic |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dufnall |
| Dufniall |
Celtic |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dufniall |
| Dufþakr |
Celtic |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dufþakr |
| Dugfúss |
Celtic |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dugfúss |
| Dungaðr |
Celtic |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dungaðr |
| Dungall |
Celtic |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dungall |
| Dunkr |
Originally a by-name related to the Norwegian dialect term dunk, "noisy blow" and Old Icelandic dynkr, "crashing noise, din." Found once in West Scandinavia in 1342. An Anglo-Scandinavian instance appears in the place-name Dunchecroft. |
FJ p. 74 s.n. Dunkr |
| Dúsi |
Originally a by-name meaning, "the calm." Possibly also found in a few Danish place-names. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Dusebi and Dousedale. |
FJ p. 74 s.n. Dúsi |
| Dyggvi |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Dyggvi |
| Dýrbjǫrn |
Found in the Latinized Old Swedish names Dyrbernus, Durbernus. For the first element Dýr- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. May occur in the runic nominative form tur...rn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.n. Dýrbiǫrn, DiúR-, -biǫrn, Bjarni |
| Dýri |
Found in Old Danish as Dyri, in Old Swedish as Dyre, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Dýri. This name may be derived from Old Norse *djúR (OW.Norse dýr) "beast" or alternatively from the OW.Norse name DiúRi. It may also instead be formed from the OW.Norse adjective dýrr "dear, expensive." Runic examples include the nominative form [turi] and the accusative form [tiura]. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Dýri; NR s.n. Dýri, DiúR- |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Edmundr |
For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Edmundr; FJ pp. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. -mundr, Mundi |
| Eðvarðr |
For the second element -varðr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eðvarðr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -varðr; CV p. 722 s.v. vorðr |
| Efi |
Found in Old Danish as Evi. Corresponds to Old Saxon Evo, a short form of names in Eb- (which derive from *Ebura-). Runic examples include the nominative forms efi, [ifi]. |
NR s.n. Efi |
| Egill |
From the Primitive Scandinavian *agilaR, related to Old Icelandic agi, "awe, terror." Found from the settlement of Iceland and throughout the whole period in Norway and Iceland. A few instances occur in Denmark as well. Anglo-Scandinavian forms occur in the place-names Eylscroft, Elsho, Neleshou, Eyleshou. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Egill; FJ pp. 74, 342 |
| Eiðr |
Identical to the Old Icelandic eiðr, "oath". Found as a proper name in Landnámabók. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eiðr; CV pp. 117 s.v. eiðr |
| Eileifr, Eiláfr |
The first element Ei- or Ein- comes from *aina, "one, alone, single." For the second element -leifr see above. Fairly common in Norway after 1270. Found in a Danish runic inscription as ailaif and frequently in other Danish sources, also appearing as Latin Elevus, Elauus. Also found in some Swedish runic inscriptions. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Elaf, Eilaf, Ailof, Áilaf, Ailef. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eileifr; FJ pp. 74-75, 343, 350 s.nn. Eileifr. Eiláfr, Ei-, Ein-, -leifr; CV p. 381 s.v. leif |
| Eilífr |
For the first element Ei- or Ein- see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eilífr; FJ pp. 74-75, 343 s.nn. Eileifr, Eiláfr, Ei-, Ein- |
| Einarr |
For the first element Ei- or Ein- see above. For the second element -arr see above. The name comes from *Aina-harjaR and is directly related to einherjar, the word for the warriors in Valholl. One of the most common names in Iceland and Norway from the earliest times. Also found in Denmark as the runic inscriptions æinar, ennar and in Danish Latin sources as Enarus. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Ainar, Eineri. The name Einarr occurs in many sagas. Landnámabók lists several men named Einarr, including Einarr Kleppsson ch. 15; Einarr Teitsson ch. 24; Einarr Sigmundarson (Lón-Einarr, Einarr from Lónland) ch. 28; Einarr skálaglamm ("tinkle-scales, concerned with hard cash") ch. 32; Einarr Óspaksson ch. 32; Einarr Ketilsson ch. 38; Einarr Knjúksson ch. 46; Einarr Helguson ch. 70; Einarr Kónalsson ch. 73; Torf-Einarr jarl (an earl or chieftain) ch. 74; Einarr Rognvaldsson jarls (son of Jarl Rognvaldr) ch. 74; Einar Bergþórsson ch. 75; Einarr Magnússon ch. 83; Einarr Guðrúnarson ch. 84 (this is a matronymic, he is known by his mother's name); Einar Steinólfsson ch. 98, etc. Einars þáttr Skúlasonar has the title character, Einarr Skúlason. He is also mentioned in Magnúss saga blinda og Haralds gilla. Þórsteins þáttr Síðu-Hallssonar has Einarr Þórsteinsson. Þorsteins saga hvíta has Einarr Þórisson. Sneglu-Halla þáttr has Einarr fluga ("the murderer"). Grænlendinga þáttr has Einarr Sokkason. Hrafns þáttr Guðrúnarsonar has Einarr, a warrior of the local chieftain. Eiríks saga rauða and Bárðar Saga Snæfelsáss have Einarr Sigmundarson. Haralds saga gráfeldar has Einarr skálaglamm. Hrafnkels saga Freysgoða has Einarr Þórbjarnarson.
| GB p. 9 s.n. Einarr; FJ pp. 75, 343, 348 s.nn. Einarr, Ei-, Ein-, -arr; NR s.nn. -arr |
| Eindriði, Eindriðr |
Scholars are not certain what the derivation of the first element of this name is, but may come from the first element Ei- or Ein- (see above). The second element -riði is also of uncertain origin. The strong form Eindriðr is a secondary formation from the original name, Eindriði. There are a few early instances of the name in Iceland, and it is very common in Norway from the 900s onwards. The strong form first appeared in Norway ca. 1300. Found in a Swedish runic inscription, ainriþi. May appear in a couple of late instances in Denmark. Anglo-Scandinavian forms appear in the place-names Andrebi, Adredebi, Endrebi, Endretorp, Handerbi, Aiendrebi, Endreby, Enderby. |
GB p. 9; FJ pp. 75-76, 343, 350 s.nn. Eindriðr, Eindriðr, Ei-, Ein-, -riði |
| Eiríkr |
Found in Old Danish as Erik, Old Swedish Erik, OW.Norse Eiríkr. Scholars are not certain what the derivation of the first element of this name is, but may come from the first element Ei- or Ein- (see above), or alternately may derive from the form *aiwa, "always." For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. This name is very common throughout Scandinavia from the earliest times. Runic examples include the nominative forms airikr, (a)irikr, airikr, [ariki], genitive case Airikis, airikis, iriks, oiriks, the dative case form airiki and the accusative forms airik and erik. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Arich, Eriz, Eiric, Erich, Æiric, Airic and in the place-names Ayrykedene and Heyrikdene. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eiríkr; FJ pp. 76, 343, 350 s.n. Eiríkr, EI-, Ein-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.n. ÆiríkR, Æi-, RíkR, -ríkR |
| Eitri |
Originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic eitr, "poison." It is found as a name of one of the dwarves in the Poetic Edda. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Eterstorp. |
FJ pp. 76 s.n. Eitri |
| Ekkill |
Originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic ekkill, "widower." It is found as the name of a sea-king in the Poetic Edda, and also appears in the name of the island Ekilsøy. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Inkell, Inchel, Inkle. |
FJ pp. 76-77 s.n. Ekkill |
| Eldgrímr |
The first element Eld- is from OW.Norse eldr "fire." For the second element -grímr see above. A short form of names in Eld- is Éldi. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eldgrímr; FJ pp. 349 s.n. -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. Éldi, -grímR |
| Éldi |
A short form of names in Eld-. From OW.Norse eldr "fire", as in OW.Norse Eldgrímr, Eldríðr, and Old Swedish Eldridh. Occurs in the runic genitive case form ilta. |
NR s.nn. Éldi, -grímR |
| Eldjárn |
For the first element Eld- see above. The second element -járn is identical with Old Icelandic járn, "iron". A short form of names in Eld- is Éldi. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eldjárn; CV pp. 325 s.v. járn; NR s.n. Éldi |
| Elfráðr |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Elfráðr |
| Elliðagrímr |
For the second element -grímr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Elliðagrímr; FJ pp. 349 s.n. -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.n. -grímR |
| Emundi, Emundr |
For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 9 s.nn. Emundi, Emundr; FJ pp. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. -mundr, Mundi |
| Endriði |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Endriði |
| Eringísl |
For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Found in Old Swedish Ærnils, Eringisl, Æringisl and possibly Arnels and in OW.Norse as Eringísl. Runic examples include the nominative form ernkisl and the accusative forms arnkisl, aurnisl, ernisl. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
FJ pp. 342, 349 s.n. Arn-, -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Arn-/Ærn(g)ísl, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Erlendr |
Found in Old Danish as Erland, in Old Swedish as Ærland, and in OW.Norse as Erlendr. Usually interpreted as being formed from the OW.Norse adjective erlendr, ørlendr (from Germanic *uzlandia-) "from a strange land, foreigner." Several other explanations are possible: the name could be derived from the word jarl and thus related to ErlingR; the first element Er- or Ær- may be from Primitive Scandinavian *harja- "host, army" or *arja- "distinguished, foremost." Runic examples include the nominative form arlantr[il(o)ns]. A diminuitive form of Erlendr is Erli. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Erlendr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; NR s.n. Erlændr, Ærlændr |
| Erli |
Diminuitive form of Erlendr. |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| ErlingR |
Found in Old Swedish as Ærling and in OW.Norse as Erlingr. This name is derived from OW.Norse jarl ("chieftain, earl"), which in turn comes from *erlaR with a meaning of "son or descendant of a jarl." May also be considered a loan-word from the Continent. Occurs in the runic accusative case form arlik. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Erlingr; NR s.n. ErlingR |
| Erpr |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Erpr |
| Evangr |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Evangr |
| Eyarr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Øiar and in OW.Norse as Eyarr. The first element Ey- (or before a vowel, Eyj-) is from Primitive Scandinavian *awió "island" or auja "happiness, luck, (luck) giver," or perhaps from the adverb *aiwa "always". For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms ayar, yar, the genitive form auars and the accusative form [auar]. |
NR s.nn. Øyarr, Øy-, -arr |
| Eybjǫrn |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms aubiarn, aybiarn, aybirn, eubern, the genitive form aubiarnaR and the accusative form hybiarn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Øybiǫrn, Øy-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Eyfrøðr |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -frøðr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eyfrøðr; FJ pp. 343, 348 s.n. Ey-, -frøðr; NR s.nn. Øy- |
| Eygautr |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -gautr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms augutr, a(u)(k)(a)utr and the accusative form (a)ukut. |
NR s.nn. Øygautr, Øy-, -gautr |
| Eyguti |
Found in Old Danish as Øgoti. For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -guti see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form [aukuta]. |
NR s.nn. Øyguti, Øy-, -guti, -gautr |
| Eygeirr |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms aykaiR, ayka-R and the genitive form (a)ukis. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. ØygæiRR, Øy-, -gæiRR |
| Eyjarr |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -arr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eyjarr; FJ pp. 343, 348 s.n. Ey-, -arr; NR s.nn. Øy-, -arr |
| Eyjólfr |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. This name is frequent in Iceland from the 900s onward, although less common in Norway. Found in Old Swedish as Øiolf and in OW.Norse as Eyjólfr. Runic examples include the nominative forms aulfr, ayulf- and the accusative form ayulf. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Aiulf. A diminuitive form of Eyjólfr is Eyvi. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eyjólfr; FJ pp. 77, 343, 351 s.n. Eyjulfr, Ey-, -ulfr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. ØyulfR, Øy-, -ulfR |
| Eykell |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. Runic examples include the runic accusative forms aukil, eykil. |
FJ pp. 343, 349 s.n. Ey-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Øykæll, Øy-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Eykr |
Originally a by-name in West Scandinavia meaning "beast of burden, horse." Anglo-Scandinavian forms include the Latinized Aichus. |
FJ p. 77 s.n. Eykr |
| EylakR, ØylakR |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -lakR see above. Found in the runic nominative form aulakR. A short form of names in -leikr is Leikr. |
FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Ey-, -leikr; CV pp. 382-383 s.v. leika, leikr; NR s.nn. ØylakR, Øy-, -læikR/-lakR |
| EyleifR, ØylæifR |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. Found in Old Swedish as Ølaf. For the second element -leifr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form yla[if]. |
FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Ey-, -leifr; CV p. 381 s.v. leif; NR s.nn. ØylæifR, Øy-, -læifR/-lafR |
| Eylaugr |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -laugr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eylaugr; FJ pp. 343, 350 s.n. Ey-, -laugr; CV pp. 374 s.v. laug def. IV; NR s.nn. Øy-, -laugR |
| Eymundr |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Found frequently in Norway from the 900s onward, less common in Iceland. Appears several times in Denmark in Old Danish as Ømund. Also occurs as Ømund in Old Swedish, and in OW.Norse it appears as Eymundr. Runic examples include the accusative forms eumunt, ymut. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Aimundrebi, Edmundrebia, Eimundrebi. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eymundr; FJ pp. 77-78, 343, 350 s.nn. Eymundr, Ey-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Øymundr, Øy-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Eyniútr, Øyniútr |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -niútr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [eun:iutr], oyniotr. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Ey-; CV p. 456 s.v. njóta; NR s.nn. Øyniútr, Øy-, -niútr |
| EyríkR, ØyríkR |
Found in the Latinized Old Swedish forms Øricus and Orikus. For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [aRrukr], aurik, aurikr, au(r)(in)(k)r, the dative form auriki and the accusative form urik. |
FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Ey-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. ØyríkR, Øy-, -ríkR |
| Eysteinn |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Found in Norway from 700s and common throughout the whole period. The name was borne by one of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn but gradually fell out of use in Iceland. Found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish as Østen, occurs in OW.Norse as Eysteinn. Runic examples include the nominative forms [aistin], austaen, austain (4 instances), [austain]+, a:ustain, austin, [austin], aystain (4 instances), [aystain], aystin (5 instances), [aystin], [eystin], istain, iystin, ustain, [ystain], ystin, the genitive forms austains, istin[s], ystis, and the accusative forms aistin, aisti[n], austain, austnin, aystain, aysti[(n)], ay(s)-(a)in, eystain, eystei-, istin, iystin, nus(t)in, [ustin], [ustn], ystain, ystin. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eysteinn; FJ pp. 78, 343, 351 s.nn. Eysteinn, Ey-, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Øystæinn, Øy-, -stæinn |
| Eyvendill |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eyvendill; FJ p. 343 s.n. Ey-; NR s.n. Øy- |
| Eyvi |
Diminuitive form of Eyjólfr. |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Eyvindr |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -undr or -vindr see above. Found in Old Danish as Ewind or Ønder, in Old Swedish as Øvind or Ønd, and in OW.Norse as Eyvindr. Runic examples include the nominative forms aRintr, auintr, [auintr], [aui(t)r], auntr, autr, ayintr, ayiti, aytr, out[r], (o)utr, uintR, uitr (4 instances), yntr, the genitive forms iuintaR, [uiRtnr], and the accusative forms [akn-], auint, [auit], aunt, ayt, euit, oitr, ouint, uint, uit, uuit. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eyvindr; FJ pp. 343, 352 s.nn. Ey-, -vindr; NR s.nn. Øy(vi)ndr, Øy-, -undr/-vindr |
| Eyþjófr |
For the first element Ey- or Eyj- see above. For the second element -þjófr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Eyþjófr; FJ pp. 343, 351 s.nn. Ey-, -þjófr; NR s.n. Øy- |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Faði |
Of uncertain etymology, may be a pet-name. The name is found in Denmark as the name of a coin-master in the form Fati. Runic examples include the nominative forms faþi. |
NR s.n. Faði |
| Faddi |
Originally a by-name from a diminuitive or pet-name for "father." Found in Norway in the late 1300s. May appear in a Danish place name. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Fademor, Faddemor. |
FJ pp. 78 s.n. Faddi |
| Faðir |
Found in Old Danish as the by-name Fathir and in Old Swedish as the by-name Fadhir. Appears in OW.Norse in the Eddaic poem Rigsþula, also once as a by-name. Originally a by-name from OW.Norse faðir "father." Runic examples include the nominative form faþiR and the accusative form faþur. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Fader. |
FJ pp. 79 s.n. Faðir; NR s.n. FaðiR |
| Fæitr |
Found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish as the by-name Fet. From the OW.Norse adjective feitr "fat." Occurs in the runic nominative form (f)iatr. |
NR s.n. Fæitr |
| Faksi |
Originally a by-name, "man," with a few early instances in Norway as a personal name and later as a by-name. Some instances may reflect the horse-name. The name also occurs in Denmark. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Flaxflet, Faxflet. |
FJ pp. 79 s.n. Faksi |
| Falgeirr |
For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Falgeirr; FJ pp. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Fálki |
From the Latin falco, "falcon." |
GB p. 9 s.n. Fálki |
| Faraldr |
The first element Far- is from the present stem of the OW.Norse verb fara "to go, to travel," and is related to Old Icelandic far, "ship, passage." For the second element -valdr see above. A short form of names in Far- or -fari is Fari. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Faraldr; FJ pp. 79, 343, 351 s.nn. Faraldr, Far-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Far-, -valdr |
| Farbjǫrn |
For the first element Far- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Found in Old Swedish as Farbiorn. Runic examples include the nominative forms farbiurn, farborn, far(e)biarn. A short form of names in Far- or -fari is Fari. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 343, 348 s.n. Far-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Farbiǫrn, Far-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Fargrímr |
An Anglo-Scandinavian formation, appearing as Fargrim. For the first element Far- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. A short form of names in Far- or -fari is Fari. |
FJ pp. 79, 343, 349 s.nn. *Fargrímr, Far-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. Far-, -grímR |
| Fari |
A short form of names in Far- or -fari. Runic examples include the accusative case forms fara and faua. |
NR s.nn. Fari, Far-, -fari |
| Farmann |
For the first element Far- see above. Originally a by-name, from OW.Norse farmaðr "wayfarer, traveler, merchant." Found in Old Danish as Farman, in Old Swedish as the by-name Farman, and in OW.Norse found both as the name Farmann and as the by-name Farmaðr. A few late instances occur in Norway. Circa 1000 a moneyer from Dublin bore the name Farman. Occurs in the runic nominative form farmaþr. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Farman and are found in the place-names Farmanesbi, Farmanebi, Faremancrof. A short form of names in Far- or -fari is Fari. |
FJ pp. 79-80, 343 s.nn. Farmann, Far-; NR s.nn. Farmaðr, Far- |
| Farþegn |
From *farþegn "traveler, merchant." For the first element Far- see above. The second element -þegn is related to OW.Norse þegn "thegn, free man, liegeman." Found late in West Scandinavia and in Denmark and Sweden. Found in Old Danish as Farthin, in Old Swedish as Farthæghn, and in OW.Norse as Farþegn. Fellows-Jensen believes that this name is probably an Anglo-Scandinavian formation as it is most frequent in the Danelaw. Runic examples include the nominative forms farþaihn, fa[r]þ[in]k[l] and the accusative form [farþakn]. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Fardein, Farthain, Fardain, Faryem, Farðain, Fardan, Ferthing, Ferthig. A short form of names in Far- or -fari is Fari. |
FJ pp. 80, 343 s.nn. Farþegn, Far-; NR s.nn. Farþegn, Far- |
| Farulfr |
For the first element Far- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Found in Old Swedish as Farulf. Common in Sweden, but not found in Iceland, Norway or Denmark. Runic examples include the nominative forms [farulfi], farulfr, farulfuR, the genitive form farulfs and the accusative form farulf. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Farolf. A short form of names in Far- or -fari is Fari. |
FJ pp. 80, 343, 351 s.nn. Farulfr, Far-, -ulfr; NR s.nn. FarulfR, Far-, -ulfR |
| Fastaðr |
The first element Fast- is from the OW.Norse adjective fastr "firm, fast, strong." The second element -aðr is from proto-Scandinavian *-haþuR, related to OW.Norse hoð "fight." Found in the runic nominative form fas(t)aþr. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Fast-; NR s.nn. Fastaðr, Fast-, -aðr, Fasti |
| Fastarr |
For the first element Fast- see above. For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form fastar and the accusative form fastar. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ pp. 343, 348 s.nn. Fast-, -arr; NR s.nn. Fastarr, Fast-, -arr, Fasti |
| Fastbjǫrn |
For the first element Fast- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Found in Old Swedish as Fastbiorn. Runic examples include the nominative forms fastbiarn, fastbiurn, fa[s]tbiurn, and the accusative forms fastbiaurn, fastbiurn. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 343, 348 s.nn. Fast-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Fastbiǫrn, Fast-, -biǫrn, Fasti, Biarni |
| Fastgeir |
For the first element Fast- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Found in Old Swedish as Fastger. Runic examples include the nominative forms faskr, fastkair, fastkaiR, fastkeR, fstkir. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ pp. 343, 349 s.n. Fast-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. FastgæiRR, Fast-, -gæiRR, Fasti |
| Fasti |
A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr. Found in Old Danish as Fasti, in Old Swedish as Faste, and in OW.Norse as Fasti. Runic examples include the nominative forms fasti (9 instances), [fas](t)in and the accusative form fasta (7 instances). |
GB p. 9 s.n. Fasti; FJ pp. 343 s.n. Fast-; CV pp. 145 s.v. fastr; NR s.nn. Fasti, Fast-, -fasti |
| Fastmundr |
For the first element Fast- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. This name may be either Fastmundr or perhaps Vestmundr, as the accusative case runic inscription is ambiguous: ...as(t)munt. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Fast-; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Fastmundr, Fast-, -mundr, Fasti, Mundi, Vestmundr |
| Fastþegn |
For the first element Fast- see above. For the second element -þegn see above. Found in the runic nominative form fasþikn. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Fast; NR s.nn. Fastþegn, Fast-, -þegn, Fasti |
| Fastulfr |
For the first element Fast- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Fastulf, and in OW.Norse as Fastúlfr. Common in Swedish runic inscriptions, and the few instances in West Scandinavia are thought to have been Swedes. Also occurs in Danish inscriptions. Runic examples include the nominative forms fastulfr (8 instances), fastulfR (4 instances), and in the accusative form fastulf (5 instances). Circa 995 a moneyer from Dublin bore the name Fastol or Fastolf. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Fastolf. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ pp. 80-81, 343, 351 s.nn. Fastulfr, Fast-, -ulfr; NR s.nn. FastulfR, Fast-, -ulfR, Fasti |
| Fati |
Found in Old Danish as Fathi. Corresponds to Old High German Fato. Runic examples include the nominative forms fati, fadi. |
NR s.n. Fati |
| Feggi |
Originally a by-name, "old man." Found in Danish legendary history and also in Danish sources from the 1400s. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Fegge, Fegga. |
FJ pp. 81 s.n. Feggi |
| Feigr |
An Anglo-Scandinavian formation, originally a by-name, "fated to die, death-bound." Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Fech, Feg, and occur in the place-names Fechesbi, Fegesargh Fehhesherge. |
FJ pp. 81 s.n. *Feigr |
| Feitr, Feiti |
Originally a by-name, "fat." The weak form Feiti is found in West Scandinavia. Fet is found as a by-name in Sweden. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Feiz, Fez, Foit. |
FJ pp. 81 s.n. Feitr |
| Félagi, Félagr |
Originally a by-name, "fellow, partner." Not found in West Scandinavia. The weak form Félagi is found in Sweden and the strong form Félagr occurs in a Danish patronymic. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Felgesclif. |
FJ pp. 81-82 s.nn. Félagi, Félagr |
| Fiak |
Celtic name, from Fíacc. Occurs in the runic accusative case form fiak. |
NR s.n. Fiak |
| Filippus, Philippus |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Filippus, and in OW.Norse as Philippus. Christian name; from the Latin form of Greek Phílippos. Occurs in the runic nominative form filibus. |
NR s.n. Filippus |
| Finnr, Fiðr, Finni |
The name Finnr and the related form Fiðr are from OW.Norse finnr "Sámi; Lapplander," and by extension came to mean "magician" as well, since the Finnar were all considered to be powerful magic workers. The name is very common throughout Scandinavia from very early onwards. Found in Old Danish as the personal name Fin and as a by-name, Find. Also found in Old Swedish as Fin, and in OW.Norse as Finnr or Fiðr. Runic examples include the nominative forms finr, fiþr and the accusative form fin. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Fin, Finni, Fyn. |
GB p. 9 s.nn. Finnr, Fiðr, Finni; FJ pp. 82, 348 s.nn. Finnr, -finnr; NR s.nn. Finnr/Fiðr, Finn- |
| Finnbjǫrn |
For the first element Finn- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Finnbjǫrn; FJ pp. 348 s.nn. -bj#491;rn, -finnr; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Finn-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Finnbogi |
For the first element Finn- see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Finnbogi; FJ pp. 348 s.n. -finnr; CV p. 72 s.v. bogi; NR s.nn. Finn- |
| Finngeirr |
For the first element Finn- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Finngeirr; FJ pp. 348, 349 s.nn. -finnr, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. Finn-, -gæiRR |
| Finnólfr |
For the first element Finn- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Found in Old Danish as Finulf and in OW.Norse as Finnólfr. Occurs in the runic genitive form finulfs. |
FJ pp. 348, 351 s.nn. -finnr, -ulfr; NR s.n. FinnulfR, Finn-, -ulfR |
| Finnvarðr |
For the first element Finn- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Finnvarðr; FJ pp. 348, 351 s.nn. -finnr, -varðr; CV p. 722 s.v. vorðr; NR s.n. Finn- |
| Finnviðr |
Found in Old Danish as Finwith, in Old Swedish as Finvidh, and in OW.Norse as Finnviðr. For the first element Finn- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms finiþr, finuiþr (5 instances), [finuiþr], finuiþrR, the genitive forms finuiþaR, finuþaR and the accusative form finuiþ. |
FJ pp. 348, 352 s.nn. -finnr, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Finnviðr, Finn-, -viðr |
| Fjallgeirr |
For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Fjallgeirr; FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Fjolmóðr |
Found in OW.Norse as the name of a fictional character, Fjolmóðr. Compare with the Continental Germanic feminine names Filomuot, Felemoda, and the masculine name Filimuth. The OW.Norse name may be interpreted as "courageous " (from fjol- "full-, exceedingly-" and móðr "emotional; courageous; wrathful"). In Runic Swedish this name may be understood as a variation of names formed with a second element in -móð or -móðr and a personal name element Fiol- corresponding to Continental Germanic names in Filu- (from Germanic *felu- "full-, exceedingly-"). Found in the runic accusative form fiul:muþ. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -móðr; NR s.nn. Fiolmóð(r) |
| Fjolvarr |
Found in OW.Norse as the name of a mythological character, Fjolvarr. From the OW.Norse adjective fjolvarr "very careful". Compare with the derivation of Modern Icelandic Fjolvar, which has its first element from fjol- "full-, exceedingly-", and the second element -ar (-arr). In Runic Swedish this name may be understood as a form of or a variation of names formed with a second element in -varr. Runic examples include the nominative form fiuluar and the genitive form fiuluars. |
NR s.nn. Fiolvarr, -arr |
| Flæmingr |
Originally a by-name indicating a man from Flanders. Frequent as a by-name in Norway. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Flemeng. |
FJ pp. 83 s.n. Flæmingr |
| Fleinn |
Originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic fleinn "pike, shaft", or to Modern Norwegian flein, "the grinning one and may have the sense of "sharp-tongued man." A few instances are recorded in West Scandinavia as both a personal name and as a by-name. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Flain, Flane. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Fleinn; FJ pp. 82-83 s.n. Fleinn |
| Flík, Flikkr |
Originally a by-name, perhaps related to Old Icelandic flík, "tatter," which may have the sense of "gaping wound." Occurs in Denmark as Flik. Anglo-Scandinavian forms are found in the place-names Flichesburg, Fleustone, Flixton. |
FJ pp. 83 s.n. Flík, Flikkr |
| Flóki |
Originally a by-name, perhaps related to Modern Norwegian floke, "outspoken and enterprising man." Found in West Scandinavia as a personal name from the 800s on, soon dropped out of use in Norway except for a few instances as a by-name from the 900s. May occur in a Danish place name. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Flocheton, Floketun. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Flóki; FJ pp. 83 s.n. Flóki |
| Flosi |
|
GB p. 9 s.n. Flosi |
| Foli, Fóli |
Foli is originally a by-name, "foal." Occurs a couple of times in West Scandinavia. Found in Denmark as both a by-name and as a personal name. The name Fóli is not found in Scandinavia but may originally be a by-name meaning "fool." Anglo-Scandinavian forms are found in the place-names Folesbi, Foletorp, Folebi. |
FJ pp. 84 s.n. Foli, *Fóli |
| Folkaðr |
The first element Folk- is from OW.Norse folk "people, group of people, a folk" perhaps meaning "warriors." For the second element -aðr see above. Found in the runic nominative form fulkahþr. A short form of masculine names in Folk- is Folki. |
NR s.nn. Folkaðr, Folk-, -aðr, Folki |
| Folkbjǫrn |
For the first element Folk- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms faylkbiurn, fulkbiurn and the accusative form fulkbiarn. A short form of masculine names in Folk- is Folki. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Folkbiǫrn, Folk-, -biǫrn, Biarni, Folki |
| Folkgeir |
May occur as Old Swedish Folkar. For the first element Folk- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form [fulkir]. A short form of masculine names in Folk- is Folki. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. FolkgæiRR, Folk-, Folki, -gæiRR |
| Fólki |
This name originated as a short form of names beginning in Folk-. For the first element Folk- see above. This name occurs in Old Danish as Folki, in Old Swedish as Folke, and in OW.Norse as Fólki. Runic examples include the nominative forms folki and fulkin. This name occurs in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Fulcheton, Folchetun, Fuchebruge, Fulkebrig, Fulkeholm, Folkerode. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Fólki; FJ p. 84 s.n. Fólki; NR s.n. Folki, Folk- |
| Folkmárr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Folkmar. For the first element Folk- see above. For the second element -marr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms fulkmar. A short form of masculine names in Folk- is Folki. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -márr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr; NR s.nn. Folkmarr, Folk-, Folki, -mærr |
| Folksteinn |
Found in Old Swedish as Folksten. For the first element Folk- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Found in the runic nominative form fulk(s)tin. A short form of masculine names in Folk- is Folki. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Folkstæinn, Folk-, Folki, -stæinn |
| Folkviðr |
Found in Old Swedish as Folkvidh and in OW.Norse as Fólkviðr. For the first element Folk- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Found in the runic nominative form fulkuiþr. A short form of masculine names in Folk- is Folki. |
FJ p. 352 s.n. -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Folkviðr, Folk-, Folki, -viðr |
| Forkunnr, Forkuðr, Forkundr |
Found in Old Swedish as Forkun. From the OW.Norse adjective *forkunnr "one who knows something in advance, far-sighted." Runic examples include the nominative forms forkuþr, [forku-r], furkuntr, furkuþr, [furkuþr]forkun. |
NR s.n. Forkunnr/-kuðr/-kundr |
| Forni |
Originally a by-name meaning "the old one" or "old-fashioned." Found in Iceland from the late 900s onward. Found only rarely and very late in Norway. Found in one Swedish place name and possibly some Danish place-names. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Forno, Forna, Forne, Forni, Forn. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Forni; FJ pp. 84-85 s.n. Forni |
| Forséall |
From the OW.Norse adjective forsjáll "careful, cautious". Found in the runic accusative case form forsihl. |
NR s.n. Forséall |
| Fostólfr |
For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Fostólfr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -ulfr |
| Fóthraðr |
Compounded from fót- "foot" and the OW.Norse adjective hraðr "fast, fleet, speedy." Found in the runic nominative case form futraþr. |
NR s.n. Fóthraðr |
| Fótr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Fot, and in OW.Norse as by-name Fótr from OW.Norse fótr "foot".Several instances in West Scandinavia. Recorded as the name of a Swedish rune-engraver. Runic examples include the nominative forms [fair], fotr (6 instances), [futr], the genitive form fots and the accusative form fut. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Fod, Fot and appear in the place-names Fdrebi, Fodrebi, Fotrebi, Foztune, Fodstone, Fotston. |
FJ pp. 85 s.n. Fótr; NR s.n. Fótr |
| Frakki |
Found in OW.Norse as Frakki, and in both Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Frakke. Formed from the OW.Norse adjective frakkr (from *frank-) "unafraid, courageous." Occurs in the runic accusative case form fro(k)(a). |
NR s.n. Frakki |
| Fráni |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation, possibly originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic fránn, "gleaming, flashing." Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Frane. |
FJ pp. 85-86 s.n. *Fráni |
| Freistingr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation, possibly originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic freista, "tempt, make trial," hence "the venturesome one." Anglo-Scandinavian forms may include Freistin, Fraisting, or these may be derived from Freysteinn. |
FJ pp. 86 s.n. *Freistingr |
| Freybjǫrn |
The first element Frey comes from Primitive Scandinavian *fraujaR "lord." As with other words in the Scandinavian languages, this word became a god's name (OW.Norse Freyr: Old Danish and Old Swedish Frø). As a personal name-element, Frey- means in part "lord," but also signifies the god. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Found in Old Swedish as Frøbiorn and in OW.Norse as Freybjǫrn. Runic examples include the nominative forms fraibiarn, fraubiarn, fraybiarn, fraybiurn, frebiurn, freybiurn, f(r)(y)biorn and the accusative form frabiorn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 343, 348 s.nn. Frey-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Frøybiǫrn, Frøy-, -biǫrn |
| Freygeirr |
Found in Old Swedish as Frøger. For the first element Frey- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms faraukiR, fraikaiR, fraykaiR, the genitive forms frekis, frihas, frikis, the dative form fraukiRi and the accusative forms faruki, [fraukiR], frikiR, fryke. |
FJ pp. 343, 349 s.nn. Frey-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. FrøygæiRR, Frøy-, -gæiRR |
| FreyríkR |
For the first element Frey- see above. For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. Occurs in the Latinized Old Swedish Frøricus. Found in the runic nominative form fryrikr. |
FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Frey-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. FrøyríkR, Frøy-, -ríkR |
| Freysteinn |
For the first element Frey- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Found in OW.Norse as Freysteinn. Borne by one of the Landnámamenn in Iceland, with a few later instances in West Scandinavia. Later Danish and Swedish instances in Old Danish and Old Swedish have Frøsten. Runic examples include the nominative forms [foraystain], frau:stain So232, fraustin, fraystain, fraystin, fresþen, freystin, frkstin, frustin, [frustin], frystain, frysten, frystin, [frystin], the genitive form fristns and the accusative forms firist(in)n, fraistain, fraitRn, [fraustain], fraystain, frayst[ain], [frustain], frustin, frystin. Anglo-Scandinavian forms may include Freistin, Fraisting, or these may be derived from Freistingr. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Freysteinn; FJ pp. 86, 343, 351 s.nn. Freysteinn, Frey-, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. Frøystæinn, Frøy-, -stæinn |
| Freyviðr |
For the first element Frey- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Freyviðr; FJ pp. 343, 352 s.nn. Frey-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Frøy-, Við-, -viðr |
| Friðbjǫrn |
The first element Frið- is from OW.Norse friðr, which in turn comes from Primitive Scandinavian *friðuR, "love, peace." As a name-element, this may have the sense of "protection, defense." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Found in Old Danish as Frithbiorn. A short form for masculine names in Frið-, -freðr is Friði. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Occurs in the runic accusative form friþ:beon. |
FJ pp. 343, 348 s.nn. Frið-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Friðbiǫrn, Frið-, Friði/Freði, -biǫrn |
| Friðgeirr |
For the first element Frið- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Found in Old Danish as Frithger, in Old Swedish as Fridhger, and in OW.Norse as Friðgeirr. Occurs in the runic nominative form [in-l]þki[R]. A short form for masculine names in Frið-, -freðr is Friði. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Friðgeirr; FJ pp. 343, 349 s.nn. Frið-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. FriðgæiRR, Frið-, Friði/Freði, -gæiRR |
| Friðgestr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian name. For the first element Frið- see above. The second element -gestr is derived from *gastiR, "guest." This name is not found in West Scandinavia. A Fredegæst is found in a Danish source from 1419. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Fredegest, Friguist, Fredgist, Frithegist. A short form for masculine names in Frið-, -freðr is Friði. |
FJ pp. 86, 343, 349 s.nn. *Friðgestr, Frið-, -gestr; NR s.nn. Frið-, Friði/Freði |
| Friði |
A short form for masculine names in Frið-, -freðr. For the first element Frið- see above. Found in Old Danish as Frethi and in Old Swedish as Fridhi. Runic examples include the nominative forms fraþi, friþi and the accusative form froþa. Anglo-Scandinavian forms appear in the place-names Frideton, Fritun, Fryton, Fritheby, Fredebi. |
FJ pp. 86-87, 343 s.nn. Friði, Frið-; NR s.nn. Friði/Freði, Frið- |
| Friðleifr |
For the first element Frið- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. Found in Old Danish as Frithlef and in OW.Norse as Friðleifr. occurs in the runic genitive form fri(l)ifs. A short form for masculine names in Frið-, -freðr is Friði. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Friðleifr; FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Frið-, -leifr; CV p. 381 s.v. leif; NR s.nn. FriðlæifR, Friði/Freði, Frið-, -læifR |
| Friðmundr |
For the first element Frið- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Found in Old Swedish as Fridhmund and in OW.Norse as Friðmundr. Occurs in the runic nominative form [friþ(m)un-r]. A short form for masculine names in Frið-, -freðr is Friði. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Friðmundr; FJ pp. 343, 350 s.n. Frið-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Friðmundr, Frið-, Friði/Freði, -mundr, Mundi |
| Friðrekr |
For the first element Frið- see above. For the second element -rekr see above. A short form for masculine names in Frið-, -freðr is Friði. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Friðrekr; FJ pp. 343, 350 s.n. Frið-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. Frið-, Friði/Freði, RíkR, -ríkR |
| FriðulfR, FreðulfR |
For the first element Frið- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Thought to occur in Old Swedish as *Fridhulf. Occurs in the runic accusative form fraþulf. A short form for masculine names in Frið-, -freðr is Friði. |
FJ pp. 343, 351 s.nn. Frið-, -ulfr; NR s.n. FriðulfR, Frið-, Friði/Freði, -ulfR |
| Friðþjófr |
For the first element Frið- see above. For the second element -þjófr see above. A short form for masculine names in Frið-, -freðr is Friði. |
GB p. 9 s.n. Friþjófr; FJ pp. 343, 351 s.n. Frið-, -þjófr; NR s.n. Frið-, Friði/Freði, -ulfR |
| FríiR, FiriR |
Of uncertain etymology. Several proposed interpretations are given. Occurs in the runic accusative case form firi. |
NR s.n. FríiR(?), FiriR(?) |
| Frírekr |
For the second element -rekr see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Frírekr; FJ pp. 350 s.n. ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Fróði |
Originally a by-name, "the wise one." Probably a Danish personal name, very common in Denmark and found in Old Danish as Frothi. Occasionally found in Sweden, where it occurs in Old Swedish as both the name and the by-name Frodhe. Found rarely in Norway and very rare in Iceland, occurring in OW.Norse as the name and by-name Fróði. From the OW.Norse adjective fróðr "wise, learned". Runic examples include the nominative form fruþi and the accusative form fruþa. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Frode. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Fróði; FJ pp. 87 s.n. Fróði; NR s.n. Fróði |
| Frøkn |
From the OW.Norse adjective frœkn "courageous, bold, brave, daring." Runic examples include the genitive form froknaR and the accusative form frokn. |
NR s.n. Frøkn |
| Frosti |
Originally a by-name from Old Icelandic frost, "frost." Occurs in West Scandinavia as the name of fictional characters, for example, in ch. 6 of Þorsteins þáttr bæjarmagns, or in ch. 12 of Sturlaugs saga starfsama, and in a few place-names in Norway. Found as both a name and a by-name in Old Danish as Frosti, in Old Swedish as Froste and in OW.Norse as the fictional character Frosti. Derived from OW.Norse frost "frost". Runic examples include the nominative form frusti and the accusative forms frusta, [frusta], furusta. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Frost, Froste. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Frosti; FJ pp. 87 s.n. Frosti; NR s.n. Frosti |
| Frostulfr |
For the first element Frost- see above. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Frostolcroft. |
FJ pp. 88, 343, 351 s.nn. *Frostulfr, Frost-, -ulfr |
| Fugl |
Originally a by-name derived from OW.Norse fugl "fowl, bird." Found once as a personal name in West Scandinavia in Norway for a man from the Orkneys, ca. 1150, with additional instances as a by-name. Also found in Denmark and Sweden. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Fugel, Fughel, Fugell. |
FJ pp. 88 s.n. Fugl |
| Fugli |
Found in Old Swedish as Fughle, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Fugli. Derived from OW.Norse fugl "fowl, bird." In Old Swedish and OW.Norse this element may also represent place-names in *Fugla-. Occurs in the runic accusative form fukla. |
NR s.n. Fugli |
| Fuldarr |
Occurs as a Scandinavian name in England. The first element Fuld- is from OW.Norse fold "plain, land," found in the OH.Germ. first element Fuld- and the Old English first element Fold-, and also appears in the OW.Norse feminine name Foldheiðr. For the second element -arr see above. Occurs in the runic genitive form fultars. |
NR s.n. Fuldarr |
| Fúll, Fullr, Fyl |
It is not certain what name is intended by the runic evidence, from which we have the runic accusative form ful. The first possibility would be Fúll, which may possibly be found in Old Danish as the by-name Ful and as a name probably originates as a by-name from the OW.Norse adjective fúll "foul, nasty, rotten, stinking." The second possibility may be that the name being shown is Fullr, from the OW.Norse adjective fullr "full." The third possibility is that the inscription represents the name Fyl, from OW.Norse fyl "foal, young horse". |
NR s.nn. Fúll, Fullr, Fyl |
| Fullhugi, Fullugi |
Found in Old Swedish as Fullughe. From OW.Norse fullhugi "he who is full, with a brave mind." Runic examples include the nominative forms fuilhR, fulugi, fuluhi (4 instances), [fuluhi], fuluik, f[uluiki], fuluki (4 instances), [fuluki], fulukui, fulyki and the accusative form fuluka. |
NR s.n. Full(h)ugi |
| FúlniR |
This name is found in OW.Norse as Fúlnir, a name from mythology. It is derived from the OW.Norse adjective fúll "foul, nasty, rotten, stinking." Occurs in the runic accusative case form fu(l)n(e). |
NR s.n. FúlniR |
| Fundinn |
Found in Old Swedish as Fundin, in Old Danish as the by-name Fundin, and in OW.Norse as Fundinn as both a personal name and as a by-name. From OW.Norse fundinn "foundling." Runic examples include the nominative forms funtin, futan, futin and the accusative form futin. |
NR s.n. Fundinn |
| Fúsi |
A diminuitive form of Vígfúss. |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Fux, Fox |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Fux and in OW.Norse as the by-name Fox (etymology uncertain). From a word corresponding to Swedish fux and German Fuchs "fox." Occurs in the runic nominative form fuks. |
NR s.n. Fux |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Gaddi |
This name is found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish in the form Gadde as both a personal name and as a by-name. Derived from OW.Norse gaddr "spike, point." This name may occur in the runic accusative form kata, but this inscription might instead represent the name Káti. |
NR s.n. Gaddi |
| GælfR |
Contracted form of Geirulfr or GeirleifR. Runic examples include the genitive case form kilfs and the accusative case form kilf. |
NR s.n. GælfR |
| GæslingR |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Gæsling, and in OW.Norse as by-name Gæslingr. From OW.Norse *gæslingr (Old Swedish gæslinger) "gosling, baby goose". Occurs as a personal name in an accusative case form keslik in an inscription reading, "Tosti raised this stone in memory of Gæslingr, his father." |
NR s.n. GæslingR |
| Gagarr |
This name is found in OW.Norse as the by-name Gagarr. From OW.Norse gagarr "hound, dog." The runic evidence is not certain: the runic accusative case inscription kakr may represent Gagarr, GagR, KagR or KákR. |
NR s.n. Gagarr |
| Gagi |
This may be a weak form of of the name GagR. The runic evidence is not certain: the runic accusative case inscription g-ha may represent Gagarr, GagR, KagR or KákR. |
NR s.n. Gagi |
| GagR |
This name may be derived from an adjective identical to medieval Norwegian gag "bowed back, with head high and bowed back," or the Swedish dialect word gager "extravagant, thoughtless, rash, impudent." Runic examples include the nominative forms [kahu], kakr and the accusative forms kak, kakr. The runic evidence is not certain: the inscriptions may represent Gagarr, GagR, KagR or KákR. |
NR s.n. GagR |
| Galinn |
This name is found in Old Danish as the personal name Galin and in both Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Galen. Found in OW.Norse as the by-name Galinn. From OW.Norse galinn "bespelled, wild, crazy" (from the OW.Norse verb gala "to croak or chant magic songs"). Occurs in the runic nominative form [kalia]. |
NR s.n. Galinn |
| Galmann |
Originally a by-name, "mad-man." There are a few instances in West Scandinavia and in Denmark. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Galmanhó, Galmonelid. |
FJ pp. 89 s.n. Galmann |
| Galmr, Gálmr |
Originally a by-name related to the Swedish dialect verb galma, "to shriek." Borne by one of the Landnámamenn in Iceland and found as an element in two Norwegian place-names. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Galmeton, Galmethorp, Gameltorp. Galmeswad. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gálmr; FJ pp. 89 s.n. Galmr |
| Galli |
Found in Old Swedish as a personal name and as a by-name in the form Galle, found in Old Danish as the by-name Galle, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Galli. From OW.Norse galli "mistake, wrong, disability." The runic evidence is unclear: the runic accusative case inscription kala may instead represent the names Kali or Kalli. |
NR s.n. Galli |
| Galmi |
Related to the Swedish dialect verb galma "to shriek, make noise"; compare with the OW.Norse masculine name Galmr. The runic evidence is unclear: the runic nominative case inscription kalmi may instead represent the name Gamli. |
NR s.n. Galmi |
| Galti |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Galti |
| Gamall |
Originally a by-name, "old one." Frequent in Norway from 1000s onward. Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as both a personal name and as a by-name, Gamal. Occurs in OW.Norse as Gamall From the OW.Norse adjective gamall "old." Runic examples include the nominative forms kamal (6 instances), k[a]mal, k=lamal, komal and the accusative forms gam--, kamal, [kamal].Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gamel, Gamal, Gamelin, Gamelus, Gemell, Gamell. |
FJ pp. 89-95 s.n. Gamall; NR s.n. Gamall |
| Gamalbarn |
"Young Gamall." A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation from the personal name Gamall and the second element -barn, "child, young man." A Gamalbearn was mentioned by Florence of Worcester as one of the leaders of the Northumbrian insurrection in 1065. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gamelbar, Gamelber, Gamebar. |
FJ pp. 89-95 s.nn. Gamall, *Gamalbarn |
| Gamalkarl, Gamalkarli |
"Old Karl; Old Karli." A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation from Gamall + Karl or Karli. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gamalkarle. |
FJ pp. 89-95 s.nn. Gamall, *Gamalkarl(i) |
| Gamli |
Found in OW.Norse as both a personal name and a by-name, Gamli. Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Gamble. From the OW.Norse adjective gamall "old." The runic evidence is unclear: the runic nominative case inscription kalmi may instead represent the name Galmi. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gamli; NR s.n. Gamli |
| Gandálfr |
The first element in this name, Gand- is from OW.Norse gandr, a word of obscure origin that means "anything enchanted; an object used by sorcerors;" by extension it can mean "monster, fiend." This name appears as the names of one of the dwarves in the Old Norse Eddaic poem Dvergatál. It also appears as a human name in chapter 1 of Haraldar saga hárfagra as Gandálfr konungur, King Gandálfr. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gandálfr |
| GangulfR |
This name is found in Old Danish as Gangulf. The first element, Gang-, is from OW.Norse gangr "going, walking." For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. This name is related to the Old High German name Gangulf, which some scholars see as referring to berserkergang. Found in the runic nominative form kakulfr. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; NR s.n. GangulfR |
| Gansi |
Found as the OW.Norse by-name Gansi. Derived from a diminutive with the second element -si related to the Swedish and Norwegian dialect word gant "fool, one who is mocked." Occurs in the runic accusative case form kans-. |
NR s.n. Gansi |
| Gapi |
Found in OW.Norse as the mythological name Gapi and as a by-name. Derived from the OW.Norse verb gapa "to yell, to shriek." The runic evidence is not certain: the runic nominative case inscription kabi may instead represent Kabbi, Kampi, or Kappi. |
NR s.n. Gapi |
| GapR |
This name originated as a by-name: it is found in Old Swedish as the by-name Gap (etymology uncertain), and in Old West Norse as the by-name Gapr, and is from a word corresponding to Nynorsk gap, "chatterbox, mockingbird". The runic evidence shows the nominative form kabR, where it seems to be used as a personal name, though this is not certain. |
NR s.n. Gapr |
| Garðarr |
For the first element Garð- see above. For the second element -arr see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Garðarr; FJ pp. 96, 342, 348 s.nn. Garðr, Garð-, -arr |
| Garðr |
Originally a by-name from Old Icelandic garðr, "yard" but may have the older sense of "protection." Common in Norway in the later period. Not found in Iceland. Examples are found in Denmark. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Garth. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Garðr; FJ pp. 96 s.n. Garðr |
| Garðulfr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian name. For the first element Garð- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gardulf, Garþolf. |
FJ pp. 96, 343, 351 s.nn. Garðr, *Garðulfr, Garð-, -ulfr |
| Gási |
Found in Old Danish as the personal name, Gasi, and as a by-name, Gassi; occurs in Old Swedish as a personal name, Gase, and as a by-name, Gasse; found in Old West Norse as a personal name, Gási (though it is rare as a personal name in Western Scandinavia), and as a by-name in the forms Gási or Gassi. From Old West Norse *gási "goose-boy". Runic examples include the nominative forms asi, kase, kasi and the genitive form kosa. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gasou. |
FJ pp. 96 s.n. Gási; NR s.n. Gási |
| Gaukr |
Originally a by-name meaning "cuckoo," but compare the Modern Norwegian sense of the word which means "simple person, a fool." Found as a personal name in Iceland in the late 900s, and possibly in some Norwegian place-names. Occurs as a by-name in Denmark. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gauke, Gouck, Gouc, Gouk, Goki, Gok, Goky, Gousla. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gaukr; FJ pp. 96-98 s.n. Gaukr |
| Gauss |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Gauss |
| Gautarr |
This name is found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Gøtar, and in OW.Norse as Gautarr. The first element Gaut- is derived from the OW.Norse gautar, "inhabitant of Gotland, Gotlander." For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form [kitar]. A short form of names in Gaut- is Gauti. |
FJ pp. 343, 348 s.nn. Gaut-, -arr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.n. Gautarr, Gautr, Gaut-, -arr |
| GautdiarfR |
The form of this name is uncertain. It is known from a runic inscription in the nominative case, kutirfR, which may instead represent GuðdiarfR. For the first element Gaut- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. A short form of names in Gaut- is Gauti. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Gaut-; CV pp. 100, 193 s.v. djarfr, Gautr; NR s.n. GautdiarfR, Gaut-, Gautr, GuðdiarfR, -diarfR |
| Gauti |
This name originated as a short form of names in Gaut-, and later also found as a by-name meaning "Gotlander, man from Gotland" (see above). Occurs in in Old Danish as Gøti, Old Swedish Gøte, and OW.Norse Gauti, and all three forms are also found as by-names. This name is thought to appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Goutebi, Gautebi, Gauthscou. Runic examples include the nominative forms [kauti], kuti, and the accusative form kauta. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gauti; FJ pp. 98, 348-349 s.nn. Gauti, Gautr, Gaut-, -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.n. Gauti, Gaut-, Gautr |
| Gautr |
The name Gautr is found in Old Danish as Gøt, in Old Swedish as Gøt (also found as a by-name), and in OW.Norse as Gautr (also found as a by-name) Appears in the singular form as well as the plural or OW.Norse gautar "inhabitant of Gotland, Gotlander". The Cleasby-Vigfusson dictionary notes that the masculine name Gautr is a poetical name for Óðinn, and suggests that it may mean "father". Runic examples include the nominative forms kaut, kautr, kotr, kut, kutr, the genitive form kaus, the dative form kuti and the accusative forms kaut, [kut]. A short form of names in Gaut- is Gauti. |
FJ pp. 98, 348-349 s.nn. Gauti, Gautr, Gaut-, -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.n. Gauti, Gaut-, Gautr |
| Gautráðr |
For the first element Gaut- see above. For the second element -ráðr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kutraþr. A short form of names in Gaut- is Gauti. |
FJ pp. 98, 345, 348-349 s.nn. Gauti, Gautr, Gaut-, -gauti, -gautr, Rað-; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.n. Gautráðr, Gaut-, Gautr, Gauti, -ráðr |
| Gautrekr |
For the first element Gaut- see above. For the second element -rekr see above. A short form of names in Gaut- is Gauti. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gautrekr; FJ pp. 98, 348-349, 350 s.nn. Gauti, Gautr, Gaut-, -gauti, -gautr, -ríkr; CV pp. 193, 499 s.v. Gautr, ríkr; NR s.nn. Gaut-, Gautr, Gauti, RíkR, -ríkR |
| GautulfR |
The name GautulfR is found in Old Swedish as Gøtolf and in OW.Norse as Gautúlfr. For the first element Gaut- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form [kit=ulfR]. A short form of names in Gaut- is Gauti. |
FJ pp. 98, 348-349, 351 s.n. Gauti, Gautr, Gaut-, -gauti, -gautr, -ulfr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.n. Gaut-, Gautr, Gauti |
| Gautviðr |
For the first element Gaut- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. This name occurs in the Latinized Old Swedish Gautwidus and in OW.Norse as Gautviðr. For the first element Gaut- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form koutuiþr. A short form of names in Gaut- is Gauti. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gautviðr; FJ pp. 98, 348-349, 352 s.n. Gauti, Gautr, Gaut-, -gauti, -gautr, -viðr; CV pp. 193, 703-704 s.v. Gautr, viðr; NR s.nn. Gaut-, Gautr, Gauti, Við-, -viðr |
| Gedda |
Found in Old Danish as Gedda (also found as a by-name), Old Swedish Gædda (also found as a by-name), and in OW.Norse as the by-name Gedda (all masculine names). From the OW.Norse noun gedda "pike-fish". Runic examples include the nominative form kita (which represents a by-name), and the genitive form kitu. |
NR s.n. Gædda |
| Gefialdr, Gjafvaldr |
This name is found in Old Swedish as Gevald and in OW.Norse as Gjafvaldr. The first elements Gef-, Giaf- and Gjaf- are derived from Germanic *Geba-, and are related to the OW.Norse verb gefa "to give" and OW.Norse gjof "gift". For the second element -valdr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kefialtr. |
FJ pp. 343, 351 s.nn. Gjaf-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Gefialdr, Gef-/Giaf-, -valdr |
| GeflaugR, Gjaflaugr |
Found in Old Swedish as Gifløgh and in OW.Norse as Gjaflaugr. For the first elements Gef-, Giaf- and Gjaf-, see above. For the second element -laugr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kefluk. |
FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Gjaf-, -laugr; CV pp. 374 s.v. laug def. IV; NR s.nn. GeflaugR, Gef-/Giaf-, -laugR |
| GefulfR |
For the first elements Gef-, Giaf- and Gjaf-, see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kifulfR. |
FJ pp. 343, 351 s.nn. Gjaf-, -ulfr; NR s.n. GefulfR, Gef-/Giaf-, -ulfR |
| Gegnir |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Gegnir |
| Geilir |
Originally a by-name meaning "firey one, hot-tempered," compare to Modern Norwegian geil , *geilask, "vehemence." Found once in Norway in 1357. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Gailisthorp, Gelesthorp. Gilset Close, Geleswath. |
FJ p. 98 s.n. Geilir |
| Geiralfr |
This name is found for the OW.Norse fictional character Geiralfr and in a fragmentary runic inscription which may represent a normal human name. The first element Geir- is identical to the Old Icelandic geirr, "spear." The second element -alfr is identical with Old Icelandic alfr, "elf, a type of subterranean being, ancestral spirit." It occurs in one runic inscription in which the case is uncertain as kairalf.... A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Geir-; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. GæiRalfR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -alfR |
| Geirbjǫrn |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Gerbiorn, and in OW.Norse as Geirbjǫrn. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Runic examples include the nominative forms kaiRbiarn, [kaiRbiurn], khiRbiarn, kiRbiarn, the genitive form geiRbiarnaR, and the accusative forme gaiRbern, irbrn, kairbirn, kaiRbiarn, (k)aiRbiarn, kaiRbiurn, keRbiarn, kiRbiarn, kiRbi(a)rn, [kribior-], [trbiorn]. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ pp. 343, 348 s.n. Geir-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 196 s.v. björn, geirr; NR s.n. GæiRbiǫrn, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -biǫrn |
| Geirdiarfr |
For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form [kaiRtiarfr]. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Geir-; CV pp. 100, 196 s.v. djarfr, geirr; NR s.n. GæiRdiarfR, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -diarfR |
| Geirfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Gervast. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kaiRfast(r), kaiRf...tr, karfastr and the accusative forms kaiRfast, [kaiRfast], kerfast, kiRfast. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Geir-; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. GæiRfastr, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -fastr, Fasti |
| Geirfinnr |
For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -finnr see above. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geirfinnr; FJ pp. 343, 348 s.n. Geir-, -finnr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -finnr, Finnr/Fiðr |
| Geirhjálmr |
For the first element Geir- see above. The second element -hjálmr is from the OW.Norse noun hjalmr "helmet". Runic examples include the nominative forms kiRhimR, kiRialmR and the accusative form (k)aiRielmR. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Geir-; CV pp. 196, 266-267 s.v. geirr, hjálmr; NR s.n. GæiRhialmR, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, HialmR, -hialmR |
| Geirhvatr |
Found in Old Swedish as Gerhvat and in OW.Norse as Geirhvatr. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -hvatr or its weak side-form -hvati see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kaiRuatr, keiruatr and the genitive form kaiRuataR. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ pp. 343, 349 s.nn. Geir-, -hvatr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. GæiRhvatr, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -hvatr |
| Geiri |
Found in Old Danish as Geri, in Old Swedish as Gere, and in OW.Norse as Geiri. This name is a short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr, and also occurs as a weak side form of the name Geirr. For the first element Geir- see above. Frequent in Iceland. Occurs rarely in Norway. Found in the Danish and Swedish runic inscriptions. Runic examples include the nominative forms giRi, [kairi], (k)iari, kiRi, [kiRi], kiR... and the accusative forms haiRa, hiRa, kaiR[a], keir(a), kiRa. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Geri. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geiri; FJ pp. 98, 343 s.nn. Geiri, Geir-; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. GæiRi, GæiRR, GæiR- |
| Geirleifr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Gerlef, and in OW.Norse as Geirleifr. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kaiRl-ifR and keiRlifR. May also be found in a contracted form GælfR. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geirleifr; FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Geir-, -leifr; CV pp. 196, 381 s.v. geirr, leif; NR s.n. GæiRlæifR, GæiRR, GæiR-, GælfR, GæiRi, -læifR/-lafR |
| Geirleikr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Gerlak, and in OW.Norse as Geirleikr. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -lakR see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms ke-lak-, kirlak, kirlak-. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. A short form of names in -leikr is Leikr. |
FJ pp. 185-186, 343, 350 s.nn. Geir-, -leikr, Leikr; CV pp. 196, 382-383 s.v. geirr, leika, leikr; NR s.n. GæiRlakR, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -læikR/-lakR |
| Geirmárr |
Found in Old Danish as Germar. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -marr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [keirmar], kiRmar and the accusative form kaiRmar. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Geir-, -márr; CV pp. 196, 418, 443 s.v. geirr, -már, mærr; NR s.n. GæiRmarr, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -marr |
| Geirmóðr |
For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -móðr see above. May occur in a fragmentary runic inscription in the accusative case form ...(R)muþ. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Geir-, -móðr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. GæiRmóðr, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -móðr |
| Geirmundi |
For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -mundr or its weakened side-form -mundi see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form kaiRmunta. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 99, 343, 350 s.nn. Geirmundr, Geir-, -mundr; CV pp. 196, 437-438 s.v. geirr, mundr; NR s.nn. GæiRmundi, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -mundi, Mundi |
| Geirmundr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Germund, and in OW.Norse as Geirmundr. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Borne by the grandfather of one of the Landnámamenn in Iceland, but was not common in Iceland until after 1300. Found in several Norwegian place names. Appears in Danish runic inscriptions, as well as in later Danish sources. Runic examples include the nominative forms [kairmuntr], kaiRmuntr, keiRmu...(r), kermunr, ke(r)munt(r), kiRmutr, ki-mutr, and the accusative forms kaiRmunt, [kaiRmunt], kermut, kimut, [kirmun], kiRmut. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Ghermud, Germud, Germund, Gemun. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geirmundr; FJ pp. 99, 343, 350 s.n. Geirmundr, Geir-, -mundr; CV pp. 196, 437-438 s.v. geirr, mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. GæiRmundr, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -mundr, Mundi |
| Geirni |
Perhaps a short form of Geirniútr. This name may occur in the runic accusative form karna, which might instead represent the names Garni or Kárni. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Geir-; NR s.n. GæiRni, GæiRR, Garni, Kárni, GæiRi |
| Geirniútr |
Found in Old Danish as Gerniot, and in Old Swedish possibly as Ginniut. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -niútr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kaiRaiau(t)-. A short form of this name may be Geirni. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Geir-; CV pp. 196, 456 s.v. geirr, njóta; NR s.n. GæiRniútr, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRni, GæiRi, -niútr |
| Geirólfr, Geirúlfr |
Found in Old Danish as Gerulf, occurs in Old Swedish in the Latinized form Gerulphus, and found in OW.Norse as Geirúlfr. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -olfr see above. Frequent in West Scandinavia from the mid 900s onward. Appears in a Swedish runic inscription in the accusative form kaiRulf. Appears once in Denmark. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gerulf. May also be found in a contracted form GælfR. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geirólfr; FJ pp. 99, 343, 351 s.n. Geirulfr, Geir-, -ulfr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. GæiRulfR, GæiRR, GæiR-, GælfR, -ulfR |
| Geirr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Ger, and in OW.Norse as Geirr (also found as a by-name). From the OW.Norse noun geirr "spear". Runic examples include the nominative forms |kair, (k)(a)(in)r, kaiR, kaR and the accusative form [kR]. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geirr; FJ pp. 343 s.n. Geir-; NR s.n. GæiRR, GæiRi |
| Geirraðr |
For the first element Geir- see above. The second element, -ráðr, is derived from the OW.Norse verb ráða "to steer, to advise; to give counsel," and is thus "one who steers" or "one who gives counsel." A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geirraðr; FJ pp. 343 s.n. Geir-; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. Geirraðr, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -raðr |
| Geirrekr |
For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -rekr see above. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geirrekr; FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Geir-, -ríkr; CV pp. 196, 499 s.v. geirr, ríkr; NR s.nn. GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, RíkR, -ríkR |
| Geirrøðr |
For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -(f)reðr/(f)røðr see above. Runic examples include the accusative form kiru, and the name may also be found in the runic nominative form þeriþr (which may instead represent Þórfreðr, Þórfríðr or Þúríðr). A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geirrøðr; FJ pp. 343, 348 s.nn. Geir-, -frøðr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Geirsteinn |
For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Borne by two of the Landnámamenn in Iceland, but doesn't appear in Iceland after that. A few instances are found in Norway from 1050s onward. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include the Latinized Garstinus. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geirsteinn; FJ pp. 99, 343, 351 s.nn. Geirsteinn, Geir-, -steinn; CV pp. 196, 591 s.v. geirr, steinn; NR s.n. GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -stæinn |
| Geirþjófr |
For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -þjófr see above. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geirþjófr; FJ pp. 343, 351 s.n. Geir-, -þjófr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi |
| Geirvarðr |
For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. There are some doubtful instances in Sweden and Denmark, but this may be an Anglo-Scandinavian formation. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gerward and are found in the place-name Geruezbi. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ pp. 99-100, 343, 351 s.nn. Geirvarðr, Geir-, -varðr; CV pp. 196, 722 s.v. geirr, vorðr; NR s.nn. GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -varðr |
| Geirvarr |
Found in Old Danish as Gerwar. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -varr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kRrua, which may instead represent either Gróa or GæiRvor. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ pp. 343, 351-352 s.nn. Geir-, -varr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. GæiRvarr, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -varr, Gróa, GæiRvor |
| Geirviðr |
This name is found in Old Swedish as Gervidh and in OW.Norse as Geirviðr. For the first element Geir- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kaiRuiþr. A short form of masculine names in Geir- or -geirr is Geiri. |
FJ pp. 343, 352 s.nn. Geir-, -viðr; CV pp. 196, 703-704 s.v. geirr, viðr; NR s.nn. GæiRviðr, GæiRR, GæiR-, GæiRi, -viðr |
| Geitingr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Geting; compare with the OW.Norse by-name Geitungr. From OW.Norse *geitingr (compare with geitungr) "wasp". Found in the runic nominative form kitikr, apparently as a personal name, in an inscription reading, "Geitingr raised this stone in memory of Geirmundr, his brother, a good thegn. May God help." |
NR s.n. GæitingR |
| Geitir |
Found in Old Danish as Getir and in OW.Norse as Geitir. Derived from the OW.Norse noun geit "goat". Occurs in the runic dative form kaeti. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Geitir; NR s.n. GæitiR |
| Gellir |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Gellir |
| Gestr |
See -gestr, above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gestr; FJ pp. 349 s.n. -gestr |
| Gerðarr, Gjarðarr |
This name is found in Old Swedish as Gærdhar and in OW.Norse as Gjarðarr. The first element Gerð-/Gjarð- is derived from the stem of the Germanic verb *gerðan "(re)made, (re)constructed." (It has also been suggested that the first element should be interpreted as a form of Garð-, from OW.Norse garðr "fence, defence". For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms karþar, kerþar (5 instances), kiarþar, kiaþar, the genitive form karþars and the accusative forms [karþar], kerþar, kerþer, kiarþar. |
NR s.n. Gerðarr/Giarðarr, Gerð-/Giarð-, -arr |
| Gialli |
Occurs in Old Swedish as Gælle. This name is derived from the OW.Norse verb gjalla "to yell, to shout". Runic examples include the nominative forms kiali and [kial]in. |
NR s.n. Gialli |
| Gibbon |
Christian |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gibbon |
| Gígr |
Originally a by-name related to Modern Norwegian giga, "to stagger." Found once in West Scandinavia in 1324. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Ghigesburg, Gighesburg, Chigesburg, Giseborne. |
FJ p. 100 s.n. Gígr |
| Gildi |
Found in Old Danish as Gildi, and in Old Swedish as Gilde and possibly Gille. From Runic Swedish gildi "guild brother". There are two runic examples of this name in the nominative case, ki(l)t[a] and kil..., and both refer to the same person. |
NR s.n. Gildi |
| Gilli |
Short form of Irish names in Gilli-, meaning "servant." Found in Iceland at the time of the Settlement, probably occurs mostly in persons of Celtic descent, such as Haraldr gilli, whose Irish name was Gillikristr, "servant of Christ." Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gille, Ghile, Gil. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gilli; FJ pp. 100-101 s.n. Gilli |
| GillingR |
This name is found in OW.Norse as the fictional character Gillingr in ch. 1 of Gautreks saga. The name is derived from the OW.Norse verb gjalla "to yell". Found in the runic nominative form kilinR. |
NR s.n. GillingR |
| Ginnfastr |
The first element in this name, Gínn-, is of uncertain etymology. It is believed to be a Continental Germanic name, perhaps related to the OW.Norse verb ginna "to deceive, to enchant"; compare with OW.Norse mythological character Ginnarr. For the second element -fastr see above. Found in the runic nominative form kinfast(r). A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
NR s.n. Ginnfastr, Ginn-, -fastr, Fasti |
| Gils |
For the second element gísl or gils see above. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gils; FJ p. 349 s.n. -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Gilsbrikt |
For the first element Gíls- or Gísl- see below. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gilsbrikt; FJ p. 349 s.n. -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Gimp |
Originally a by-name related to the Norwegian and Swedish dialect term gimpa, "to sway one's buttocks." Occurs as a by-name in Sweden. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gimpi, Gympe. |
FJ pp. 101 s.n. Gimp |
| Gípr, Gippi |
Originally a by-name related to Modern Norwegian gip, "jaw." A few instances of Gípr are found in Norway. Gippi is not found in Scandinavia and appears Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gippe, Gip, Ghippe. |
FJ pp. 101Gípr, *Gippi |
| Gísi |
Occurs as a short form of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils. Found in Old Swedish and possibly Old Danish as Gise. Occurs in the runic genitive case form kisa. |
CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| GiskingR |
This name is of uncertain etymology and is found one in a runic inscription as the accusative case form kiskik. |
NR s.n. GiskingR |
| Gísl, Gísli |
Occurs both as a short form of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils and as an original by-name Gísl and its weak side-form Gísli. Gísli was popular in Iceland in the 900s and after 1300. Not recorded in Norway until 1400s, and remained rare there. The forms Gísl and Gils are also common in Iceland but rare in Norway. The name Gísl is found in Old Danish as Gisl and possibly as a by-name, Gissel. It occurs in Old Swedish as a by-name, Gisl, and in OW.Norse as Gísl. The first element, Gís(l)-, is related to Longobard gísil, "arrow-shaft" OW.Norse geisl "staff", and Old Icelandic geisli, "sun-shaft, sun beam". Overall this name-element has a sense of "a shaft typical of a weapon or a part of a weapon." The name-element may also be linked to OW.Norse gísl "hostage". Runic examples include the nominative forms gisl, keisl, kisl (10 instances), [kisl], the accusative forms gisl, kisl, and in one instance in which the case is uncertain, gisl. The name Gísli occurs in Old Danish as Gisli, Old Swedish as the by-name Gisle, and in OW.Norse as Gísli. Runic examples include the nominative form kisli and the accusative form kisila. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gisle, Gisel, Gisla, Gysel. |
GB p. 10 s.nn. Gísl, Gísli; FJ pp. 102, 349 s.nn. Gísli, Gísl, -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Gísmundr |
This name is found in Old Swedish as Gismund. For the first element Gísl- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form kismuntr and the genitive form kismuntaR. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -gísl; CV pp. 196, 437-438 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli, mundr; NR s.nn. Gísmundr, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils, -mundr, Mundi |
| Gísstæinn |
For the first element Gísl- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kistein. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -gísl; CV pp. 196, 591 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli, steinn; NR s.nn. Gísstæinn, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils, -stæinn |
| GiúlákR |
This name may represent either GiúlákR or KiúlákR, and is of uncertain etymology. Runic examples include the nominative forms giulakr U287, kiulakr, [kiula(in)...] and the accusative form kiulik. |
NR s.n. GiúlákR |
| Gizurr |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Gizurr |
| Gjafvaldr |
The first element Gjaf- is related to the stem in gjafari and gjafmildr, and means "gift." For the second element -valdr see above. A few instances are found in Iceland after 1000. more common in Norway after the end of the 1100s. Possibly appears in an Anglo-Scandinavian place-name. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gjafvaldr; FJ pp. 102-103, 343, 351 s.nn. Gjafvaldr, Gjaf-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Gjalfvér |
The first element Gjalf- is related to Old Icelandic gjalfr "surf". For the second element -vér or -vir see above. Only found in its shortened form, Gylfi. |
FJ pp. 120, 343, 352 s.n. Gylfi, Gjalf-, -vér |
| Gjallandi |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Gjallandi |
| Gjofull |
A hypothetical form. Originally a by-name, "munificent." Not found in Scandinavia. Possibly appears in an Anglo-Scandinavian place-name, Cheuelestune. |
FJ pp. 103 s.n. *Gjofull |
| Glæggi |
Related to the Old Swedish adjective glægger and OW.Norse gloggr "sharp-eyed, clear-sighted, clever." Runic examples include the nominative form glaki and the accusative form klaka. |
NR s.n. Glæggi |
| Glámr |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Glámr |
| GlippiR |
This name, found in the runic nominative form klibiR, is uncertain, and may instead represent the name KleppiR or KlippiR. If the inscription does intend GlippiR, then it may be related to the Swedish dialect word glippa "often opening a door". |
NR s.n. GlippiR |
| Glóa |
This name is known from the nominative case runic inscription kulua, where it could instead represent the name Kylfa. If this is Glóa, it is derived from the OW.Norse verb glóa "to glow, glisten, shine." |
NR s.n. Glóa |
| Glóði |
The name Glóði is derived from the OW.Norse noun glóð "ember, glow". It is found in the runic accusative case form [kloþa]. |
NR s.n. Glóði |
| Glœðir |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Glœðir |
| GloggR |
This name is known from the runic nominative case inscription klakR, which may instead represent the name KlakkR. If this is GloggR, then it is from the OW.Norse adjective gloggr "sharp-eyed, clear-sighted, clever". |
NR s.n. GloggR |
| Glúmr |
Originally a by-name related to Modern Norwegian glum, "a person with a glowering expression." Borne by one of the Landnámamenn in Iceland and found fairly frequently there later. Found during the early period in Norway. A few instances as a personal name are found in Denmark and Sweden. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Glumesker. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Glúmr; FJ pp. 103 s.n. Glúmr |
| Gluniarain |
An Irish adaptation of the Scandinavian by-name Járnkné, "iron knee." Anglo-Scandinavian forms include the Glonieorn who took place in a rebel gemot in York in 1065, as well as Glunier. |
FJ pp. 103 s.n. *Gluniairnn |
| Gneisti |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Gneisti |
| Gnauðimaðr |
The first element in this name may be connected to OW.Norse gnauð "noise, din, alarm," compounded with the OW.Norse second element maðr "man". Occurs in the runic nominative form knauþimanr. |
NR s.n. Gnauðimaðr |
| Gnúpa |
This name is found in Old Danish as Gnupa, and in OW.Norse as both the name and the by-name Gnúpa. The name is derived from a side-form of the OW.Norse noun gnípa "slope, leaning mountain-peak" (also see the OW.Norse noun gnúpr). Runic examples include the nominative form gnubha and the genitive form knubu. |
NR s.n. Gnúpa |
| Gnúpr |
Found as the OW.Norse name Gnúpr, from the OW.Norse noun gnúpr "slope, leaning mountain-peak." Runic examples include the nominative forms knubr and nubR. A diminuitive form of this name is Gnýpli. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gnúpr; NR s.n. GnúpR, Gnýpli |
| Gnýpli |
Diminuitive form of GnúpR with the -l-second element or a direct derivative from the same root-word. Occurs in the runic nominative form knubli. |
NR s.n. GnúpR, Gnýpli |
| GnæggiR |
This name comes from a genetive case runic inscription, knikis, which might represent either GnæggiR or KnæikiR. If GnæggiR, the name would then be derived from the OW.Norse verb gneggja "neigh, whinny". |
NR s.n. GnæggiR |
| Goðgestr |
The first element Goð- is a side-form of Guð-, which is related to Old Icelandic guð, goð, "god, the gods." For the second element -gestr see above. |
FJ pp. 344, 349 s.nn. Guð-, -gestr |
| Goðin, Goðwini, Guðini |
This name, adopted from Old English Godwin, is found in Old Danish as Godwin, in Old Swedish in the Latinized form Godwinus, and in OW.Norse as Goðin and Guðini. Runic examples include the nominative forms koþuini (3 instances), koþwin, koþwini. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Guðini; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Guð-; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.n. Goðwini |
| GøðingR |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Gødhing Derived from the OW.Norse adjective góðr "good". Found as a personal name in the genitive case form [kuþi(k)]s in an inscription reading "Ásgautr raised this stone in memory of Ernfastr, his mother's brother, GøðingR's son, and in memory of Ólof his wife. Ásgautr made these monuments." |
NR s.n. GøðingR |
| Goðólfr |
For the first element Goð- see above. For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Goðólfr; FJ pp. 344, 351 s.nn. Guð-, -ulfr |
| Goðormr, Guðormr |
For the first element Goð- see above. The second element -ormr is identical with Old Icelandic ormr, "serpent, snake, dragon." See also the discussion under Gormr, below. |
FJ pp. 344, 350; CV pp. 468-469 s.v. ormr; NR s.n. GórmR, Guð-, -ormr |
| Goðrekr |
For the first element Goð- see above. For the second element -rekr see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Goðrekr; FJ pp. 344, 350 s.n. Guð-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Godsveinn |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian hybrid name. The first element comes from Old English God-, "good." For the second element -sveinn see above. This may instead be a Scandinavian adaptation of the Old English name Godswan. |
FJ pp. 103, 351 s.n. *Godsveinn, -sveinn |
| Goldsteinn |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian hybrid name. The first element comes from Old English Gold-, "gold." For the second element -steinn see above. This may instead be a Scandinavian adaptation of the Old English name Goldstan, or a corrupt form of Kolsteinn. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Golstaindale. |
FJ pp. 103, 351 s.n. *Goldsteinn, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. -stæinn |
| Gormr |
This name is found in Old Danish as Gorm and in OW.Norse as Gormr. It is derived from *Goð-ormR or *Goð-þormR, which are from Primitive Scandinavian *Guða- "god" + *wurmaR "worm, serpent, dragon," or may also be related to the OW.Norse verb þyrma "to revere, to honor". Compare with Old Danish Guththorm, Old Swedish Gudhthorm, OW.Norse Guðormr, Guðþormr. Runic examples include the nominative form kurmR, the genitive form kurms, and the accusative forms kurm, kurR. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gormr; FJ pp. 112, 344, 350 s.n. Guðþormr, Guð-, -ormr; CV pp. 468-469 s.v. ormr; NR s.n. GórmR, Guð-, -ormr |
| Goti |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Goti |
| Grái |
Originally a by-name derived from grályndr, "evil-tempered." Borne by one of the Landnámamenn in Iceland and fairly frequent later in West Scandinavia. May be related to the Danish personal name Graa, which is a late occurrence from South Jutland. |
FJ pp. 103-104 s.n. Grái |
| Gráni |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Gráni |
| Granmárr |
For the second element -márr see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Granmárr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -márr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr |
| Grannkall |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Grannkall |
| Grásteinn |
For the second element -steinn see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Grásteinn; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. -stæinn |
| Grégóríús |
Christian, Gregory. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Grégóríús |
| Greiði |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation related to Old Icelandic greiðr, "clear, ready to serve". From the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Greibi. |
FJ pp. 104 s.n. *Greiði |
| Greifi |
Originally a by-name, related either to a Continental Germanic loan word greifi, the title "graf" or "count," or else related to Modern Norwegian greive used to describe a ram with a characteristic horn configuration. Appears as a by-name once in Iceland. Found in some Norwegian place-names. The form Greve is common as a by-name in Denmark after 1200. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Greve. |
FJ pp. 104 s.n. Greifi |
| Grein |
Originally a by-name. Found in Old Danish as Gren (also found as a by-name), as the Old Swedish by-name Gren, and the OW.Norse by-name Grein. From the OW.Norse noun grein, "branch; division". Occurs in the runic accusative case form krein. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Grein, Grain. |
FJ pp. 104 s.n. Grein; NR s.n. Græinn |
| Grentir |
A form of Grettir. A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation found in the place-name Grentwith and the names Grent, Grente. |
FJ pp. 104 s.n. *Grentir |
| Greipr |
Greipr was originally a West Scandinavian by-name. Found in Old Danish as Grep (also found as a by-name), in Old Swedish as the mythological character name Grep (also found as a human by-name), and in OW.Norse as Greipr (also found as a by-name). From OW.Norse noun greip "hand" or from the OW.Norse verb grípa "to grasp". Greppi is believed to be a weak side-form of Greipr and may occur in some Norwegian place-names. Grep occurs in East Scandinavia as both a by-name and a personal name. Occurs in the runic accusative case form krib. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Greppe. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Greipr; FJ pp. 104-105 s.n. Greppi; NR s.n. GræipR |
| Grenjaðr |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Grenjaðr |
| Grettir |
Originally a by-name meaning "he who shows his teeth or grins," related to gretta sik, "to make a wry face." |
GB p. 10 s.n. Grettir; FJ pp. 104 s.n. *Grentir |
| Gríma |
From OW.Norse gríma "mask", with a secondary meaning as "a helm which hides the face". Found in the runic accusative form [krimu]. |
NR s.n. Gríma |
| Grímarr |
This name is found in Old Danish as Grimar and in OW.Norse as Grímarr. The first element Grím- is related to Old Icelandic gríma, "mask", and may refer to a helm which masks the face, also Grímr was one of the names of the god Óðinn. For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form krimar and the accusative form krima.... |
GB p. 10 s.n. Grímarr; FJ pp. 343, 348 s.n. Grím-, -arr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. Grímarr, Grím-, -arr |
| Grímbjǫrn |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation. For the first element Grím- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. May instead be a loan from the Continental germanic name Grimbert. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Grimber, Grimbert. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 107, 343, 348 s.n. *Grímbjǫrn, Grím-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 216 s.v. björn, gríma; NR s.nn. Grím-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Grímketill, Grímkell |
Found in Old Danish as Grimkil, in Old Swedish as Grimkil, and in OW.Norse as Grímkell. For the first element Grím- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. Borne by one of the Landnámamenn in Iceland and coninued to be fairly popular in West Scandinavia. Runic examples include the nominative forms krimkil, krimk-l, [mkitil]. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Grinchel, Grinchil, Grimchel, Grimchil, Grimcetel, Grimkel, Grimkil, Grimketel, Grinkel, Grimkell. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Grímkell; FJ pp. 107-108, 343, 349 s.n. Grímketill, Grím-, -ketill; CV pp. 216, 337-338 s.v. gríma, ketill; NR s.n. Grímkæll, Grím-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Grímmundr |
For the first element Grím- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form kri(m)ut. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Grím-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Grímmundr, Grím-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Grímólfr |
This name is found in Old Danish as Grimulf, in Old Swedish as Grimolf, and in OW.Norse as Grímólfr. For the first element Grím- see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms |krimulfR, [krimulfu], [krimuluf] and the accusative form krimulf. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Grímólfr; FJ pp. 349, 351 s.nn. Grím-, -ulfr; CV pp. 216, 668 s.v. gríma, úlfr; NR s.mn. GrímulfR, Grím-, -ulfR |
| Grímr, Grími |
Found in Old Danish as Grim (found as a by-name), Old Swedish Grim (found as a by-name), and OW.Norse Grímr. (Instances in Old Danish and Old Swedish by-names may be derived from the OW.Norse adjective grimmr "grim, cruel, atrocious".) Originally a by-name, related to Old Icelandic gríma, "mask", and may refer to a helm which masks the face, also Grímr was one of the names of the god Óðinn. This name is common in Norway and Iceland through the whole medieval period, and is frequent in Denmark and Sweden. The weak form Grími is found in Denmark, and as a place-name in both Denmark and Sweden. Runic examples include the nominative forms kiRimr, krim, [k](r)in(m), [krimbr], krimr, (k)rimr, krim-, [krur], the genitive forms kirims, (k)rims, and the accusative forms [irim], kirm. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Grim, Grym, Grime Grím, Guyum. A diminuitive form of Grímr is Grímsi. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Grímr; FJ pp. 105-107 s.n. Grímr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV p. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. GrímR, Grím- |
| Grímsi |
A diminuitive form of Grímr. |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Grimvarðr |
For the first element Grím- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. May be an Anglo-Scandinavian formation, Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Grimward. |
FJ pp. 108, 349, 351 s.n. *Grímvarðr, Grím-, -varðr; CV pp. 216, 722 s.v. gríma, vorðr; NR s.n. Grím- |
| Grípr, Grípi |
Originally a by-name related to the OW.Norse verb grípa "to seize, to grasp" or from OW.Norse greip "hand". In Iceland the name Hrómundr Grípsson is also found as Greipsson and his brother referred to as Grepsson. Grip is found in Denmark. Occurs in the runic genitive case form krib-. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Grípr; FJ pp. 108 s.n. Grípr, *Grípi; NR s.nn. Gripi/Græipi |
| Gríss |
Originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic grípa, "piglet, young pig." Found rarely as a personal name in Iceland. Frequent in both Iceland and Norway as a by-name. A few instances as a personal name are found in Jutland. The by-name is common in Denmark. Occurs in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Grisebi, Gristorentun, Grisethorntune, Grisethorp, Grisethwayth. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gríss; FJ pp. 109 s.n. Gríss |
| Grjótgarðr |
Occurs as OW.Norse Grjótgarðr. The first element from the OW.Norse noun grjót, from Germanic *greuta "stone". For the second element -garðr see the name Garðr above. It is uncertain if the first element occurs in other names. Occurs in the runic nominative form kriutkarþr. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Grjótgarðr; NR s.n. Griútgarðr |
| Grómr |
Originally a by-name related to Modern Icelandic gróm, "dirt." A single instance is found in West Scandinavia. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Grumeshenges. |
FJ pp. 109 s.n. Grómr |
| Grubbi |
Originally a by-name meaning "man with the rough, wrinkled face." May occur once in Norway as a place-name. Found in Denmark as both a personal name and a by-name. Occurs in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Grubhale. |
FJ pp. 109 s.n. Grubbi |
| Grúmr, Grúmi, Grummi |
Originally a by-name Grummi meaning "cruel one." The personal name Grúmi (Latinized to Grummo) occurs frequently in Denmark, especially in West Jutland. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Grumeshenges. |
FJ pp. 109 s.nn. Grum(m)i, *Grúmr |
| Grytingr |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Grytingr |
| Gubbi |
Gubbi is a short form of the name Guðbjǫrn. Also found in Old Swedish as both a name and as a by-name, Gubbe, in which the derivation may also be from Old Swedish gubbe "old man". Runic examples include the genitive form [(in)ku]ba and the accusative forms [guba], [k]uba. |
NR s.nn. Gubbi, Guðbiǫrn, Guð-, -biǫrn |
| Guðbjǫrn |
Found in Old Danish as Guthbiorn, in Old Swedish as Gudhbiorn, and in OW.Norse as Guðbjǫrn. The first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- are related to OW.Norse guð, goð, which are derived from the Germanic noun *guða "god, god-like being." The oldest form of this first element lies in the root goð, and Cleasby-Vigfusson mentions that even in late Christian poetry words in guð were made to rhyme with o, suggesting that the pronunciation should still be as if the first element were goð. In Iceland the pronunciation underwent further change, so that the g in Guð- is pronounced as gw in Christian names. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kuþbian, kuþbiarn, kuþbirn, kuþbiurn, [kuþriuin], ...-þb-urn; the genitive forms kuþabiarnao, kuþbiona-, kuþbirnaR; and the accusative forms k(u)(in)(b)an, kuþbiarn, kuþbiurna. A short form of Guðbjǫrn is Gubbi. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 344, 348 s.nn. Guð-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 207-208 s.v. björn, goð; NR s.nn. Guðbiǫrn, Guð-, -biǫrn, Gubbi, Guði, Guðki, Biarni |
| Guðbrandr |
Found in Old Danish as Guthbrand, in Old Swedish as Gudhbrand, and in OW.Norse as Guðbrandr. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -brandr see above. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. A diminuitive form of Guðbrandr is Gutti. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Guðbrandr; FJ pp. 344, 348 s.n. Guð-, -brandr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 76, 207-208 s.v. brandr, goð; NR s.nn. Guðbrandr, Guð-, -brandr, Guði, Guðki |
| GuðdiarfR |
The form of this name is uncertain. It is known from a runic inscription in the nominative case, kutirfR, which may instead represent GautdiarfR. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ p. 344 s.n. Guð-; CV pp. 100, 207-208 s.v. djarfr, goð; NR s.nn. GuðdiarfR, GautdiarfR, Gaut-, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -diarfR |
| Guðfastr |
Found in Old Danish as Guthfast, in Old Swedish as Gudhfast and Gudhvast, and in OW.Norse as Guðfastr. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kuþastr, kuþfast, kuþfastr (7 instances), [ku](þ)fast[r], [kuþfastr], ...þfastr, the genitive form kuþfastaR, and the accusativeforms kufast, kuþfast, kuþ:fast, [kuþfast]. A short form of Guðfastr is Gufi. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ p. 344 s.n. Guð-; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.nn. Guðfastr, Guð-, -fastr, Guði, Guðki, Fasti |
| Guðfinnr |
For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -finnr see above. Occurs in the runic genitive case form kuþfins. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 344, 348 s.nn. Guð-, -finnr; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.nn. Guðfinnr, Guð-, -finnr, Guði, Guðki |
| Guðfriðr, Guðfrøðr, Guðrøðr |
For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -friðr see above. Guðfrøðr occurs as a legendary name in West Scandinavia, and there is one instance of a Guðfriðr, who was however German in origin. The name is common in Denmark, where it appears as Godefrid, which may represent a Continental German borrowing. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Godeuert. A short form of the names Guðfriðr, Guðfrøðr or Guðrøðr is Gyrðr. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 110, 344, 348 s.n. Guðfriðr, Guð-, -friðr; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.nn. Guð-, Guði, Guðki, Gyrðr, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Guði |
Found in Old Danish as Guthi, in Old Swedish as Gudhi, and in OW.Norse as Guði. Guði is a short form of masculine names in Guð. Runic examples include the nominative forms kuþi, [kuþ-] and the accusative form kuþa. |
FJ p. 344 s.n. Guð-; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.nn. Guð-, Guði |
| Guðini |
See the discussion of this name above. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Guðini; FJ p. 344 s.n. Guð-; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.n. Goðwini, Guð-, Guði, Guðki |
| GuðiR |
This name is found in Old Danish as Guthir and in Old Swedish as Gudhir. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -vér or -vir see above. Occurs in the runic genitive case form kuþis. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ p. 352 s.n. Guð; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.nn. GuðiR, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -veR |
| Guðki |
Found in Old Danish as Guthki. This name is a diminuitive of masculine names in Guð- with the -k- second element. Occurs in the runic nominative form kuþki. |
FJ p. 352 s.n. Guð-; NR s.n. Guðki, Guð- |
| Guðlaugr |
For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -laugr see above. Very common in Iceland from the time of the Settlement. Found fairly frequently in Norway. A few instances appear in Sweden as Gudhløgh. A possible Anglo-Scandinavian form of the name appears in the place-name Guldlagesarc. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Guðlaugr; FJ pp. 110, 344, 350 s.nn. Guðlaugr, Guð-, -laugr; CV pp. 207-208, 374 s.v. goð and laug def. IV; NR s.nn. Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -laugR |
| Guðleifr |
For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms |kuþlaifr, kuþlefR, the genitive form [kuþlifs] and the accusative forms kuþlaf, k(u)þ(l)(in)f. A short form of Guðleifr is Gulli. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Guðleifr; FJ pp. 344, 350 s.n. Guð-, -leifr; CV pp. 207-208, 381 s.v. goð, leif; NR s.nn. GuðlafR, GuðlæifR, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -læifR/-lafR |
| Guðleikr |
For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -leikr or -lákr see above. Frequent in Norway after 1017. Found occasionally in Sweden and Denmark. A possible Anglo-Scandinavian form of the name appears in the place-name Guldlagesarc. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. A short form of names in -leikr is Leikr. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Guðleikr; FJ pp. 110, 185-186, 344, 350 s.n. Guðleikr, Guð-, -leikr, Leikr; CV pp. 207-208, 382-383 s.v. goð, leika, leikr; NR s.nn. Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -læikR/-lakR |
| Guðmárr |
This name is found in Old Danish as Guthmar, in Old Swedish as Gudhmar, and in OW.Norse as Guðmarr. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -marr see above. Runic examples include the accusative forms kurmar, kuþfar, kuþmar, [kuþmar], kuþ-ar. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Guð-, -márr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr; NR s.nn. Guðmarr, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -marr |
| Guðmóðr |
For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -móðr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kuþmuþr. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Guð-, -móðr; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.nn. Guðmóðr, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -móðr |
| Guðmundr |
For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. This name is specifically mentioned in Cleasby-Vigfusson as being pronounced with a gw sound in Iceland, as if it were Gwuðmundr, and there are abbreviated forms of this name, Gvendr and Gvondr. One of the most common Icelandic names from the 900s onwards. Appears frequently in Norway after 1300. Several instances are recorded in Swedish and Danish runic inscriptions. This name occurs in Old Danish as Guthmund, in Old Swedish as Gudhmund, and in OW.Norse as Guðmundr. Runic examples include the nominative forms koþmontr, kumytr, kuþmund, kuþmuntr, |kuþ[muntr], [kuþmuntr], kuþmuntro, kuþmutr, kuþusutr, the genitive forms kuþmutaR, kuþmu-r, and the accusative forms kuþmrt, kuþmunt, kuþmut, kuþuMut, k-þmunt. A short form of Guðmundr is Gummi. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gudmunt, Guthmund. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Guðmundr; FJ pp. 110-111, 344, 350 s.nn. Guðmundr, Guð-, -mundr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 207-208, 437-438 s.v. goð, mundr; NR s.nn. Guðmundr, Guð-, -mundr, Gummi, Guði, Guðki, Mundi |
| Guðniútr |
Found in Old Swedish as Gudhniut and in OW.Norse as Guðniótr. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -niútr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kuþniutr. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ p. 344 s.n. Guð-; CV pp. 207-208, 456 s.v. goð, njóta; NR s.nn. Guðniútr, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -niútr |
| Guðriðr, Guðrøðr |
For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. The second element -riðr or -roðr actually come from -friðr, -frøðr (see above). Guðroðr was a popular name for Viking Age Norwegian kings and several Viking leaders. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Guðrøðr; FJ pp. 111-112, 344, 348 s.n. Guðrøðr, *Guðriðr, Guð-, -friðr, -frøðr; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.nn. Guð-, Guði, Guðki |
| Guðríkr |
This name is found in Old Danish as Guthrik, in Old Swedish as Gudhrik, and in OW.Norse as Guðríkr. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms koþrik, kuþrikr, the genitive form [kuþriks], and tha accusative forms kuþrik, kuþrikr, kuþsrik, --þrik, ...(u)þrik. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 343, 350 s.nn. Guð-, -ríkr; CV pp. 207-208, 499 s.v. goð, ríkr; NR s.nn. GuðríkR, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -ríkR |
| Guðsteinn |
This name is found in Old Swedish as Gudhsten and in OW.Norse as Guðsteinn. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative form kuisþen and the accusative form [kustin]. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 343, 351 s.nn. Guð-, -steinn; CV pp. 207-208, 591 s.v. goð, steinn; NR s.nn. Guðstæinn, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -stæinn |
| Guðþormr, Guttormr |
For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. The second element is either -þormr, which is related to the verb þyrma, "to protect, show respect to," or else comes from -ormr, which is identical with Old Icelandic ormr, "serpent, snake, dragon." Common in Norway from the earliest times. Occurs somewhat less frequently in Iceland. Also found in Sweden and Denmark. The first Danish King of East Anglia was named Guðþormr, usually anglicized as Godrum. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Godram, Goderam, Godran, Gutheramus, Gutherun, Gutherum, Guthrum. See also the discussion under Gormr, above. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. A diminuitive form of Guðþormr or Guttormr is Gutti. |
GB p. 10 s.nn. Guþormr, Guttormr; FJ pp. 112, 343, 350, 351 s.nn. Guðþormr, Guð-, -ormr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 207-208, 468-469 s.v. goð, ormr; NR s.n. GórmR, Guð-, -ormr, Guði, Guðki |
| Guðþorn |
Guðþorn. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. The second element -þorn is from the OW.Norse noun þorn, "thorn, thorn-bush". Runic examples include the nominative forms [kuþurn]. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ p. 343 s.n. Guð-; CV pp. 207-208, 742 s.v. goð, þorn; NR s.nn. Guðþorn, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -þorn |
| Guðúlfr |
This name is found in Old Swedish as Gudholf and in OW.Norse as Guðúlfr. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form [kuþulfR]. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 343, 351 s.nn. Guð-, -ulfr; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.nn. GuðulfR, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -ulfR |
| Guðvarðr |
Found in OW.Norse as Guðvarðr. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. A few instances are recorded in Iceland. Occurs in the runic nominative form kuþuar. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gutteworth. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 112, 344, 351 s.n. Guðvarðr, Guð-, -varðr; CV pp. 207-208, 722 s.v. goð, vorðr; NR s.nn. Guðvarðr, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -varðr |
| Guðvarr |
Found in Old Swedish as Gudhvar. For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. The etymology of the second element, -varr, is unclear. Nordiskt runnamnslexikon states that a Viking Age Scandinavian masculine personal name element -varr is doubtful. One such could nevertheless be postulated, as a name derived from either Germanic *warón "to be vigilant" (OW.Norse adj. varr "vigilant") or Germanic *warjan "defend, protect" (compare with the second element -warjaR in proto-Scandinavian runic inscriptions) or both. An alternative is that -varr is derived through a slight change from a name such as Boðvarr, Ingvarr or Sævarr, where the -v- belongs to the first element. Additionally one alternative is that the interpretation of Runic Norwegian names in -varr results from a phonetic development of -varðr. Runic examples of the name Guðvarr include the nominative forms kuþar, kuþuar and the accusative form kuþfar. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 344, 351-352 s.nn. Guð-, -varr; CV pp. 207-208, 722 s.v. goð, vorðr; NR s.nn. Guðvarr, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -varr |
| GuðvéR |
For the first element Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above. For the second element -vér or -vir see above. Nordiskt runnamnslexikon interprets this name as originally being a compound "god-priest". Runic examples include the nominative forms [kusu]ir, kuþuiR, the genitive form kuþuis and the accusative form (k)u(þ)ui. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 344, 352 s.nn. Guð-, -vér; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.nn. GuðvéR, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -véR |
| Gufi |
The name Gufi is found in Old Swedish as Guve or Gove, and represents a short form of the name Guðfastr. Runic examples include the nominative form kufi (4 instances) and the accusative form kufa. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Guue, Goue. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gufi; FJ pp. 113 s.n. Gufi; CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð; NR s.n. Gufi, Guðfastr, Guð-, -fastr |
| Gufubeinn |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation. Originally a by-name. The first element gufu- is related to either Old Icelandic gufa, "smoke, haze," or to Norwegian guva, "to cower, squat." The second element -beinn is identical to Old Icelandic bein, "bone, leg." Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Guuebein. |
FJ pp. 113, 348 s.n. *Gufubeinn, -beinn |
| Gulli |
This name, found in Old Swedish as Gulle or Golle, and in OW.Norse as Gulli, is a short form of Guðleifr. Runic examples include the nominative forms kuli, kuhli and the accusative form kula. |
NR s.n. Gulli |
| GullæifR |
The first element is actually Guð-, which sometimes loses the ð when combined with the second element (for Guð- and its side-form Goð- see above). For the second element -leifr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kulaifr, kulefr, kulifr, ulaifr, the genitive form kulifs, and the accusative form kulaif. A short form of Guðleifr is Gulli. A short form of names in Guð- is Guðki or Guði. |
FJ pp. 344, 350 s.n. Guð-, -leifr; CV pp. 207-208, 381 s.v. goð, leif; NR s.nn. GullæifR, GuðlafR, GuðlæifR, Guð-, Guði, Guðki, -læifR/-lafR |
| Gummi |
Found in Old Danish and OW.Norse as Gummi, and in Old Swedish as Gumme. Gummi is a short form of Guðmundr. Runic examples include the nominative forms |kumi, kum[in] and one in the accusative case form kum.... |
CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Gummi, Guðmundr, Guð-, -mundr |
| Gunnarr |
This name is found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Gunnar, and in OW.Norse as Gunnarr. The first element Gunn- is derived from OW.Norse gunnr or guðr, which in turn are from Primitive Scandinavian *gunþió-, which is derived from *gunþi-, "war, battle". For the second element -arr see above. Common in West Scandinavia from the Icelandic Settlement onwards. Common in Danish sources, including runic inscriptions. Found in Sweden. Runic examples include the nominative forms gunar, kuanr, kunar (27 instances), kunaR, (k)unor, the genitive forms kunas, kunars and the accusative forms kunar (15 instances), kunnr, kunor, ku(n)-r. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gunerus, Gunner, Guner, Gunnere, Gunre. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gunnarr; FJ pp. 113-114, 344, 348 s.nn. Gunnarr, Gunn-, -arr; CV p. 221 s.v. gunnr; NR s.nn. Gunnarr, Gunn-, Gunni, -gunnr, -arr |
| Gunnbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Gunbiorn and in OW.Norse as Gunnbjǫrn. For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kunbiarn (4 instances), kunbirn, kunbiur, k(u)nbiurn, kunborn, the accusative forms kun:birn, kun:brn, and one in which the case is uncertain, -kun(b)(a).... A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gunnbjǫrn; FJ pp. 344, 348 s.n. Gunn-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 221 s.v. björn, gunnr; NR s.nn. Gunnbiǫrn, Gunn-, Gunni, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| GunndiarfR |
For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. Runic examples include the nominative form kuntiarfr and the accusative form kuntiarf. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
FJ p. 344 s.n. Gunn-; CV pp. 100, 221 s.v. djarfr, gunnr; NR s.nn. GunndiarfR, Gunn-, Gunni, -diarfR |
| Gunnfarðr |
This form likely represents a scribal error: see discussion under Gunnvarðr. For the first element Gunn- see above. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gunnfarðr; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Gunn-; CV pp. 221, 722 s.v. gunnr, vorðr; NR s.nn. Gunnvarðr, Gunn-, Gunni |
| Gunnfrøðr, Gunnfriðr, Gunnrøðr |
For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -frøðr or -friðr see above. Gunnrøðr is found in West Scandinavia from the Icelandic Settlement onwards. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gunford, Gouerd. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
FJ pp. 114, 344, 348 s.nn. Gunnfrøðr, *Gunnfriðr, Gunn-, -friðr, -frøðr; CV p. 221 s.v. gunnr; NR s.nn. Gunn-, Gunni, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Gunnfúss |
For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -fúss see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form kunfus. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
FJ p. 344 s.n. Gunn-; CV pp. 178-179, 221 s.v. fúss, gunnr; NR s.nn. Gunnfúss, Gunn-, Gunni, -fúss |
| Gunnhvatr, Gunnhvati |
This name is found in Old Danish as Gunhwat, in Old Swedish as Gunhvat, and in OW.Norse as Gunnhvatr. For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -hvatr or its weak side-form -hvati see above. One instance is found in Iceland in 1218. A few instances appear in Norway after 1431. A Danish source records the form Gunuuatr. The name is also recorded in Swedish, with the side-form appearing in the Swedish place-name Gunwatabothum. Runic examples include the nominative form kunuatr, the genitive form (k)unuata- and the accusative forms kunuat, [kunuat]. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gunnewate, Gonnewate, Gonneeate, Gunwat, Gunnewat. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gunnhvatr; FJ pp. 116, 344, 349 s.nn. Gunnhvatr, *Gunnhvati, Gunn-, -hvatr; CV pp. 221, 297 s.v. gunnr, hvatr; NR s.nn. Gunnhvatr, Gunn-, Gunni, Hvatr, -hvatr |
| Gunni |
This name, found in Old Danish and OW.Norse as Gunni and in Old Swedish as Gunne, is a short form of masculine names in Gunn-. For the first element Gunn- see above. Found in Norway from the early 1000s onward. A few instances appear in Iceland. Runic examples include the nominative forms [kuin], kuni (11 instances), kun[in], the genitive form kuna (4 instances), and the accusative forms kuna (12 instances), kuno. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gunne, Guue, Gune, Gunni, Gunny. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gunni; FJ pp. 116-117, 344 s.nn. Gunni, Gunn-; CV p. 221 s.v. gunnr; NR s.nn. Gunni, Gunn- |
| Gunnketill, Gunnkell |
For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. Not found in West Scandinavia. Recorded in Danish sources, for instance appearing in Latin as Gunkildus and in Old Danish appearing in the form Gunkil. Occurs in the runic nominative form kun(t)(k)el. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gonchel, Gunchil, Gonchetel. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
FJ pp. 118, 344, 349 s.nn. Gunnketill, Gunn-, -ketill; CV pp. 221, 337-338 s.v. gunnr, ketill; NR s.nn. Gunnkæll, Gunn-, Gunni, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Gunnlaugr |
For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -laugr see above. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. A diminuitive form of Gunnlaugr is Laugi. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gunnlaugr; FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Gunn-, -laugr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV p. 221, 374 s.v. gunnr and laug def. IV; NR s.n. Gunn-, Gunni, -laugR |
| Gunnleifr |
This name is found in Old Danish as Gunlef and in OW.Norse as Gunnleifr. For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kunlaifR, kunlifR and the accusative form kunlaif. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Gunn-, -leifr; CV p. 221, 381 s.v. gunnr, leif; NR s.n. GunnlæifR, Gunn-, Gunni, -læifR/-lafR |
| Gunnmarr |
Found in OW.Norse as Gunnmarr. For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -marr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [kunimar] or [kuni:mar]. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Gunn-, -márr; CV pp. 221, 418, 443 s.v. gunnr, -már, mærr; NR s.n. Gunnmarr, Gunn-, Gunni, -marr |
| Gunnmundr |
Found in Old Swedish as Gunmund and in OW.Norse as Gunnmundr. For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form [kunmut]. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Gunn-, -mundr; CV pp. 221, 437-438 s.v. gunnr, mundr; NR s.n. Gunnmundr, Gunn-, Gunni, -mundr, Mundi |
| Gunnólfr |
Found in Old Danish as Gunnulf, in Old Swedish as Gunnolf, and in OW.Norse as Gunnólfr or Gunnúlfr. For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kunulfR, [kunulfR], the genitive forms kunulfs, kun(u)--s, and the accusative form kunulf. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gunnólfr; FJ pp. 344, 351 s.n. Gunn-, -ulfr; CV p. 221 s.v. gunnr; NR s.n. GunnulfR, Gunn, Gunni, -ulfR |
| GunnræifR |
For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -ræifR see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kuntraifr. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
FJ p. 344 s.n. Gunn-; CV pp. 221, 490 s.v. gunnr, reifr; NR s.n. GunnræifR, Gunn-, Gunni, -ræifR |
| Gunnsteinn |
This name is found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish as Gunsten, and occurs in OW.Norse as Gunnsteinn. For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Found in the runic nominative form [k]u[n]sein. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gunnsteinn; FJ pp. 344, 351 s.n. Gunn-, -steinn; CV pp. 221, 591 s.v. gunnr, steinn; NR s.nn. Gunnstæinn, Gunn-, Gunni, -stæinn |
| Gunnvaldr |
Found in Old Danish as Gunwald, in Old Swedish as Gunvald, and in OW.Norse as Gunnvaldr. For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms (k)hunaltr, khu[nal-](r), the genitive form kun'uAlts| and the accusative form kunuat. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gunnvaldr; FJ pp. 344, 351 s.n. Gunn-, -valdr; CV pp. 221, 675 s.v. gunnr, valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Gunnvaldr, Gunn-, Gunni, -valdr |
| Gunnvarðr |
For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. This name is found in Old Danish as Gunward and in OW.Norse as Gunnvarðr. West Scandinavian sources record this name for a foreign priest named Gvnnfardr and one instance in 1448, Gunnvardher. Danish has a single occurrence of Gunwerd, which may be a loan from Continental German Gunduard. Runic examples include the nominative forms kunua[r] and kunu[ar]. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gunneword, Gonword. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
FJ pp. 118, 344, 351 s.n. Gunnvarðr, Gunn-, -varðr; CV pp. 221, 722 s.v. gunnr, vorðr; NR s.n. Gunnvarðr, Gunn-, Gunni, -varðr |
| Gunnvarr |
The name Gunnvarr is known from runic evidence, which may instead represent the masculine name Gunnvarðr or the feminine name Gunnvor. For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -varr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kunua[r], kunu[ar] and the accusative form kunuar. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
FJ pp. 344, 351-352 s.nn. Gunn-, -varr; CV pp. 221, 722 s.v. gunnr, vorðr; NR s.nn. Gunnvarr, Gunn-, Gunni |
| Gunnviðr |
This name occcurs in Old Swedish as Gunvidh. For the first element Gunn- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kunuiþr, kunuþr and the accusative form [kunu(in)þ]. A short form of names in Gunn- is Gunni. |
FJ pp. 344, 352 s.nn. Gunn-, -viðr; CV pp. 221, 703-704 s.v. gunnr, viðr; NR s.nn. Gunnviðr, Gunn-, Gunni, -viðr |
| Gusi |
Originally a by-name. Fellows-Jensen thinks that it is possibly related to Old Icelandic gusa, "to splash water about," or gusa, "short snow-storm," or the Danish dialect guse, "shiver," or Swedish dialect guse, "fool." Gusir appears as a fictional West Scandinavian character in ch. 3 of Ketils saga hængs, and also appears in place-names in Norway. Gusi appears as a by-name in Norway. Guse is found in Sweden as both a by-name and a personal name, and as a by-name in Denmark. Nordiskt runnamnslexikon says that this name is derived from a verb related to Nynorsk gusa "to groan, to sigh," which also may be related to OW.Norse gjósa "break from, stream out". The runic evidence is unclear, since the nominative form kusi may represent any of Gusi, Gussi, or Kúsi. Anglo-Scandinavian forms may include Guse, Gusa, Gusse. |
FJ pp. 119 s.nn. Gusi, Gussi; NR s.nn. Gusi, Gussi, Kúsi |
| Gussi |
Short form of names such as Gudhsten, Gudhsærk, Gunnsteinn. Gussi is found as a personal name in Sweden, with a single instance in Denmark as a by-name. It is found in Old Danish as Guzi and in Old Swedish as Guze or Gus(s)e. This name is a short form created by adding the second element -si to a name in Guð-. The runic evidence is unclear, since the nominative form kusi may represent any of Gusi, Gussi, or Kúsi. Anglo-Scandinavian forms may include Guse, Gusa, Gusse. |
FJ pp. 119 s.nn. Gusi, Gussi; NR s.nn. Gusi, Gussi, Kúsi |
| Goti, Guti |
Found in Old Danish as Goti and as the by-name Gute. Occurs in Old Swedish as Guti and as the by-names Gote, Gute. In OW.Norse, Goti is found as a by-name. From OW.Norse goti "Gotlander". Runic examples include the nominative forms kuti and [kuti] and the accusative forms kuta, [kuti]. |
NR s.n. Guti |
| GutiR |
Of uncertain etymology. Occurs in the runic genitive case form kutis. |
NR s.n. GutiR |
| Gutti |
Diminuitive form of Guðþormr, Guttormr or occasionally Guðbrandr. |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Gvendr, Gvondr |
Short form of Guðmundr. |
CV pp. 207-208 s.v. goð |
| GyðingR |
Of uncertain etymology. Found in the runic genitive case form [kuþi(k)]s. Note: The Old Danish gything "man from Goinge" is found as a by-name, but is not related to this name. |
NR s.n. GyðingR |
| Gýi |
Of uncertain etymology, perhaps a formation from the feminine name Gyða or Gyríðr. Runic examples include the nominative forms ku, kui, ky. |
NR s.n. Gýi |
| Gýlaugr |
For the second element -laugr see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gýlaugr; FJ pp. 350 s.n. -laugr; CV pp. 374 s.v. laug def. IV; NR s.n. -laugR |
| Gylfi, GylfiR |
This name is found in OW.Norse as the fictional names Gylfi or GylfiR, best-known from "Gylfaginning" (The Deluding of Gylfi), a part of Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda. The name is derived from Germanic *gulb-, which is also found in OW.Norse gylfr, a poetical name for "stream, small river" and is derived from a root-word meaning "rippling sea which yells and roars". Fellows-Jensen thinks that the name is a short form of Gjalfvér. Occurs as a human name in the runic nominative form kiulfiR, in an inscription detailing various land and estates owned by Gylfir. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Gilfit. |
FJ pp. 120 s.n. Gylfi; NR s.n. GylfiR |
| Gylli |
This name, of uncertain etymology, also occurs in Old Swedish as by-name Gylle. It may occur in the runic kiuli, however, the inscription may instead represent the name Kiúli. It has been suggested that Gylli may be a short form of Guðleifr, and if this interpretation is correct, then the Old Swedish by-name is not related. |
NR s.n. Gylli, Kiúli, Guðlæifr |
| GylliR |
Occurs in OW.Norse as the mythological character name Gyllir. It is derived from the OW.Norse noun gull "gold" or the OW.Norse verb gjalla "one who makes a loud noise; to shriek." Occurs in the runic nominative form kyliR as the name of a human man in an inscription that reads, "Geirbjǫrn and Gyllir and Jógeirr and ... the stone raised in memory of Geirmundr, ... man." |
NR s.n. GylliR |
| Gyrðr |
This name is found in Old Danish as Gyrth, in Old Swedish as Giordh, Giurdh, or Gyrdh, and in OW.Norse as Gyrðr. It is formed as a contracted form of OW.Norse Guðrøðr, which is derived from *GuðfriðuR. Frequent in Norway after 1300. Found in Danish sources including runic inscriptions and possibly in some place-names. Also found in Sweden. Runic examples include the genitive form [gurþaR] and the accusative form (g)yrþ. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Girth, Gird, Guert, Guerd, Girz, Gerdus. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Gyrðr; FJ pp. 120; NR s.nn. Gyrðr, Guð-, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Gyrgir |
|
GB p. 10 s.n. Gyrgir |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Hábeinn |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation. Here the first element Há- is derived from Primitive Scandinavian *hauha, related to Old Icelandic hár, "high." For the second element -beinn see above. This name is related to numerous -beinn by-names, and to Háleggr. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Aben. |
FJ pp. 121, 344, 348 s.nn. *Hábeinn, Há-, -beinn |
| Habi, Habbi |
Anglo-Scandinavian short form of names such as Hábjǫrn, Hábeinn, Hagbarðr. A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation, but may represent instead Old English name forms such as *Habba, Heahneorht or Heardbeorht. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian name Habbe and place-names Habetun, Abbetune. |
FJ pp. 121 s.nn. *Habi, *Habbi |
| Haddr, Haddi |
Originally a by-name, "man with abundant hair." A few instances are found in Norway. The form Hadde is found in Denmark and Sweden. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Hadde. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Haddr; FJ pp. 121 s.nn. Haddr, Haddi |
| Háðski |
Derived from an adjective related to the OW.Norse noun háð "scorn, disgrace, insult," with a sense of "the surprised" or "the scornful." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form haþska in an inscription which reads, "Freysteinn raised this stone in memory of Háðski, his father." |
NR s.n. Háðski |
| Hægwin |
Although this name is not documented in Old English, it may represent an English name. Runic examples include the nominative forms hik'uin. |
NR s.n. Hægwin |
| Hængr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Hængr |
| Hæra |
Found as both a name and a by-name in Old Swedish in the form Hæra. Occurs in OW.Norse in the form Hæra as a feminine name and as a masculine mythological name. From OW.Norse hæra "grey-haired; elderly". It is definitely shown as a human masculine name in the runic inscriptions, for example: "Erinvardhr had this stone raised in memory of Heggi, his father and Hæra, his (i.e. Heggi's) father, and Karl, his (i.e. Hæra's) father and Hæra, his father and Thegn, his father and in memory of these five forefathers." Runic examples include the accusative form heru, iru. |
NR s.n. Hæra |
| Hæringr |
Originally a by-name, "hoary one, white-haired man." One or two instances are found in West Scandinavia. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Henrithorp, Heringthorp, Heryngrodeyng. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Hæringr; FJ pp. 147-148 s.n. Hæringr |
| HættingR |
Derived from OW.Norse hattr, hottr "hat, hood". Occurs in the runic nominative form hat(in)kr. |
NR s.n. HættingR |
| Hafgrímr |
The first element Haf- is identical with Old Icelandic haf, "sea." For the second element -grímr see above. A few instances are found in the Faroe Islands, one settler in Greenland and a few Icelanders. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Hauegrim. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Hafgrímr; FJ pp. 122, 344, 349 s.nn. Hafgrímr, Haf-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.n. -grímR |
| Hafliði |
For the first element Haf- see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Hafliði; FJ p. 344 s.n. Haf- |
| Hafljótr |
For the first element Haf- see above. For the second element -ljótr see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Hafljótr; FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Haf-, ljótr |
| Hafr |
Found in Old Swedish as Haver, occurs in OW.Norse as Hafr (also found as a by-name). Originally a by-name, derived from the OW.Norse noun hafr "buck, he-goat". Common in West Scandinavia as both a personal name and a by-name. May be found in some Danish place-names. Found in the runic genitive case form habrs. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Hauergate. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Hafr; FJ p. 121 s.n. Hafr; NR s.n. Hafr |
| Hafrsteinn |
For the first element Hafr- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Hafrsteinn; FJ pp. 121, 344, 351 s.nn. Hafr, Haf-, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. Hafr, -stæinn |
| Hafþórir, Hafþórr |
For the first element Haf- see above. For the second element -þórr see above. At times the second element -þórr may represent a contacted form of -Þórir, which is also found as the OW.Norse name Þórir, from *Þunra-wíhaR (compare with the first element Þór- and the second element -vér) or perhaps *Þunra-iaR. Several researchers see this as a compound with an original meaning of "Thórr's priest". An alternative explanation is that *Þunra-iaR is created by the occurrence of a second element in -þórr. In the secondary element, a weak inflected side-form seems to be how this compound developed. |
GB p. 10 s.nn. Hafþórir, Hafþórr; FJ pp. 121, 344, 347, 351 s.nn. Hafr, Haf-, Þór-, -þórr; CV p. 743 s.v. Þórr; NR s.nn. Þórr, -þórr, -þóriR, ÞóriR |
| Hagbarðr |
Found in Old Danish as Haghbarth, in Old Swedish as Haghbardh, and in OW.Norse as Hagbarðr. Originally a German name (OH.German Hagupart, from *hag- "enclosed pasture" or the adjective *hag- "comfortable; capable" and *barð- "beard), imported early into Scandinavia with the saga of Hagbard and Signe. Runic examples include the nominative forms ahbaþr, iahbaþr. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Hacberd, Haberd, Agword. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Hagbarðr; FJ p. 122 s.n. Hagbarðr; NR s.n. Hagbarðr |
| Hagni, Hogni |
Found in Old Danish as Haghni or Hoghni, found in Old Swedish as Haghne or Høghne, and found in OW.Norse as Hogni. Originally a German name (Old High German Hagano), Derived from *Hagan-, *Hagun- (from *hag- "enclosed pasture"); or may be "protect, defend." This name was imported early into Scandinavia with the Hjaðning sagas. Occurs in the runic nominative form hkni. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Haghne, Hagne, Hangen, Hagen. |
FJ pp. 122 s.nn. Hagni, Hogni; NR s.n. Hagni |
| Hagnviðr |
The first element Hagn- may be related to Hagni. For the suffix -viðr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form haknuiþr. |
FJ p. 352 s.n. -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Hagnviðr, Hagn-, -viðr |
| Hagsteinn |
The first element Hag- is, despite the presence of the imported name Hagbarðr, unknown in the Viking Age materials but occurs in domestic names in Old Swedish. For the second element -steinn see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form hakstain. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Hagstæinn, Hægstæinn |
| Haki |
Found in Old Danish as the personal name Haki and as a by-name, Hake. Found in OW.Norse as Haki, both as a personal name and as a by-name. Occurs in Old Swedish as the by-name Hake. From the OW.Norse noun *haki "hook," although the Old Danish by-name may be derived from Old Danish *haka, "chin." Appears frequently in legendary history. Occurs as a personal name and as a by-name in Norway. In Denmark mainly found in South Jutland from the end of the 15th century, but also as a place-name in some early Danish sources. Occurs in Swedish runic inscriptions as a personal name. Some forms may represent a short form of Hákon. Occurs in the runic nominative form ha(k)-. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Hake, Haket, Hacat, Hachet, Haget. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Haki; FJ pp. 123-124 s.n. Haki; NR s.n. Haki |
| Hakikarl |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation from Haki and the second element -karl (see above). Found in the name Richard Hacekarl. |
FJ pp. 123-124 s.nn. Haki, *Hakikarl |
| HaklangR |
This name is found in Old Danish as Haklang, and occurs in OW.Norse as the name of a fictional character, Haklangr, in ch. 19 of Haraldar saga hárfagra, as well as being found as a by-name. The etymology of this name is uncertain. It is interpreted as "tall and hare-lipped person," but may also be related to hak "to score, to cut." Whether the first element in this name is from hak or a stem in haka, "chin," is uncertain. Runic examples include the genitive form haklaks (found as a by-name), and in the accusative case form h(k)(l)ak. |
NR s.n. HaklangR |
| Hákon |
Found in Old Danish as Hakun, occurs in Old Swedish as either Hakon or Hakan, and found in OW.Norse as Hákon. The first element Há- comes from one of three possible origins: the first is Primitive Germanic *hanha< Primitive Scandinavian*hanhista, "horse", related to Old Icelandic hestr; the second is Primitive Scandinavian *hauha, related to Old Icelandic hár, "high"; the third is Primitive Scandinavian *haþu, related to Old Icelandic hoð, "battle". It is almost impossible to determine which of these three elements is present in any given name with the Há- first element. The second element is probably from -konr, "son, descendant", or may be from <-kyn, related to Old Norse kyn, "kin". The name Hákon is rare in Iceland, but very common in Norway after 1000. This name is common in Danish and Swedish sources. Runic examples include the nominative forms akhun, a[k]un, [akun], hakun (6 instances), haku(n), hakuno, hkun, hokun, the genitive case forms hakunar, hakunaR, hkunaR, and the accusative forms [akun], hakun. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Hacon, Hacun. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hákon; FJ pp. 124-126, 344 s.nn. Hákon, Há-; NR s.n. Hákon, Há- |
| Hákr |
Originally a by-name meaning "a kind of fish." Occurs occasionally as a fictional name and as a by-name in West Scandinavia. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Ach, Hax, Hac. |
FJ p. 123 s.n. Hákr |
| Háleygr |
Man from Hálogaland. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Háleygr |
| Halfburinn |
From *halfburinn "half-born", in the sense of "(give birth to) a half-brother." Runic examples include the nominative forms halburin, halfburin. |
NR s.n. Halfburinn |
| Hálfdan, Halfdan |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Halfdan, and in OW.Norse as Hálfdan. From OW.Norse *halfdanr "half-Danish, one who has a Danish mother or father." Runic examples include the nominative forms alfnthan, alfton, althrn, halfntan, halftan (10 instances), ha(l)ftan, [halft-], hal(t)an, [haltan], haltin, [hefton], ...ftan, [...lfton], --ltan, the genitive forms halfanar, half..., halt..., hlftahaR, and the accusative forms alfntan, haftan, halftan (7 instances), hal(f)tan, [halfti...], haltan, halton, [hlftain], hlftan, [hlftan], hltan. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Aldene, Alden, Aldean, Aldan, Haldan, Halden, Haldanus, Haldein, Haldeng, Haltein, Haltain, Altain, Halfdene, Hautayn, Hauteyn. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hálfdan; FJ pp. 126-129 s.n. Halfdan; NR s.n. Halfdan |
| Hálfgeirr |
For the first element Hálf- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hálfgeirr; FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Hálfr |
See Hálf- above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hálfr |
| Hallaðr |
The first element Hall- is identical to OW.Norse hallr "(flat) stone, slab." For the second element, -aðr, see above. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Hallaðr; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Hall-; CV pp. 235 s.v. hallr; NR s.nn. Hallr, Hall-, -aðr |
| Hallbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Halbiorn and in OW.Norse as Hallbjǫrn. For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Frequent in early period Norway, becoming popular again in the 1300's. Not recorded in Denmark, but found in Sweden. Runic examples include the nominative forms halburin and hilbiarn. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Halbtoft, Habirtoft, Halbertoft. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Hallbjǫrn; FJ pp. 129, 344, 348 s.nn. Hallbjǫrn, Hall-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 235 s.v. bjǫrn, hallr; NR s.nn. Hallbiǫrn, Hallr, Hall-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Halldórr, Hallþórr |
For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -þórr see above. A common name in Norway and Iceland. Also found in Sweden, but rare in Denmark. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Haltor, Altor, Heltor, Eltor, Althor, Halthor. |
GB p. 10 s.n. Halldórr; FJ pp. 129, 344, 347, 351 s.nn. Halldórr, Hall-, Þór-, -þórr; CV pp. 235, 743 s.v. hallr, Þórr; NR s.nn. Hallr, Hall- |
| Hallfreðr, Hallfrøðr |
Found in Old Swedish as Halffred and in OW.Norse as Hallfrøðr. For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -frøðr see above. Occurs in the runic genitive case form halfr.... |
GB p. 10-11 s.nn. Hallfreðr, Hallfrøðr; FJ pp. 344, 348 s.n. Hall-, -frøðr; CV pp. 235 s.v. hallr; NR s.nn. Hallfrøðr, Hallfríðr, Hallr, Hall-, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Hallgeirr |
Found in OW.Norse as Hallgeirr. For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form hlkaiR. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hallgeirr; FJ pp. 344, 349 s.nn. Hall-, -geirr; CV pp. 196, 235 s.v. geirr, hallr; NR s.nn. HallgæiRR, Hallr, Hall-, GæiRR, GæiR-, -gæiRR |
| Hallgils |
For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hallgils; FJ pp. 344, 349 s.nn. Hall-, -gísl; CV pp. 196, 235 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli, hallr; NR s.nn. Hallr, Hall-, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Hallgrímr |
For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hallgrímr; FJ pp. 344, 349 s.nn. Hall-, -grímr; CV pp. 216, 235 s.v. gríma, hallr; NR s.n. Hallr, Hall-, -grímR |
| Halli |
This name is a diminuitive form of Hallr. For the first element Hall- see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Halli; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Hall-; CV pp. 235 s.v. hallr; NR s.n. HallR, Hall- |
| Hallkell |
For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hallkell; FJ pp. 344, 349 s.nn. Hall-, -ketill; CV pp. 235, 337-338 s.v. hallr, ketill; NR s.n. Hallr, Hall-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Hallmundr |
For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Hall-, -mundr; CV pp. 235, 438-438 s.v. hallr, mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Hallr, Hall-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Hallormr |
For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -ormr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hallormr; FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Hall-, -ormr; CV pp. 235, 468-469 s.v. hallr, ormr; NR s.nn. Hallr, Hall-, OrmR |
| Hallr |
The name Hallr is found in OW.Norse both as a personal name and as a by-name. From OW.Norse hallr "(flat) stone, slab". Occurs in the runic accusative form al. A diminuitive form of this name is Halli. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hallr; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Hall-; CV p. 235 s.v. hallr |
| Hallsteinn |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Halsten, occurs in OW.Norse as Hallsteinn. For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms alsten, [halstain], halstun. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hallsteinn; FJ pp. 344, 351 s.nn. Hall-, -steinn; CV pp. 235, 591 s.v. hallr, steinn; NR s.nn. Hallstæinn, Hallr, Hall-, -stæinn |
| Hallvarðr |
Found in Old Danish as Halwarth, in Old Swedish as Halvardh, and in OW.Norse as Hallvarðr. For the first element Hall- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. Very common in Norway, though less so in Iceland. Frequent in the Halland area of Sweden. Runic examples include the nominative form hal(u)arþr and the accusative form aluarþ. Anglo-Scandinavian forms of the name may include the place-name Alwariding and the personal names Hálwærð, Aluuard, although these may be derived from the Old English names Alweard, Ælfweard, Æðelweard, etc. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hallvarðr; FJ pp. 129-130, 344, 351 s.nn. Hallvarðr, Hall-, -varðr; CV pp. 235, 722 s.v. hallr, vorðr; NR s.nn. Hallvarðr, Hallr, Hall-, -varðr |
| Halmi |
Originally a by-name from Old Icelandic hálmr, "straw". Borne by the father of one of the Landnámsmenn, as well as a few others in Iceland. |
FJ pp. 130 s.n. Halmi |
| Háls |
Found in Old Danish as Hals (also found as a by-name), in OW.Norse as Háls (also found as a by-name), and in Old Swedish as the by-name Hals. From OW.Norse hals "neck". Runic examples include the nominative form hals and the accusative form hals. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Háls; NR s.n. Hals |
| Halti |
Originally a by-name. Fairly common as a personal name in Iceland and found occasionally in Norway as well. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Halte, Malte, and the place-name Haltecroftes. |
FJ pp. 130 s.n. Halti |
| Hamall |
A few instances occur in West Scandinavia in the early 1000's. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Hamethwayt, Hamelswaith, Hamestheieth. |
GB pp. 11 s.n. Hamall; FJ p. 130 s.n. Hamall |
| Hamarr |
Originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic hamarr, used for both "hammer" and also in place-names describing a hammer-shaped crag or steep rock. Occurs a few times in West Scandinavia as a by-name. There are a few late occurrences of the name in Denmark, and it may possibly occur in the earlier Danish place-name Hammerstrup or Hammarsþorp, though this may also refer to the worship of the god Þórr. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place name Toft Hameri. |
FJ p. 130-131 s.n. Hamarr |
| Hamr |
A name assumed by the hero Helgi Hálfdanarson in Hrólfs saga kraka ok kappa hans. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Hamethwayt, Hamelswaith, and Hamestheieth, or these may derive instead from Hamall. |
FJ p. 130 s.n. Hamr |
| Hámundi, Hámundr |
The first element Há- here derives either from Primitive Germanic *hanha, "horse", or from Primitive Scandinavian *hauha, related to Old Icelandic hár, "high". For the second element -mundr or the weak side-form -mundi see above. Hámundr is found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Hamund and in OW.Norse as Hámundr. Hámundr occurs in West Scandinavia from the time of the settlement of Iceland, and remained popular in Iceland though it became less-used in Norway, and was also found in Denmark, and fairly frequent in Sweden. Runic examples of Hámundi include the nominative form hamunti and the accusative form hamnta. Hámundr occurs in the runic nominative form hamunr. Hámundr may occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Hamund, Hammund, Hamond. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB pp. 11 s.n. Hámundr; FJ pp. 131-132, 344, 350 s.nn. Hámundr, Há-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Hámundi, Hámundr, Há-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Handi |
Originally a by-name, "with deformed hands". occurs once in Iceland in 1222, and perhaps in some West Scandinavian place-names. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Handebek, Handtoftgate, Handebec. |
FJ pp. 132 s.n. Handi |
| Hand |
Found in Old Swedish as by-name Hand. From OW.Norse noun hond "hand". Runic examples include the nominative form hont and as by-names in the genitive forms hantaR, han[t]aR. |
NR s.n. Hand |
| Hánefr |
Originally a by-name. The first element Há- here may derive either from Primitive Germanic *hanha, "horse", or from Primitive Scandinavian *hauha, related to Old Icelandic hár, "high". |
GB pp. 11 s.n. Hánefr; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Há-; NR s.n. Há- |
| Hani |
Found in Old Danish as Hani (also found as a by-name), in Old Swedish as the by-name Hane, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Hani. From OW.Norse hani "cock". Occurs in the runic nominative form hani. |
NR s.n. Hani |
| Hár |
The OW.Norse name Hár appears in the mythology as an alias of the god Óðinn. From the OW.Norse adjective hár, hor, hór, which derived from *hauhaR, "high". Occurs in the runic nominative form HauR. Nordiskt runnamnslexikon classes this among human names. |
NR s.n. HoR |
| Haraldr, Harvaldr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Harald, and in OW.Norse as Haraldr. The first element Har- or Her- comes from *harja and is related to Old Icelandic herr, "army, military force," derived from Germanic *harjaz. The side-form Har- occurs before non-palatal vowels. For the second element -valdr see above. The name probably was borrowed into Danish from the Continental Germanic area, and was borrowed from there by the Norwegian royal house. The name became popular in Norway in the 1200's. Also common in Sweden and Denmark. A single early instance occurs in Normandy as Haralt. The absent sound in the first element may be explained by the name being brought into Scandinavia after the i-sound period. Runic examples include the nominative forms aratr, haraltr, haralt(r), [haralt(R)], the genitive forms harals, harats, hrhls and the accusative forms haralt, [haralt]. Related to Old English Hereweald. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Harold, Harald, Herold, Arald. |
GB pp. 11 s.n. Haraldr; FJ pp. 132-134, 351 s.nn. Haraldr, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Haraldr, Har-, Hær(in)-, -valdr |
| Harðænni |
The first element Harð- is from the OW.Norse adjective horðr "hard, strong". Perhaps compounded with OW.Norse enni "forehead": "one who has a hard forehead". Occurs in the runic accusative case form [harþin(a)]. |
NR s.nn. Harðænni, Harð- |
| Harðaknútr |
For the first element Harð- see above. Found in Denmark as a king's name. The Anglo-Scandinavian form appears as Hardecnut. |
FJ pp. 134 s.n. Harðaknútr; NR s.n. Harð- |
| Harðbeinn |
For the first element Harð- see above. For the second element -beinn see above. |
GB pp. 11 s.n. Harðbeinn; FJ pp. 348 s.n. -beinn; NR s.n. Harð- |
| Harðgeirr |
For the first element Harð- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form [arþkaiR]. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. HarðgæiRR, Harð-, -gæiRR |
| Harðgrípr |
Originally a by-name, "firm grasp." For the first element Harð- see above. Occurs in the mythological sources in West Scandinavia and as the by-name harðgreipi. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian form Ardegrip. |
FJ pp. 134 s.n. Harðgrípr; NR s.n. Harð- |
| Harði |
Found in Old Swedish as Hardhe (also found as a by-name), in Old Danish as by-name Harthe, and in OW.Norse as the by-name of a fictional character, Harði. From the OW.Norse adjective horðr "hard, strong". Occurs in the runic nominative form harþi. |
NR s.nn. Harði, Harð- |
| Harðnefr |
For the first element Harð- see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Harðnefr; NR s.n. Harð- |
| Harðr, Horðr |
Found both as a name and by-name, including Old Danish Harth, Old Swedish Hardh, and OW.Norse Horðr. From the OW.Norse adjective horðr "hard, strong." OW.Norse Horðr is interpreted as "man from Hordaland". Runic examples include the nominative form [hrþuR], the genitive forms harþar, [harþiR] and the accusative form harþ. |
NR s.nn. Harðr, Harð- |
| Harðsteinn |
May occur in Old Danish as Horsten. Found both as a name and as a by-name in Old Swedish in the form Hardhsten, though it is thought that the by-name is not identical to the personal name. For the first element Harð- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms arþsten, harþtstain. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Harðstæinn, Harð-, -stæinn |
| Hárekr |
For the first element Há- see above. For the second element -rekr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hárekr; FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Há-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Hári |
Originally a by-name related to hárr, "gray-haired, hoary", or may derive from an Old Danish and Swedish by-name hare, "hare, rabbit". A few early instances are found in West Scandinavia. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Harebi, Harehou, Haretoft, or these may derive instead from Old English hær, "a heap of stones". |
FJ pp. 134-135 s.n. Hári |
| Harmsorgi |
The derivation of this name is uncertain. May be derived from an OW.Norse compound *harmsorg, from harmr "sorrow, grief" and sorg "sorrow, grief". Occurs in the runic accusative form [haramsrka]. |
NR s.n. Harmsorgi |
| Harri |
|
GB pp. 11 s.n. Harri |
| HárukR |
Found in Old Swedish as Harok. May be related to OW.Norse Hárekr, Found in Old Danish as Harek. In this case the first element is from Há- and the second element comes from -ríkR (For the suffix -ríkr or -rekr see above.) or *-hruk- (from the stem *hreuk-, *hrauk-, *hruk- "small pile, stack, hill" etc., ordinarily found in place-names). It is also conceivable that this name originates in the compound *háhrukR. Runic examples include the genitive form haruks and the accusative form haruk. |
FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Há-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. HárukR, RíkR, -ríkR |
| Hásteinn |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Hasten, and in OW.Norse as Hásteinn. Here the first element Há- is probably derived from *hauha, related to Old Icelandic hár, "high", but also see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Found in Norway and Iceland during the Viking Age, occurs later in Denmark and Sweden. Runic examples include the nominative form hastain and the accusative forms hastain, hastin. Recorded as Hastenchus in Normandy. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Hestynschate. |
GB pp. 11 s.n. Hásteinn; FJ pp. 134-135, 344, 351 s.nn. Hásteinn, Há-, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Hástæinn, Há-, -stæinn |
| Hattr |
Originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic hottr, hattr, "hat, hood". The form Hottr occurs in West Scandinavian fictional sources, for example in ch. 33 of Hrólfs saga kraka ok kappa hans, and as the Norwegian by-name Hattr. Found also in Sweden and Denmark. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Hatterberga and Haterwic. |
FJ pp. 135 |
| Haukr |
Originally a by-name from OW.Norse haukr "hawk". Common as a personal name in West Scandinavia, especially in Iceland, where it also occurs as a by-name. Found in Old Swedish and Old Danish as both a personal name and as a by-name in the form Høk. Occurs in OW.Norse as Haukr, where it also is found as both a personal name and as a by-name. Runic examples include the nominative forms [hauk|], haukR, [hauk-], hukR. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Houcbyg, Hokeswra, Houcheswell, Hochesuuic, Houkeswic, Haukeswic, Haukesgard, Haukescou, Houkeshill, Haukscrode, and the names Hoc, Haukerin, though these may instead be derived from Old English hafoc, "hawk" as either a by-name, a personal-name, or the animal name. |
GB pp. 11 s.n. Haukr; FJ pp. 135-136 s.n. Haukr; NR s.n. Haukr |
| Haukreiði |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation, from a by-name, "ready as a hawk." Found in the place-name Haukeraytheker. |
FJ pp. 135-136 s.nn. Haukr, *Haukreiði; NR s.n. Haukr |
| Háulfr, Hálfr |
Here the first element Há- is probably derived from either *hanha, related to Old Icelandic hestr, "horse" or from *hauha, related to Old Icelandic hár, "high", but also see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Also found in OW.Norse in the form Hálfr (a fictional character, for example in Hálfs saga og Hálfsrekka or in Norna-Gests þáttr ch. 2). Occurs in the runic accusative form haulf. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Holfdale, and in the name Haulf. |
FJ pp. 136, 344, 347, 351 s.nn. Háulfr, Há-, -ulfr; NR s.nn. HáulfR/HolfR, Há-, -ulfR |
| Haurr |
From Primitive Scandinavian *haburaR "buck, he-goat." Runic examples include the nominative form haur and the accusative form haur. |
NR s.n. Haurr |
| Haursi |
Found in Old Swedish as Høsse. From Primitive Scandinavian *haburaR "buck, he-goat" plus the diminuitive suffix -si. Runic examples include the nominative form haursi and the accusative forms aursa, haursa, mursa. |
NR s.nn. Haurr, Haursi |
| Hávarðr |
Found in Old Danish as Hawarth, in Old Swedish as Havardh, and in OW.Norse as Hávarðr. Here the first element Há- is probably derived from either *hauha, related to Old Icelandic hár, "high" or from *haþu, related to Old Icelandic hoð, "battle", but also see above. For the second element -varðr see above. Found in Iceland at the time of the Settlement and common in Norway from 1200 onwards. Also found in Sweden and Denmark. Runic examples include the nominative forms auarþR, hu(a)rþ(r) and on example in which the case is uncertain as auarþ. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Howard, Haward, Hawarð, Hauuard, Hauuart and the place-names Awartorp, Hawardeshou Wapentac, Hawardebi, Hawardabi, Houwardmar. |
GB pp. 11 s.n. Hávarðr; FJ pp. 136-137, 344, 351 s.nn. Hávarðr, Há-, -varðr; CV p. 722 s.v. vorðr; NR s.nn. Hávarðr, Há-, -varðr |
| Hávarr |
For the first element Há- see above. For the second element -varr see above. |
GB pp. 11 s.n. Hávarr; FJ pp. 344, 348 s.n. Há-, -varr; NR s.n. Há-, -varr |
| Heðinn |
The name-elements Heðin-, -heðinn and the single-element name Heðinn are of disputed derivation. The name may have come into Scandinavia as a Continental Germanic loan from the Hjaðninga saga, related to Continental German Hetan. There is a discrepancy in pronunciation between medieval West Scandinavian forms (Heðin-, -heðinn) and medieval East Scandinavian forms (Hiðin-, -hiðinn). The OW.Norse form with /e/ is assumed to have been formed along the pattern of OW.Norse heðinn "fur, pelt," but the discrepancy between the East Scandinavian /i/ and the West Scandinavian /e/ may also be explained as a change according to normal phonetic priciples. The Viking Age runic examples seems to occur both as /i/ and /e/. Common in Norway, especially during the Viking Age and common in Iceland. Occasionally found in Sweden and Denmark as well. Runic examples include the nominative forms [haþin], heþin, (h)iþi(n), and the accusative forms hiþin, iþin. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Edeshale, Heþensale, Hednesleya, Hedinslaie. |
GB pp. 11 s.n. Heðinn; FJ pp. 137 s.n. Heðinn; NR s.nn. Heðin-/Hiðin-, -heðinn/-hiðinn, Heðinn/Hiðinn |
| Heðinbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Hidhinbiorn. For the first element Heðin- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Runic examples include the nominative form [hiþibiarn] and the accusative form hiþinbiurn. |
FJ pp. 137, 348 s.n. Heðinn, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Heðin-/Hiðinbiǫrn, Heðin-/Hiðin-, -biǫrn |
| Heðinfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Hidhinvast. For the first element Heðin- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case forms heþinfastþ, hiþinfast. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ p. 137 s.n. Heðinn; CV p. 145 s.v. fastr; NR s.nn. Heðin-/Hiðinfastr, Heðin-/Hiðin-, -fastr, Fasti |
| Heðingeirr |
For the first element Heðin- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms hiþinkair, hiþinka... |
FJ pp. 137, 349 s.nn. Heðinn, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. Heðin-/HiðingæiRR, Heðin-/Hiðin-, -gæiRR |
| Hefnir |
Compare with Old Danish as Hefni, Old Swedish Hæmne. From OW.Norse hefnir "avenger, heir, son." Runic examples include the nominative forms hafnir and the accusative form hefni. |
NR s.n. HæfniR |
| Hegbjǫrn |
The first element, Heg- is from the OW.Norse noun heggr "bird-cherry tree (Prunus padus)" (derived from Germanic *hazjaz). When this word appears as an element in a personal name, *Hazj(a)-, has a /j/ pronunciation and the other ordinary changes such as /z/ becomes /gg/. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Runic examples include the nominative forms hakbiarn. |
CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Hægbiǫrn, Hæg-, -biǫrn |
| Heggi, Hæggi |
Found in Old Danish as Heggi (also found as a by-name), and in Old Swedish as Hægge. This is either a name derived from OW.Norse heggr "bird-cherry tree (Prunus padus)" or else it is a short form of masculine names in Heg-. Occurs in the runic accusative form heka. |
NR s.n. Hæggi |
| Heggr, Hekkr |
Originally a by-name, from OW.Norse heggr "bird-cherry tree (Prunus padus)". Found by the time of the Settlement of Iceland in West Scandinavia as a personal name and as a by-name. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Estorp, Hexthorpe, Hextorp. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Heggr; FJ pp. 137 |
| Hegsteinn |
For the first element Heg-above. For the second element -steinn see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form hakstain. |
CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Hægstæinn, Hæg-, -stæinn |
| Hególfr |
Found in Old Swedish as Hægholf. For the first element Heg-above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form higulfr. |
NR s.nn. HægulfR, Hæg-, -ulfR |
| Hegvaldr |
Found in Old Swedish as Hæghvald. For the first element Heg-above. For the second element -valdr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form hegualtr. |
CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Hægvaldr, Hæg-, -valdr |
| Hegviðr |
Found in Old Swedish as Hæghvidh. For the first element Heg-above. For the suffix -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms hahuRþr, hikuiþr and the accusative forms ehuiþ, heuiþ. |
CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Hægviðr, Hæg-, -viðr |
| Heiðrekr |
The first element Heið- is identical to Old Icelandic heiðr, "heath". For the second element -rekr see above. |
FJ pp. 350; CV pp. 247, 499 s.v. heiðr, ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Heilfúss |
The first element Heil- is from the OW.Norse noun heill "happiness, luck" or the OW.Norse adjective heill "happy, lucky". For the second element -fúss see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form [hair:-os]. |
CV pp. 178-179 s.v. fúss; NR s.nn. Hæilfúss, Hæil-, -fúss |
| Heilgeirr |
Found in Old Swedish as Helger. For the first element Heil- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form hilkaiR and the accusative form hailkaiR. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. HæilgæiRR, Hæil-, -gæiRR |
| Heimkell |
Found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish as Henkil. The first element Heim- is from the OW.Norse noun heimr "home." For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. Runic examples include the nominative form [emki...], the genitive form emkels and the accusative form hemkil. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Hæimkæll, Hæim-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Heinrekr |
For the second element -rekr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Heinrekr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Helf |
Found in Old Danish as Helf and in Old Swedish as Hælf. Contracted form of Herjólfr or OW.Norse Herleifr. Occurs in the runic nominative form [hilf]. |
NR s.n. HælfR |
| Helgi |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name: in Old Danish as Helghi, in Old Swedish as Hælghe, and in OW.Norse as Helgi. From the OW.Norse adjective heilagr "holy", which during heathen times also had the sense of "dedicated to the gods." Common throughout Scandinavia in the medieval period, with some instances recorded in Normandy as well. Runic examples include the nominative forms ehlhi, hailki, halgi, halki, [halki], helgi, heli, helki, (h)ilhi, the genitive form halka, and the accusative forms [ailki], hailka, helga, helka, [helka], hilha, ilka. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Helghetorp, Ellethorp, Elgthorp, Elgendon, Elgedon, Helgeton, Helguic, Heluuic, Hælgefeld, Helgefeld. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Helgi; FJ pp. 138; CV pp. 254-255 s.v. Helgi, helga; NR s.n. Hælgi |
| Helgulfr |
The first element Helg- is from the OW.Norse adjective heilagr "holy," during heathen times "dedicated to the gods." For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms ailkulfR, helgulfR, hikkulfr, hilguflr. |
NR s.n. HælgulfR, Hælg-, -ulfR |
| Hella |
From OW.Norse hella f. "flat stone". Occurs as a personal masculine name in the runic nominative form hala in an inscription reading, "<hala>, <litu>'s son, raised this stone in memory of Ásulfr/Ásleifr, his brother." |
NR s.n. Hælla |
| Helmingr |
|
GB p. 11 s.n. Helmingr |
| Hemingr, Hemmingr |
This name is found in Old Danish as Heming, in Old Swedish as Hæming, and in OW.Norse as Hemingr. Of disputed derivation. Sources often give the meaning of this name as being identical to OW.Norse hemingr "skin from the back foot of a beast" (used in judicial ceremonies). This explanation nevertheless relies upon the assumption that this word is derived from OW.Norse hamr. "form, shape". This name could be assumed to be a a loan from Continental Germanic Haming, but Nordiskt runnamnslexikon says that this would be unlikely. Runic examples include the nominative forms emigr, emikr, eminkr, hemik, [hemik], heminkr, henmikr, henminkr, himikr, [himikr], himinkr, hominkr, and the accusative forms emink, himik, -emik. Frequent in West Scandinavia after 1300. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hemingr; FJ pp. 138-139 s.n. Hem(m)ingr; NR s.n. HæmingR |
| Herbjǫrn |
Found in Old Danish as Herbiorn, in Old Swedishas Hærbiorn, and in OW.Norse as Herbjǫrn. For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Runic examples include the nominative form hirbiarn and the accusative form herbiurn. |
FJ pp. 344 s.n. Her-; CV pp. 66, 258 s.v. björn, herr; NR s.nn. Hærbiǫrn, Hær-, -biǫrn |
| Herburt |
For the first element Her- see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Herburt; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Her-; CV pp. 258 s.v. herr; NR s.n. Hær- |
| Herfiðr |
For the first element Her- see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Herfiðr; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Her-; CV pp. 258 s.v. herr; NR s.nn. Hær-, Finnr/Fiðr |
| Herfinnr |
For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -finnr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Herfinnr; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Her-; CV pp. 258 s.v. herr; NR s.nn. Hær-, Finnr/Fiðr, -finnr |
| Hergeirr |
For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. A few instances are recorded in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. May appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Herigerbi. |
FJ pp. 139, 344, 349 s.nn. Hergeirr, Her-, -geirr; CV pp. 196, 258 s.v. geirr, herr; NR s.nn. Hær-, -gæiRR |
| Hergils |
For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hergils; FJ pp. 344, 349 s.nn. Her-, -gísl; CV pp. 196, 258 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli, herr; NR s.nn. Hær-, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Hergrímr |
For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hergrímr; FJ pp. 344, 349 s.nn. Her-, -grímr; CV pp. 216, 258 s.v. gríma, herr; NR s.nn. Hær-, -grímR |
| Herjarr |
For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -arr see above. Occurs in the nominative forms hiriaR, hiri...R, though the inscriptions in which they occur do not make it absolutely clear that these are personal names. For example: "Geirfastr and and Hrafn and Folkbjǫrn and Þórir had the stones erected in memory of Geiri, their father. May God help his spirit. Ásmundr carved and ." |
FJ pp. 344 s.n. Her-; CV pp. 258 s.v. herr; NR s.nm. Hæriarr, Hær-, -arr |
| Herkingr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation from a by-name related to the verb herkja "to drag oneself along" and Old Icelandic herki, "lazy person". May occur in the place-names Hergyncrofte, Hargingcrofte, Harkincrofte. |
FJ pp. 139 |
| Herjólfr, Heriólfr |
Found in Old Danish as Herulf, in Old Swedish as Hæriolf, and in OW.Norse as Herjólfr. For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. Helf may represent a contracted form of this name. Runic examples include the nominative forms hairulfR, heriulfR, he(r)lfR, the genitive forms Hari(w)ulfs, Hari(þ)ulfs, and the accusative forms hariulf, [hk]rulf. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Herjólfr; FJ pp. 344, 351 s.nn. Her-, -ulfr; CV pp. 258, 668 s.v. herr, úlfr; NR s.nn. Hær(in)ulfR, Hær-, HælfR, -ulfR |
| Herlaugr |
Found in Old Danish as Herlugh, in Old Swedish as Hærløgh, and in OW.Norse as Herlaugr. For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -laugr see above. Occurs in the runic genitive case form herluks. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Herlaugr; FJ pp. 344, 350 s.n. Her-, -laugr; CV pp. 258, 374 s.v. herr, laug def. IV; NR s.nn. HærlaugR, Hær-, -laugR |
| Herleifr |
For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. Fairly common in Norway after 1300.Found in Denmark. Occurs in Sweden, including the runic isncription harlaif. May appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Herleustorp, Helestorp, Herlethorpe. Helf may represent a contracted form of this name. |
FJ pp. 139-140, 344, 350 s.nn. Herleifr, Her-, -leifr; CV pp. 258, 381 s.v. herr, leif; NR s.n. Hær-, -læifR, HælfR |
| Hermóðr |
Found in Old Danish as Hermoth, in Old Swedish as Hærmodh, and in OW.Norse as Hermóðr. For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -móðr see above. Several instances are found in Norway, but none in Iceland. Found also in Sweden and Denmark. Runic examples include the nominative forms hermoþr, hermuþr and the accusative form [hrmuþ]. |
FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Her-, -móðr; CV pp. 258 s.v. herr; NR s.nn. Hærmóðr, Hær-, -móðr |
| Hermundr |
For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hermundr; FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Her-, -mundr; CV pp. 258, 437-438 s.v. herr, mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Hær-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Herrøðr, Herfriðr |
Found in OW.Norse as Herrøðr. May occur in Old Danish as Hereth. For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -friðr or -frøðr see above. Herfriðr occurs in the runic nominative form (h)[a]rfri[þr], while Herrøðr is found in the runic nominative form heruþr. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Herrøðr; FJ pp. 344, 348 s.nn. Her-, -frøðr; CV pp. 258 s.v. herr; NR s.nn. Hærfreðr, Hærrøðr, Hær-, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Hersir |
Found in Old Swedish as the personal name Hærse(r) and as the by-name Hærse, occurs in OW.Norse as Hersir. From OW.Norse hersir "(district) chieftain, lord." Occurs in the runic nominative form [harsR]. |
NR s.n. HærsiR |
| Hersteinn |
For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hersteinn; FJ pp. 344, 351 s.nn. Her-, -steinn; CV pp. 258, 591 s.v. herr, steinn; NR s.nn. Hær-, -stæinn |
| Hervarðr |
Found in Old Danish as Herwarth, in Old Swedish as Hærvardh, and in OW.Norse as Hervarðr. For the first element Her- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. Found frequently in West Scandinavian mythology, and is recorded as a human name in 1483. Found in the Swedish runic nominative case form (h)a(r)(u)arþr, and possibly in the Latinized Danish form Herewardus. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hervarðr; FJ pp. 344, 351 s.n. Her-, -varðr; CV pp. 258, 722 s.v. herr, vorðr; NR s.nn. Hærvarðr, Hær-, -varðr |
| Hervi |
|
GB p. 11 s.n. Hervi |
| Hildibjǫrn |
The first element Hildi- or Hild- (used before a vowel) come from Primitive Scandinavian *heldió-, "battle" and are related to Old Icelandic hildr, "battle". For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hildibjǫrn; FJ pp. 344, 348 s.nn. Hild-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 261 s.v. björn, hildr; NR s.nn. Hild-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Hildibrandr |
For the first element Hildi- see above. For the second element -brandr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hildibrandr; FJ pp. 344, 348 s.nn. Hild-, -brandr; CV pp. 76, 261 s.v. brandr, hildr; NR s.nn. Hild-, -brandr |
| Hildiger |
For the first element Hildi- see above. For the second element -ger see -geirr, above. A few instances of this name occur in Denmark, where they may instead represent the Continental Germanic name Hildigar. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Hildegarescroft, Hilgertorp, Hilgretorp, Hildertorp. |
FJ pp. 343, 344, 349 s.nn. Hildiger, Hild-, -geirr; CV pp. 196, 261 s.v. geirr, hildr; NR s.n. Hild-, -gæiRR |
| Hildiglúmr |
For the first element Hildi- see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hildiglúmr; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Hild-; CV pp. 261 s.v. hildr; NR s.n. Hild- |
| Hildigrímr |
For the first element Hildi- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. |
FJ pp. 344, 349 s.nn. Sild-, -grímr; CV pp. 216, 261 s.v. gríma, hildr; NR s.nn. Hild-, -grímR |
| Hildingr |
The second element -ing denotes a descendant. This name occurs in West Scandinavia as the plural Hildingar, "the sons or descendants of Hildir" and also as a character in OW.Norse fictional character Hildingr from Friðþjófs saga ins frækna ch. 1. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Hildingeslei. |
FJ pp. 141, 344 s.nn. Hildingr, Hild-; CV pp. 261 s.v. hildr; NR s.n. Hild- |
| Hildir |
See Hild- above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hildir; FJ pp. 141, 344 s.nn. Hildingr, Hild-; CV pp. 261 s.v. hildr; NR s.n. Hild- |
| Hildólfr, Hildulfr |
Found in Old Danish as Hildulf, in Old Swedish as Hildolf, and in OW.Norse as Hildólfr. For the first element Hild- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Found throughout Scandinavia. Occurs in the runic nominative forms hiltu(-)-R. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Heldouestun, Heldeuueston, Hildoueston. |
FJ pp. 141, 344, 347, 351 s.nn. Hildulfr, Hild-, -ulfr; CV pp. 261 s.v. hildr; NR s.nn. HildulfR, Hild-, -ulfR |
| HildungR |
"Hildr the Young." Derived from OW.Norse hildr "battle"; compare with the OW.Norse fictional character Hildingr from Friðþjófs saga ins frækna ch. 1. Occurs in the runic nominative form hiltu(-)-R. |
FJ p. 141 s.n. Hildingr; NR s.nn. HildungR, Hild- |
| HildvígR |
Corresponds to the Old High German name Hiltiwic. For the first element Hild- see above. The second element, -vígR (from the OW.Norse noun víg, "battle") seems to be found rarely as a native Scandinavian name element but instead is West Germanic. Occurs in the runic nominative form hiltu(-)-R. |
FJ pp. 344 s.nn. Hild-; CV pp. 261 s.v. hildr; NR s.nn. HildvígR, Hild-, -vígR |
| Hjalli |
This name is found in OW.Norse as Hialli, a fictional character from Atlamál in grænlenzku. From OW.Norse hjalli "ledge, terrace on the mountain-side" or derived from OW.Norse hjallr "construction frame; scaffold". Occurs in the runic nominative form hiali in an inscription reading, "Hrefningr and Gjalli and Brynjulfr and Gjafulfr placed this stone in memory of Fótr, their father, a very good thegn. Thus has Ása made, as no other wife in memory of (her) husband will. Hjalmr and Hjalli cut the runes." |
NR s.n. Hialli |
| Hjallkárr |
|
GB p. 11 s.n. Hjallkárr |
| Hjalti |
Originally a by-name, "man from Hjaltland" or Shetland. Found in West Scandinavia as both a personal name and a by-name. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian name Helte. |
FJ pp. 142 |
| Hjálmarr |
The first element Hjálm- is from OW.Norse hjálmr, "helm, helmet". For the second element -arr see above. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -arr; CV pp. 266-267 s.v. hjálmr; NR s.nn. Hialm-, -arr |
| Hjálmfastr |
Found in Old Swedish in the Latinized form Helmuastus. For the first element Hjálm- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [hialfast...], [hiulmfastr], hiulmfas..., iolfast and the accusative form hiulmfast. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
CV p. 145, 266-267 s.v. fastr, hjálmr; NR s.n. Hialmfastr, Hialm-, -fastr |
| Hjálmgeirr |
Found in Old Swedish as Hiælmger. For the first element Hjálm- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form iolmkeR and the accusative form hialmger. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV pp. 196, 266-267 s.v. geirr, hjálmr; NR s.nn. HialmgæiRR, Hialm-, -gæiRR |
| Hjálmgrímr |
For the first element Hjálm- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. |
FJ pp. 349; CV pp. 266-267 s.v. hjálmr; NR s.n. Hialm-, -grímR |
| Hjálmgunnarr |
For the first element Hjálm- see above. For the second element -gunnarr see the name Gunnarr. |
CV pp. 266-267 s.v. hjálmr; NR s.n. Hialm-, Gunnarr |
| Hjálmólfr |
For the first element Hjálm- see above. For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hjálmólfr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 266-267 s.v. hjálmr; NR s.n. Hialm-, -ulfR |
| Hjálmr |
Found in OW.Norse as both the name and by-name Hjálmr. Found as a by-name in Old Danish as Hielm, and in Old Swedish as Hiælm. This name is from OW.Norse hjálmr, "helm, helmet". Runic examples include the nominative form hialmR, the genitive form hialms and the accusative form (h)ialm. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hjálmr; CV pp. 266-267 s.v. hjálmr; NR s.n. Hialmr, Hialm- |
| Hjálmtýr |
For the first element Hjálm- see above. |
CV pp. 266-267 s.v. hjálmr; NR s.n. Hialm- |
| Hjálmviðr |
For the first element Hjálm- see above. For the suffix -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms hialmuiþr, hialmuiþ(r). |
CV pp. 266-267, 703-704 s.v. hjálmr, viðr; NR s.n. Hialmviðr, Hialm-, -viðr |
| Hjarni, Hjærne |
Originally a by-name made by shortening a longer by-name, hiarrandi, "the man with the grating voice". Appears as Hjærne in Sweden as a personal name and as a by-name. Related to the Danish name Hiarni. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Hernesbi. |
FJ pp. 142 |
| Hjarrandi |
See Hjarni, above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hjarrandi; FJ pp. 142 |
| Hjorleifr |
The first element, Hjor- is from OW.Norse hjorr, derived from Primitive Scandinavian *heruR, "sword". For the second element -leifr see above. Recorded in West Scandinavia. May also be found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Herleuestorp. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hjorleifr; FJ pp. 142, 344, 350 s.nn. Hjorleifr, Hjor-, -leifr; CV pp. 268, 381 s.v. hjorr, leif |
| Hjorr |
Identical to Old Icelandic hjorr, "sword". |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hjorr; FJ p. 344 s.n. Hjor-; CV pp. 268 s.v. hjorrl NR s.n. Hior- |
| HjorólfR |
Found in OW.Norse as Hjorólfr, the name of a fictional character from ch.9 of Hálfs saga og Hálfsrekka. Compare with hAeruwulafiR from the Istaby Stone (ca. 600). For the first element Hjor- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Occurs as a human personal name in the runic accusative form iurulf in an inscription which reads, "... raised the stone in memory of Hjorulfr, his brother ..." |
FJ pp. 344, 351 s.nn. Hjor-, -ulfr; CV pp. 268 s.v. hjorr; NR s.nn. HiorulfR, Hior-, -ulfR |
| Hjortr |
Originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic hjort, hjartar, "hart". Found in Iceland. Found in Denmark as both a personal name and as a by-name. May appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Herteregate. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hjortr; FJ p. 142 s.n. Hjortr |
| Hjorvarðr |
Found in OW.Norse as Hjorvarðr.For the first element Hjor- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms hioruarþr, [hioruarþr]. |
FJ pp. 344, 351 s.nn. Hjor-, -varðr; CV pp. 268, 722 s.v. hjorr, vorðr; NR s.nn. Hiorvarðr, Hior-, -varðr |
| Hlenni |
|
GB p. 11 s.n. Hlenni |
| Hlífsteinn |
Found in Old Swedish as Lifsten. The first element Hlíf- is from OW.Norse hlíf, "defence, protection; byrnie, shield". For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms lefstein, lfsten, lifstain, lifsten (5 instances), lifsþen and the accusative form lifstin. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. Hlífstæinn, Lífsteinn, Hlíf-, -stæinn |
| Hlífundr |
For the first element Hlíf-, see above. The second element may be -hundr, from OW.Norse hundr "dog, hound" (compare with OW.Norse Hlífólfr) or the second element may instead be from -undr/-vindr (see above). Occurs in the runic nominative form lhifuntr. |
FJ p. 352 s.n. -vindr; NR s.n. Hlífundr, Hlíf-, -hundr, -undr/-vindr |
| Hloðver, Hloðvir |
For the second element -vér or -vir see above. |
GB p. 11 s.nn. Hloðver, Hloðvir; FJ pp. 352 |
| Hnaki |
|
GB p. 11 s.n. Hnaki |
| Hnefi |
Perhaps present in Old Swedish Næve, occurs in OW.Norse as Hnefi, possibly also as a by-name. Found in Old Danish as the by-name Næwe. From OW.Norse hnefi "fist, hand". The runic examples are not absolutely clear, and include the accusative case forms nafa, nfa (see also Nefi). |
NR s.n. Hnæfi, Næfi |
| Hneitr |
|
GB p. 11 s.n. Hneitr |
| Hœkill |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Hœkill |
| Hoggvandi, Hoggvandill |
Originally a by-name from primitive Scandinavian *haggwan, related to Old Icelandic hoggvandi, "hewer, executioner". Occurs several times as a by-name in West Scandinavia. Appears as the personal name of the father of one of the Landnámsmenn in Iceland, and also was borne by a Danish man. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Hagedebi, Haghedenebi, Hegendebi, Hagandeby, Hagandehou. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Hoggvandill; FJ pp. 148 |
| Hoggvari |
A postulated Anglo-Scandinavian name, originally a by-name from the Old Norse verb hoggva, "to hew, hack, chop". There is scant evidence for this even as a by-name in Scandinavia. There is a rare, late Danish by-name hugger, related to Old Danish huggeræ, "wood-cutter", and the name is postulated in Sweden as *Hugge from the place-name Huggenæs. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Huggesside. |
FJ pp. 148 |
| Hogni |
A Scandinavian adaptation of the Continental German name, Haguno. Hogni is frequent in Iceland and in Norway, especially in the early period. The form Hoghni appears in Denmark, while Høgne appears in Sweden. Anglo-Scandinavian forms may include Haghne, Hagne, Hangen, Hagen. |
FJ pp. 122 |
| Holfi |
Short form of Hólmfastr. Occurs in the runic nominative form [hulfi] in an inscription which reads, "Holfi made this monument in memory of Jarl(?), his father's brother, and in memory of Áskell, (his) brother." |
FJ p. 344 s.n. Holm-; CV pp. 145, 280-281 s.v. fastr, hólmr; NR s.nn. Holfi, Holmfastr, Holm-, -fastr |
| Hólmbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Holmbiorn. The first element Hólm- is identical to Old Icelandic hólmr, "island". For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [hoburi...], hulbiorn, humbiurn, ulbiarn, u(l)biarn and the accusative forms hulbi(o)(r)[:n], ulb[in]ar.... A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Holmbiǫrn, Holmi, Holm-, -biǫrn |
| HólmdiarfR |
For the first element Hólm- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form [h]ultiu[in]. A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. |
CV p. 100 s.v. djarfr; NR s.nn. HolmdiarfR, Holmi, Holm-, -diarfR |
| Hólmdórr |
For the first element Hólm- see above. For the second element -dórr or -þórr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form hultur. A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. |
FJ pp. 347, 351 s.nn. Hafr, Haf-, Þór-, -þórr; CV p. 743 s.v. Þórr; NR s.nn. Holmdórr, Holmi, Holm-, Þór-, -þórr |
| Hólmfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Holmfast or Holmvast, occurs in OW.Norse as Hólmfastr. For the first element Hólm- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [au-mfast...], [hiulmfastr], hiulmfas..., [hulfast], hulfastr (4 instances), [hulfastr], hulfatr, [hulfa...], [hulmfastar], hulmfastr, hulm[fastr], hulmnfastr, [ulmfa]st[r], the genitive form hulmfas-- and the accusative forms hiulmfast, hulfast, [hulf]ast, hulmfast, (h)(u)lmf(a)str, ulfast, ulfasþ. A short form of Hólmfastr is Holfi. A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ p. 344 s.n. Holm-; CV pp. 145, 280-281 s.v. fastr, hólmr; NR s.nn. Holmfastr, Holm-, -fastr, Holfi, Holmi, Fasti |
| Hólmgeirr |
Found in Old Danish as Holmger, in Old Swedish Holmger or Holger, and in OW.Norse as Hólmgeirr. For the first element Hólm- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms (h)ulker, hulmaiR, hulmkair, hulmkaiR (4 instances), hulmk[a]iR, [hulm]kir, hulmkiR, hulm(k)iR, hulm[kiR], hulmk..., iolmkeR, the genitive forms hulmkirs, hulmkiRs, hulmkis, and the accusative forms [huikaiR], hulmkair, hulmkaiR, (h)ulmkiR, [hulmkiR], hulmkR, hulR(g)..., [ulmk]a[R]. A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hólmgeirr; FJ pp. 344, 349; CV pp. 196, 280-281 s.v. geirr, hólmr; NR s.n. HolmgæiRR, Holmi, Holm-, -gæiRR |
| Hólmgautr |
For the first element Hólm- see above. For the second element -gautr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form hulmkoetr and the accusative form hulmkut. A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. |
FJ pp. 348-349 s.nn. -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.n. Holmgautr, Holmi, Holm-, -gautr |
| Hólmi |
Found in Old Swedish as Holme. A short form of masculine names in Holm-. Runic examples include the nominative forms hulmi (3 examples), [hulmi], (h)-lmi, ulmi and the accusative forms hulma, [hulma], (h)(u)---..., ulmo. |
NR s.n. Holmi |
| Hólmkell, Hólmketill |
For the first element Hólm- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. This name was borne by an Icelander at the time of the Settlement (Hólmkell in ch. 29). Most names in Hólm- do not appear in West Scandinavia until late, where they appear to be a loan from Swedish. This name is not found in either Sweden or Denmark, and it is assumed that the Icelandic instance must have been formed on the pattern of the name Hólmsteinn. A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hólmkell; FJ pp. 143, 344, 349 s.nn. Holmketill, Holm-, -ketill; CV pp. 280-281, 337-338 s.v. hólmr, ketill; NR s.nn. Holm-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Hólmlaugr |
For the first element Hólm- see above. For the second element -laugr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form [holmlauk]...u-mlaug. A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. |
FJ pp. 344, 350 s.nn. Holm-, -laugr; CV pp. 374 s.v. laug def. IV; NR s.nn. HolmlaugR, Holm-, -laugR |
| Hólmr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish both as the name and the by-name Holm. Found in OW.Norse as Hólmr, which also occurs as both a name and as a by-name. From OW.Norse hólmr "island". Occurs in the runic nominative form hulmbR. A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. |
NR s.n. HolmR |
| Hólmsteinn |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Holmsten, occurs in OW.Norse as Hólmsteinn. For the first element Hólm- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms hlmstain, holmste[n], hulmstain (4 instances), hulms[tain], hulmstein, hulmstin, hulm:stin, [hu=lmstin], [hulRstan], uhlmstan, ulmstin, umsten, [ylmstn], the genitive forms hulmstains, hulmst...[n]s, ...ulmstains, and the accusative forms holmstain, hulmstain (3 instances), hulm:stain, hulmstin, [hulmstin], [hulms].... A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hólmsteinn; FJ pp. 143, 344, 351; CV pp. 280-281, 591 s.v. hólmr, steinn; NR s.nn. Holmstæinn, Holmi, Holm-, -stæinn |
| Hólmviðr, Hulviðr |
Found in Old Danish as Holmwith, in Old Swedish as Holmvidh or Hunvidh, and in OW.Norse as Hulviðr. For the first element Hólm- see above. For the suffix -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms hulmuiþr, [hulmuiþr] and the accusative form hulmuiþ. A short form of masculine names in Holm- is Hólmi. |
CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Holmviðr, Holmi, Holm-, -viðr |
| Holti |
Found in Old Swedish as the personal name Holte and as the by-names Holte or Hulte. Occurs in OW.Norse as Holti and in Old Danish as the by-name Holte. Derived from OW.Norse holt "tree-filled copse, small forest, woodland" or a place-name formed from this term meaning the "man from the farm named Holt or Holtar or Holtir" etc. Runic examples include the nominative form hulti and the accusative form hulta. Occurs in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Boltebi and Holtebi. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Holti; FJ p. 143 s.n. Holti; NR s.n. Hulti |
| Hónefr |
Found in Old Swedish as Honæf. This name is compounded from the noun corresponding to Modern Icelandic hór "kettle-hook" and OW.Norse -nefr, "nose, nostril." Compare with Modern Icelandic hónefur "hook for hanging a kettle", which carries a disparaging sense of "wretch, wastrel, rascal." Runic examples include the nominative form haunefR and the accusative form hunef. |
NR s.n. HónæfR |
| Horðr |
See Harðr above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Horðr |
| Horgi |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Horgi |
| Hornboði |
Hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian name, may be related to a West Scandinavian name, Holdboði. The first element Horn- means "horn, cow-horn". May be represented in the place-name Horenbodebi. |
FJ p. 143 s.n. *Hornboði |
| Hornbori |
Found in OW.Norse in Dvergatal, a section of the Eddaic poem Voluspá, as Hornbori, a dwarf . Compounded from horn and a name-element related to the OW.Norse verb bera "to bear, to carry" and this has the sense of "horn-bearer, horn-blower." It may appear as a human personal name in the genitive case form HurnburA in an inscription that reads, "Hornbori's stone, of Svidhi's line." |
NR s.n. Hornburi |
| Horni |
Hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian name, originally a by-name meaning "horn, cow-horn". The name Horn was borne by the grandfather of one of the Landnámsmenn, as well as a few others. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Hornebi. |
FJ p. 143 s.n. *Horni |
| Horsefni |
Compounded from the OW.Norse noun hors, hross "horse" and OW.Norse efni "matter, substance, material." Compare with the name Karlsefni, found in Old Danish and OW.Norse, or the OW.Norse by-names Konungsefni, Mágsefni. Occurs in the runic accusative case form hursefn(in), used as a human personal name in an incription that reads, "Gunnhildr ... in memory of her son Horsefni, and Hvíthofdhi. May God help(?)". |
NR s.n. Horsæfni |
| Hoskuldr |
Found in OW.Norse as Hoskuldr. Several proposals for the etymology of this name have been put forward. Originally it was thought that this came from hoss-, "gray" and -kuldr, related to -kollr, "skull, head, pate", but linguistically this is not feasible. Current thinking is that the name is derived from a Primitive Scandinavian name Hagu-staldaR, ca. 500, which then would have evolved first to *Hogstaldr, *Hokstaldr and finally Hoskuldr, which is supported by the runic inscriptions Valsfjord and Kjølevik, Norway (compare with OH.Germ. hagustalt, "owner of an enclosed area"). Alternatively, the name may be compounded from the OW.Norse noun hoð "battle" and the OW.Norse adjective skyldr "responsible, under an obligation, owing". This name is common in Norway, where it appears early, and is found in Norway at the time of the Icelandic Settlement, but fell out of use there soon thereafter. Occurs in the runic nominative form a-s(k)(u)ltr. May appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Ascheltorp, Aschiltorp, Haschelthorp. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Hoskuldr; FJ pp. 148-149 s.n. Hoskuldr; NR s.n. Hoskuldr |
| Hosvi |
Formed from the OW.Norse adjective hoss, "grey". Runic examples include the nominative forms haosui, [hasui]. |
NR s.n. Hosvi |
| Hraði, Raði |
Found in Old Danish as Rathi (also found as a by-name), occurs in OW.Norse as both the name and the by-name Hraði. Formed from the OW.Norse adjective hraðr "quick, fast." The West Scandinavian form, Hraði, appears as the name of on of the Landnámsmenn in Iceland. The name may occur in a Danish runic inscription. Runic examples include the nominative form (r)aþi and the accusative form raþa. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hraði; FJ p. 210 s.n. Raði |
| Hrafn, Rafn, Rampn |
Occurs as both a personal name and as a by-name throughout SCandinavia, found as Old Danish Rafn, Old Swedish Ramn, and OW.Norse Hrafn. From the OW.Norse noun hrafn "raven." The form Hrafn is very common in Iceland throughout the medieval period, and occurs in Norway as well, less frequently. Runic examples include the nominative form [hrafn] and the accusative forms rafn, raf-. There are a large number of Anglo-Scandinavian place-names in Raven-, Rauen-, Reven-, etc., but these are more likely to derive from Old English hræfn, "raven". |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrafn; FJ pp. 210-212 s.n. Rafn; CV pp. 281 s.v. hrafn; NR s.n. Hrafn |
| Hrafni |
Found in Old Swedish as Ramne. Derived from OW.Norse hrafn "raven" or a diminuitive form of Hrafn. Occurs in the runic nominative form hrafni. |
CV pp. 281 s.v. hrafn; NR s.n. Hrafni |
| HrafningR |
"Of the lineage of Hrafn." Derived from OW.Norse hrafn "raven". Runic examples include the nominative forms hrifnkR, rifnikR. Also occurs as a prefixed by-name, Hrafnunga-Tófi, the masculine name Tófi prefixed with the by-name in the genitive form *hrafnungaR "descendant of Hrafn", with runic examples including the nominative forms rafnuka:tufi, rhafnukatufi, ...fnukatufi. |
NR s.n. HræfningR, Hrafnunga-Tófi |
| Hrafnkell, Hrafnketill, Rafnketill |
For the first element Hrafn- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. Found in Iceland as the name of one of the Landnámsmenn and other men as well. Occurs in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Rauechil, Ranchil, Rauenchel, as well as the names Ravenkil, Rankil, Rainkill, Ravankil, Rauenkil, Ramkil, Ranchil, Ramkell. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrafnkell; FJ pp. 212-213, 349 s.nn. Rafn, Rafnketill, -ketill; CV pp. 281, 337-338 s.v. hrafn, ketill; NR s.nn. Hrafn, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Hrafsi |
|
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrafsi |
| Hrani |
Found in Old Danish as Rani (which may also occur as a by-name), in Old Swedish as Rane, and in OW.Norse as Hrani. From a name corresponding to Modern Icelandic hrani "boisterous, noisy, coarse person" (of uncertain etymology). Runic examples include the nominative forms harani, rani. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrani; NR s.n. Hrani |
| Hrappr |
|
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrappr |
| Hreiðarr, Reiðarr |
The first element may be Hreið-, possibly related to the OW.Norse noun hreiðr, "(bird) nest" in the sense of "home, home-place". Alternately, may represent a contracted form of Hreiðgotar, or may be derived from hróðr (see below). Here the second element -arr is possibly derived from *harjaR, herr, "army, warrior". Found early in Norway and common there, but occurs only in a few instances in Iceland. Common is Sweden from the 1300s's onward. Several instances are found in Denmark as personal names and as by-names from the end of the 1300's. Occurs in the runic accusative form hriþar. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Reresbi, Redrestorp, redestorp, and the names Reider, Reder. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hreiðarr; FJ pp. 216-217 s.n. Reiðarr; CV pp. 287 s.v. hróðr; NR s.nn. Hræiðarr, Hræið-, -arr |
| HreiðiR |
For the first element Hreið- see above). For the second element -vér or -vir see above. May occur in the runic accusative form hriþi, or this may instead represent the name HríðiR. |
CV pp. 287 s.v. hróðr; NR s.nn. HræiðiR, Hræið-, -véR, HríðiR |
| Hreiðmárr |
For the first element Hreið- see above). For the second element -marr see above. |
FJ pp. 350 s.n. -marr; CV pp. 287, 418, 443 s.v. hróðr, -már, mærr; NR s.nn. Hræið-, -mærr |
| Hreiðúlfr |
Possibly found in Old Swedish as Redholf, occurs in OW.Norse as Hreiðúlfr. For the first element Hreið- see above). For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form riþulf, the genitive forms Hari(w)ulfs, Hari(þ)ulfs, hriþulfs|. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 287, 668 s.v. hróðr, úlfr; NR s.nn. HræiðulfR, Hræið-, -ulfR |
| Hreinn, Reinn |
Originally a by-name meaning "reindeer". Several instances are found in Iceland, many among members of the same family. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hreinn; FJ pp. 217-218 s.n. Reinn |
| Hreppir |
Found in OW.Norse as Hreppir. Related to the OW.Norse verb hrapa "to throw down, overthrow, fall down", "hasten, hurry." Compare with Modern Icelandic hrappur "rascal, scamp." Occurs in the runic genitive case form hrabis|. |
NR s.n. HræppiR |
| HríðiR |
Compare with OW.Norse Hríðir, a sword-name, derived from the OW.Norse noun hríð "attack, assault." May occur in the runic accusative form hriþi, or this may instead represent the name HreiðiR. |
NR s.n. HríðiR, HræiðiR |
| Hrifla, Hrifli |
This name is derived from the OW.Norse verb hrífa "rend, scratch." Hrifli is a side-form of Hrifla. Compare with the OW.Norse masculine name Hriflingr. Hrifli is found in the runic accusative form Rifla. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrifla; NR s.n. Hrifli |
| Hriflingr |
Occurs as the OW.Norse masculine name Hriflingr. |
NR s.n. Hrifli |
| Hringr |
Occurs as both a personal name and a by-name across Scandinavia, as Old Danish and Old Swedish Ring, and as OW.Norse Hringr. From OW.Norse hringr "ring", as in an arm-ring, a piece of jewelry. The OW.Norse name may also be interpreted as "man from Ringerike". Runic examples include the nominative forms rikr, r(in)kr and the accusative form hrenki. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hringr; FJ p. 346 s.n. (H)ring-; NR s.n. HringR |
| Hringulfr, Ringulfr |
For the second element -ulfr see above. Occurs as the name of a Danish moneyer c. 1080. Not found at all in West Scandinavia. May occur in a single place-name in Denmark and another in Sweden. May be the source of the Anglo-Scandinavian names Rongolf, Ringulf, Ringulphi, or these may instead derive from Old English Hringwulf. |
FJ pp. 219, 346, 351 s.nn. Ringulfr, (H)ring-, -ulfr |
| Hróaldr, Róaldr, Hróaldi |
Hróaldr is the OW.Norse form of the name, which occurs in Old Swedish as Roald. The first element is from the OW.Norse noun hróðr "praise, fame," derived from Primitive Scandinavian *hróþiR. For the second element -valdr or -valdi see above. The oldest instance of this name in Scandinavia comes from a Norwegian runestone, ca. 800's where it appears as the runic inscription rhoaltR. Hróaldr is one of the most common names throughout the period in Norway. Frequent in Iceland during the 900's, but dropped out of use thereafter. Appears in Denmark as the possessive form in the runic inscription ruhalts, evidence for the name is early, and it drops out of use quickly. Runic examples of Hróaldr include the nominative forms [hrualtr], rual=tr the genitive form ruHalts and the accusative form rualt. The side-form Hróaldi occurs in Old Swedish as Roalde and is found in the runic accusative case form [rual(t)](a). Anglo-Scandinavian forms may include Rold, Ruald, Roald, Roaud, Ruhalt, Rowald, though some may be due to borrowing from Continental Germanic Hrodowald. |
FJ pp. 219-221, 346, 351 s.nn. Róaldr, (H)róð-, -valdr; CV pp. 287, 675 s.v. hróðr, valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Hróaldr, Hróaldi, Hróð-, -valdr, -valdi |
| Hróarr, Hróðarr, Róarr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Roar, and in OW.Norse as Hróarr. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. Here the second element -arr is likely to be derived from -geirr, thus < Primitive Scandinavian *Hroþi-gaiRaR > *Hroð-gaRR > *Hrowarr > Hróarr. Alternatively might derive from -*hariR, "army" (*Hroþi-harjaR, see -arr, above) or possibly -*warjaR, -varr, "men of Viken" (*Hroþi-warjaR). Found early in Iceland, but never common there. Several instances occur in Norway after 1100. A few instances are recorded in Sweden, and several late instances in Denmark. Runic examples include the nominative forms hruar, ruar, ruaR and possibly the accusative form ruah. Related to the name of the Old English king Hroðgar from Beowulf. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hróarr; FJ pp. 221, 346, 348 s.nn. Róarr, (H)róð-, -geirr, -varr; CV pp. 196, 287 s.v. geirr, hróðr; NR s.nn. Hróarr, -arr, -gæiRR |
| Hróbjartr |
The first element is from Hróð-, see above. The second element is probably related to Old Icelandic bjartr, "bright". Related to the modern English name Robert. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. (H)róð-; CV pp. 65, 287 s.v. bjartr; hróðr (includes entry for Hróbjartr) |
| Hróðarr |
May occur in Old Danish as Rother and in Old Swedish as Rodher. Related to Hróarr, above. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -arr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form roþar. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. (H)róð-, -geirr, -varr; CV pp. 196, 287 s.v. geirr, hróðr; NR s.nn. Hróðarr, Hróði, Hróð-, -arr |
| Hróðbjǫrn |
The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Runic examples include the nominative forms roþbiarn, roþ(b)iern. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. (H)róð-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 287 s.v. björn, hróðr; NR s.nn. Hróðbiǫrn, Hróði, Hróð-, -biǫrn |
| Hróðfúss |
The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -fúss see above. Runic examples include the genitive case form roþfoaR and the accusative case form roþfos. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. (H)róð-; CV pp. 178-179, 287 s.v. fúss, hróðr; NR s.nn. Hróðfúss, Hróði, Hróð-, -fúss |
| Hróðgeirr |
Found in Old Danish as Rothger, in Old Swedish as Rodhger, and in OW.Norse as Hróðgeirr. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Related to Hróarr, above. Runic examples include the genitive case form roþkais and the accusative case forms hr(u)þkaiR, rauþkar, roþkaiR. Also related to the name of the Old English king Hroðgar from Beowulf. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hróðgeirr; FJ pp. 221, 346, 349 s.nn. Róarr, (H)róð-, -geirr; CV pp. 196, 287 s.v. geirr, hróðr; NR s.nn. HróðgæiRR, Hróði, Hróð-, -gæiRR |
| Hróðgautr |
The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -gautr see above. occurs in the runic nominative form roþkutr. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
FJ pp. 346, 348-349 s.nn. (H)róð-, -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193, 287 s.v. Gautr, hróðr; NR s.nn. Hróðgautr, Hróði, Hróð-, -gautr |
| Hróðgísl, Hróðísl, Hróðvísl |
Found in Old Swedish as Rodhils. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the suffix -gísl or -gils see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms roþuisl, ruþuisl and the accusative form roþisl. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
FJ pp. 346, 349 s.nn. (H)róð-, -gísl; CV pp. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli, hróðr; NR s.nn. Hróð(g)ísl/Hróðvísl, Hróði, Hróð-, -gísl/-gils |
| Hróðhvatr |
The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -hvatr or its weak side-form -hvati see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form roþuat. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
FJ pp. 346, 349 s.nn. (H)róð-, -hvatr; CV pp. 287, 297 s.v. hróðr, hvatr; NR s.n. Hróðhvatr, Hróði, Hróð-, -hvatr |
| Hróði |
Short form of masculine names in Hróð-, see above. Occurs in te runic genitive case form hruþa. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. (H)róð-; CV pp. 287 s.v. hróðr; NR s.n. Hróði, Hróð- |
| HrøðingR |
May occur in Old Swedish as Rødhing. If the runic evidence actually indicates the name HrøðingR, then it is probably derived from OW.Norse hróðr "praise, fame." Occurs in the runic nominative form ryþikr, or this insciption may instead represent the name HrøríkR or RyðingR. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. (H)róð-; CV pp. 287 s.v. hróðr; NR s.n. HrøðingR, Hróði, Hróð- |
| Hróðlaugr |
The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -laugr see above. May occur in the runic nominative form rolau.... A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hróðlaugr; FJ pp. 346, 350 s.nn. (H)róð-, -laugr; CV pp. 287, 374 s.v. hróðr, laug def. IV; NR s.nn. Hróðlaug(R), Hróði, Hróð-, -laugR |
| Hróðmárr, Róðmarr |
Found in Old Danish as Rothmar, in Old Swedish as Rodhmar, and in OW.Norse as Hróðmárr. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -márr see above. Recorded as the name of a single historical person in the 800's (Hróðmárr Hróaldsson, from Landnámabók ch. 3), with a few fictional instances, including the Eddaic poem Helgakviða Hjorvarþssonar, and a possible Norwegian place-name. Found in Sweden in the runic inscription ruþmar (King Hróðmarr). A few late instances occur in Denmark. Occurs in the runic accusative form [hruþm...(r)]. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hróðmarr; FJ pp. 221, 346, 350 s.nn. Róðmarr, (H)róð-, -marr; CV pp. 287, 418, 443 s.v. hróðr, -már, mærr; NR s.nn. Hróðmarr, Hróði, Hróð-, -marr |
| Hróðmundr, Róðmundr, Hrómundr |
Found in Old Swedish as Romund and in OW.Norse as Hróðmundr. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Several instances are recorded in Norway and Iceland, but only very rarely later on. A few instances are found in Sweden. Runic examples include the nominative forms hrumunt, hrumuntr, hru:muntr, hrumun- and the accusative forms r[mun]t, romunt, rum(u).... A form appears in Old English as well, for example Hroðmund in Beowulf. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrómundr; FJ pp. 221-222, 346, 350 s.nn. Róðmundr, (H)róð-, -mundr; CV pp. 287, 437-438 s.v. hróðr, mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Hróðmundr, Hróði, Hróð-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Hróðsteinn |
Found in Old Danish as Rosten and in Old Swedish as Rodhsten. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms rostein, rustin. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
FJ pp. 346, 351 s.nn. (H)róð-, -steinn; CV pp. 287, 591 s.v. hróðr, steinn; NR s.n. Hróðstæinn, Hróði, Hróð-, -stæinn |
| Hróðólfr, Hróðulfr, Róðulfr |
Found in Old Danish as Rodulf and in Old Swedish as Rodholf. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. In West Scandinavia this name is used in the contracted form Hrólfr. Runic examples include the nominative forms rHuulfR, ruulfR, [ruul(f)(R)] and the accusative form ruulf. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hróðólfr; FJ pp. 222-223, 346, 351 s.nn. *Róðulfr, (H)róð-, -ulfr; CV pp. 287, 668 s.v. hróðr, úlfr; NR s.nn. HróðulfR, HrólfR, Hróði, Hróð-, -ulfR |
| Hróðvaldr, Hróðaldr |
Found in Old Swedish as Rodhvald or Rovald. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -valdr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form roþanþr. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. (H)róð-; CV pp. 287, 675 s.v. hróðr, valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Hróð(v)aldr, Hróði, Hróð-, -valdr |
| Hrœrekr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Rørik, found in OW.Norse as Hrœrekr. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -rekr see above. The sound in the first element is affected by the second element. Runic examples include the nominative forms hruRikR, rorikR, ruRikr, ryþikr and the genitive form ryR:iks. Related to the Old English name Hreðric and modern English Roderick. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrœrekr; FJ pp. 346, 350 s.nn. (H)róð-, -ríkr; CV pp. 287, 499 s.v. hróðr, ríkr; NR s.nn. HrøríkR, Hróð-, RíkR, -ríkR |
| Hrói |
Found in Old Danish as Roi and in OW.Norse as Hrói, derived from *HróþiwíhaR. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -vér or -vir see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form rui. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrói; FJ pp. 346, 352 s.nn. (H)róð-, -vér; CV p. 287 s.v. hróðr; NR s.n. HróiR, Hróð-, -véR |
| Hrókr, Rókr, Róki |
From the OW.Norse noun hrókr "rook, crow". Found in OW.Norse as Hrókr Sævilsson, a fictional character from Hrólfs saga kraka ok kappa hans. Two possible instances are found in Denmark as a personal name and as a by-name, Rok. Appears as Rog in Sweden. The hypothetical weak side-form Róki is derived from place-names in Denmark and Sweden. Occurs in the runic accusative case form rok. Possible Anglo-Scandinavian occurrences include the place-names Roxebi, Roscebi, Rochesbi, Rochesham, Roxton and the names Róc and Roc, however these may instead derive from Old English name Hroca or the bird, which is either hrókr (Old Norse) or hroc (Old English). |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrókr; FJ p. 223 s.nn. Rókr, Róki; NR s.n. HrókR |
| Hrólfr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Rolf, occurs in OW.Norse as Hrólfr. Contraction of Hróðólfr. For the second element -ólfr see above. Also found in the Danish runic inscriptions rhuulfR, ruulfR, rulfR, rolfr. Runic examples include the nominative forms hrulfR, hurulfr, rhulf, [rolfr], r[ol]u[fr], rufRa, rulfR, rulufR, ru[-]f[-] and the accusative forms hrulf, (h)rulf, (r)ulf. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Rolf, Rolft, Roolf, Roulf. The name of the Norman leader Rollo was a Latinized version of this name. Related to the German name Rudolph and the modern English name Ralph. |
GB p. 11 s.nn. Hrólfr, Hróðólfr; FJ pp. 222-223, 346, 351; CV pp. 287, 668 s.v. hróðr, úlfr; NR s.n. HrólfR, HróðulfR, Hróð-, -ulfR |
| Hrollaugr |
The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -laugr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrollaugr; FJ pp. 346, 350 s.nn. (H)róð-, -laugr; CV pp. 287, 374 s.v. hróðr, laug def. IV; NR s.n. -laugR |
| Hrolleifr |
Found in Old Danish as Rolef, in Old Swedish as Rollef, and in OW.Norse as Hrolleifr. The first element is from Hróð-, see above. For the second element -leifr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms rulaifR, rulef, [rulefr], [rulifr], rulifR and the accusative form rolif. A short form of masculine names in Hróð- is Hróði. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrolleifr; FJ pp. 346, 350 s.n. (H)róð-, -leifr; CV pp. 287, 381 s.v. hróðr, leif; NR s.nn. HróðlæifR, Hróði, Hróð-, -læifR/-lafR |
| HrømingR |
This name is found in Old Swedish in the Latinized form Rømingus. Derived from the Old High German first element (H)ruom-, "praise, fame, reputation." Occurs in the runic accusative case form rymik. |
NR s.n. HrømingR |
| Hrónarr |
|
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrónarr |
| Hrongviðr |
For the second element -viðr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrongviðr; FJ p. 352 s.n. -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.n. Við-, -viðr |
| Hrossbjǫrn |
The first element Hross- is identical with Old Iceandic hross, "horse". For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrossbjǫrn; FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. (H)ross-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Hrosskell, Rossketill |
Found in OW.Norse as Hrosskell. For the first element Hross- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. A few instances are recorded in West Scandinavia. The name is hypothesized in Sweden from place-name evidence. Occurs in the runic nominative form roskitil. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Roscheltorp, Roskilgate, Roskilleber, Roskelholm and the names Roscetel, Roschel, Roschil, Ruschil, Roskel, Ruskel. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrosslell; FJ pp. 225-226, 346, 349 s.nn. Rossketill, (H)ross-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Hrosskætill, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Hrútr |
Occurs in OW.Norse as both a personal name and as a by-name, Hrútr. Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Rut. From the OW.Norse noun hrútr "ram, male sheep." Occurs in the runic genitive case form ru-ts. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hrútr; NR s.n. Hrútr |
| Hugaldr |
Found in Old Swedish as Hughald or Hughalde. From the OW.Norse noun hugr "mind, thought" and the second element -aldr, which is derived from Germanic *-aðla-. Runic examples include the nominative form huka(l)-(r) and the genitive form hukals. A short form of names in either Hug- or -hugi is Hugi. |
NR s.n. Hugaldr, Hugi |
| Hugbjǫrn |
The first element Hug- is from OW.Norse hugr "mind, thought." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [hukbiarn]. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. A short form of names in either Hug- or -hugi is Hugi. |
CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.n. Hugbiǫrn, Hugi, -biǫrn |
| Hugi |
Found in Old Danish as the Latinized form Hugo, also found as the by-name Hughe. Found in Old Swedish as Hughi and in OW.Norse as Hugi. This name is a short form of names in either Hug- or -hugi. From the OW.Norse noun hugr "mind, thought." Found in Norway, Iceland, and Sweden, and possibly in some Danish place-names. It is also possible that the name may be a loan from Continental Germanic Hugo. Runic examples include the nominative form [uhi] and the accusative form [huka]. The Anglo-Scandinavian form of this name is Hughi. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hugi; FJ p. 143 s.n. Hugi; NR s.n. Hugi |
| HultríkR |
Possibly found in Old Danish as Huldrik, occurs in Old Swedish as Hultrik. The first element Hult- is from the OW.Norse noun holt, "tree-filled copse, small forest, woodland." For the suffix -ríkr or -rekr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms hu(l)r-..., hultrikr. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.n. HultríkR, -ríkR |
| Hulviðr |
For the second element -viðr see above. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hulviðr; FJ p. 352 s.n. -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Við-, -viðr |
| Humli |
Originally a by-name related to Old Icelandic humli, "hops, hop-plant". Found in West Scandinavian as both a by-name and as a personal name. Recorded in the Latinized Danish form Humblus. A proposed Swedish form, *Humble has been deduced from place-name evidence. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Humeltone, Umelton, Humbletun, or these may derive as a palce name indicating the presence of hops (cf. Old Icelandic humli, or landscape features from Old English *humol or Old Icelandic humul, "a rounded hillock". |
FJ p. 142 s.n. Humli |
| Húnbogi |
The first element Hún- is of uncertain origin, but is probably either identical to Old Icelandic húnn, "child, (bear) cub" or possibly derives from Primitive Scandinavian *hun, "high". A short form of names in Hún- is Húni. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Húnbogi; FJ pp. 145-146, 344 s.n. Húni, Hún-; NR s.n. Húnviðr |
| Hundi, Hundr |
Originally a by-name meaning "hound, dog". The weak form, Hundi, appears in a few instances in West Scandinavian, where it may be a translation of a Celtic word meaning "dog". The strong form Hundr, is found as a by-name in West Scandinavia. In Denmark the strong form appears as both a personal name and as a by-name. Anglo-Scandinavian place-names which may be derived from this name include Hundebi, Hunbia, Humbi, Hundemar, Hundelandes, Hundesburton, or these may derive from the animal name in either Old English or Old Norse. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hundi; FJ pp. 144 s.nn. Hundi, Hundr |
| Hundifotr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation from a by-name meaning "dog-foot". For the first element Hundi- see above. |
FJ pp. 144 s.nn. Hundi, Hundr, *Hundifótr |
| Hundigeirr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation. For the first element Hundi- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian name Hundger. |
FJ pp. 144, 343, 349 s.nn. *Hundigeirr, Geir-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Hundigrímr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation. For the first element Hundi- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian name Hundegrim. |
FJ pp. 145, 343, 349 s.nn. *Hundigrímr, Grím-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.n. -grímR |
| Hundingr |
For the first element Hundi- see above. This is the name of a saga-king, and also occurs in a few West Scandinavian place-names. Also appears in Denmark and Sweden. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Hundintone, Hundinton, Hundintune, Hondintone and the names Hundic and Hundinc. |
FJ p. 145 s.n. Hundingr |
| Hundólfr, Hundulfr |
For the first element Hundi- see above. For the second element -olfr or -ulfr see above. Appears at the time of the Settlement of Iceland. Found occasionally in Norway after that time as well. A Norman form, Hundulf also is documented, but may be a Continental Germanic borrowing. May appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Hundelbi, Hvndvlftorp, Hundulftorp, Hundoluesdale, Hundoluesdala, Hundolftweith, Hundolfgot, or these may derive from Húnulfr. |
GB p. 11 s.n. Hundólfr; FJ pp. 145, 351 s.nn. Hundulfr, -ulfr |
| Húni |
A short form of names in Hún-, see above. Found in Norway after 1400. Appears frequently in Denmark from the late 1300's, mostly in South Jutland, where it was probably a loan from Frisian. Also found in Swedish, where it may be "Hun, Hunnish warrior". May appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian form Hune. |
FJ pp. 145-146 s.n. Húni; NR s.n. Húnviðr |
| Hunni |
See also Unni. |
FJ p. 146 s.n. *Hunni |
| Húnn |
See Hún-, above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Húnn; FJ pp. 344 s.n. Hún-; NR s.n. Húnviðr |
| Húnketill |
A hypothetical form postulated from Anglo-Scandinavian place-name evidence. See Hún-, above. For the second element -ketill see above. See also Unnketill. A short form of names in Hún- is Húni. |
FJ pp. 145-146, 344, 349 s.nn. *Húnketill, Húni, Hún-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. Húnviðr, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Húnrøðr |
For the first element Hún- see above. The second element is a form of -frøðr, see above. A few instances occur in Iceland. Anglo-Scandinavian place-names using this name include Hundredestoit, Hundresthuait. A short form of names in Hún- is Húni. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Húnrøðr; FJ pp. 146, 344, 348 s.nn. Húnrøðr, Húni, Hún-, -røðr; NR s.n. Húnviðr |
| Húnþjófr |
For the first element Hún- see above. For the second element -þjófr see above. A short form of names in Hún- is Húni. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Húnþjófr; FJ pp. 146, 344, 351 s.nn. Húni, Hún-, -þjófr; NR s.n. Húnviðr |
| Húnulfr |
For the first element Hún- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. A short form of names in Hún- is Húni. |
FJ pp. 146, 347, 351 s.nn. Húnulfr, Húni, Hún-, -ulfr; NR s.n. Húnviðr |
| Húnviðr |
Possibly found in Old Swedish as Hunvidh. For the first element Hún- see above. For the suffix -viðr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form hunuiþ. A short form of names in Hún- is Húni. |
FJ pp. 146, 342 s.n. Húni, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Húnviðr, Hún-, -viðr |
| Húsbjǫrn |
The first element Hús- is from the OW.Norse hús "room, house", otherwise it is not found as a Scandinavian personal name element; the name may nevertheless be thought of as a variant from the by-name húskarl, "free man in service to another person." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Occurs in the runic accusative case form husbiorn. |
CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.n. Húsbiǫrn, -biǫrn |
| Húskarl |
Occurs as a Scandinavian name in England. From the OW.Norse noun húskarl "free man in service to another person". Runic examples include the nominative forms huskarl (4 instances) and the genitive form huskarlsa. |
NR s.n. Húskarl |
| Hvalr, Hwal |
"Whale." The name of a mythological giant in West Scandinavia, occurs in the 1300s as a Norwegian by-name. In Denmark there are several occurrences as a by-name, Hwal. |
FJ pp. 147 s.n. Hvalr |
| Hvatgeirr |
The first element Hvat- is from the OW.Norse adjective hvatr "quick, bold, brave, daring, manly." For the second element -geirr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form uatar. |
FJ pp. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. HvatgæiRR, Hvatr, -gæiRR |
| Hvati |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Hvati |
| Hvatr |
Found in OW.Norse as Hvatr (also found as a by-name), and in Old Danish as the by-name Hoat. From the OW.Norse adjective hvatr "quick, bold, brave, daring, manly." Runic examples include the nominative forms [huakr]. |
NR s.n. Hvatr |
| Hvelpr, Hwalp |
Originally a by-name, "whelp". occurs as the personal name of one of the sons of an earl or Orkney. Also found as a by-name ca. 1000. A Danish form, Hwalp, is found as a by-name. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Hvelpr; FJ pp. 147 s.n. |
| Hvíthofði |
Found in Old Danish as the by-name Hwithoveth, in Old Swedish as the by-name Hvithovudh, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Hvíthofuð. Compounded from the OW.Norse adjective hvítr "white" and -hofði, "head." Occurs in the runic accusative case forms huit'haufþa, oithafþ[a] as a personal name, for example: "Fastulfr had the stones erected in memory of Hvíthofði, his father. Ásmundr carved and Vígmarr." |
CV pp. 302-303, 306 s.nn. hvítr, hofði; NR s.n. Hvíthofði, -hofði |
| Hvítkárr |
Compounded from the OW.Norse adjective hvítr "white" and the second element -kárr, which is from the OW.Norse adjective *kárr, from Germanic *kaura- "bowed, curved" with the sense partly of "curly, wavy", partly "obstinate, pugnacious, reluctant." Occurs in the runic genitive form ui(t)kars in an inscription reading, "Gunnarr and Sassurr, they had this stone raised in memory of Geirbjǫrn, their father, Hvítkárr of Svalunes's son. Norwegians killed him on Ásbjǫrn's cargo-ship." |
NR s.n. Hvítkárr |
| Hvítr, Hvíti |
Found both as a name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Hwit, in Old Swedish as Hvit, and in OW.Norse as Hvítr. From the OW.Norse adjective hvítr "white." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative form [huitr]: "Hvítr and Karl and Ulfr(?)had...". |
FJ pp. 147 s.nn. Hvítr, Hvíti; NR s.n. Hvítr |
| Hyrningr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Hyrningr |
| Hýsingr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Hýsingr |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Ígulbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Ighulbiorn. The first element, Ígul-, may be derived from the OW.Norse noun ígull "sea-urchin," but nevertheless probably has an original sense of "hedgehog." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of names in Ígul- is Iuli. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Runic examples of this name include the nominative forms ig(u)lbi(u)rn, ihulbarn, ihulbiarn, ihulbiurn, [ikulbiarn], ikulburn, ...[kulbi](u)rn and the accusative forms igulbiarn, ihulbiarn, ikulbiaurn, iylburn. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 317 s.v. björn, ígull; NR s.nn. Ígulbiǫrn, Ígul-, Ígull, -biǫrn, Iuli |
| Ígulfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Ighulfast. For the first element Ígul-, see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms ihulfastr, ihy[lfastr], ikulfastr, [ikulfastr], ikul*fhstr, iolfast, iulfastr and the accusative forms [ih]ulfast, ikulfast, iulfast, [iulfast]. A short form of names in Ígul- is Iuli. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
CV pp. 145, 317 s.v. fastr, ígull; NR s.nn. Ígulfastr, Ígul-, Ígull, -fastr, Iuli, Fasti |
| Ígull |
Found in Old Swedish as Ighul (also found as a by-name), occurs in OW.Norse as Ígull. This name may be derived from the OW.Norse noun ígull "sea-urchin," but nevertheless probably has an original sense of "hedgehog." Runic examples include the nominative forms igul, ihul (4 instances), ikul, (in)kul and the accusative forms igul, ihul, [ihul], ikhul, ikul, (in)kul. A short form of names in Ígul- is Iuli. |
CV p. 317 s.v. ígull; NR s.nn. Ígull, Iuli |
| Illfúss |
From the OW.Norse adjective illfúss "wicked, spiteful, malicious." May occur in the runic nominative form ilfus. |
NR s.n. Illfúss |
| Illugi |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Illughi, occurs in OW.Norse as Illugi (also found as a by-name). From the OW.Norse noun *illhugi "one who has a wicked or evil nature, bad-natured man." Runic examples include the nominative forms iluhi (4 instances), [iluhi], iluki (3 instances), [iluki], [ily]ikiiluka, and the accusative forms hiluka, ilhu[tfa], iluka. |
NR s.n. Ill(h)ugi |
| Ingi |
Found in Old Danish and Old West Norse as Ingi, and in Old Swedish as Inge, this name originates as a short form of masculine names beginning in Ingi-. The first element Ing- (before a vowel) and Ingi- are of uncertain origin. This name element is thought to derive from Germanic *Ingwia-, which is formed from the Germanic god-name *Ingwaz, compounded with the suffix of belonging, -ia- - nevertheless there is no direct proof of this derivation. Alternately the name may indicate national origin from the Germanic *ingwianiz "Ingaevones" (Latin inguaeones, ingaeuones) mentioned by Pliny and Tacitus, who describe these as a coastal Germanic tribe, who took their name from that of a mythical person or god from which the tribe sprang. The etymology of *Ingw-/*ingw- is disputed and uncertain, but may be related to other words of Indo-European origin, such as Greek encox, "lance, staff" in a meaning related perhaps to male genitalia, since the name is also associated with the god Ingvi-Freyr. The name Ingi is found very early in Denmark and Sweden, where it remained common, for example in the Latinized Danish form Ingo. The name spread from there to Norway, where it first was adopted by members of the Norwegian royal house. A few instances occur in Iceland. Runic examples include the nominative forms iki, in(n)ki and the accusative forms igi, ika. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Ingeham and in the names Inghe, Inge, Ing. |
FJ pp. 149-150, 344 s.nn. Ingi, Ingi-; NR s.nn. Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-) |
| Ingibjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Ingebiorn and in OW.Norse as Ingibjǫrn. For the first element Ingi- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Runic examples include the nominative forms ikibiarn, ikib(in)rn, [iki-in]orn, ingibiorn and the accusative forms ikibiarn, inkibiarn. |
FJ pp. 344, 348 s.nn. Ingi-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Ingibiǫrn, Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-), -biǫrn |
| Ingifastr |
Found in Old Danish as Ingifast and in Old Swedish Ingevast. For the first element Ingi- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. Runic examples include the nominative forms ikifastr (10 instances), inkifastr (4 instances), (in)nk(in)f(a)[s]tr, inki[f](a)(s)(t)(r), the genitive form [ikifatar] and the accusative forms ikifast, (in)kifast, ingifast, inkifast (3 instances), ink[in]fast, [inki]fast, [inkifast]. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
CV pp. 145 s.v. fastr; FJ p. 344 s.n. Ingi-; NR s.nn. Ingifastr, Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-), -fastr, Fasti |
| Ingigeirr |
For the first element Ingi- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. Runic examples may include the nominative forms igikeR, ikik(e)r, in[k]ik[in]r, although these may instead represent the name Ingigærðr. |
FJ pp. 344, 349 s.nn. Ingi-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. IngigæiRR, Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-), -gæiRR, Ingigærðr |
| Ingikárr |
For the first element Ingi- see above. For the second element -kárr see above. A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. May occur in the runic nominative form inkikar, although this inscription may instead represent the name Ingigærðr. |
FJ p. 344 s.n. Ingi-; NR s.nn. Ingikárr, Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-), -kárr, Ingigærðr |
| Ingileifr |
A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian construction. For the first element Ingi- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. Either this name or Ingulfr give rise to the Anglo-Scandinavian name Ingolef. |
FJ pp. 150, 344, 350 s.nn. *Ingileifr, Ingi-, -leifr; CV p. 381 s.v. leif; NR s.nn. Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-), -læifR |
| Ingimann |
For the first element Ingi- see above. The second element may instead be a substitution for -mundr (see -mundr above). A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. Not recorded in West Scandinavia but fairly common in Denmark. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Indegkemanethorp, Yngmanthorp. |
FJ pp. 150, 344 s.nn. Ingimann, Ingi-; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-) |
| Ingimárr |
Found in Old Danish as Ingimar, in Old Swedish as Ingemar, and in OW.Norse as Ingimárr. For the first element Ingi- see above. For the second element -márr see above. One of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn bore this name. Otherwise common in West Scandinavia from 1150 onwards. Also recorded in Sweden and Denmark. A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. Runic examples include the nominative forms ikimar (3 instances), inkimar, the genitive form ikimar- and the accusative forms ikim[a]r, [inkmar]. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Ingemerestanes. |
FJ pp. 151, 344, 350 s.nn. Ingimarr, Ingi-, -marr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr; NR s.nn. Ingimarr, Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-), -marr |
| Ingimundr |
Found in Old Danish as Ingimund, in Old Swedish as Ingemund, and in OW.Norse as Ingimundr. For the first element Ingi- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. This name is common in Sweden and Denmark, and probably spread from there to Norway, where it makes its first appearance in the 1100's, but did not become frequent in Norway until the 1300's. A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. Runic examples include the nominative forms ekimunr, ikimuntr, inkimuntr, [inki]muntr, nkimuntr, [...-nk]imunt[r] and the accusative forms ikimunt, ikiunt, inkimunt, [inkimunt], [inkimuntr]. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Ingemund (1066-1068), Ingemunde (1066-1068), Yngemund (1409). |
FJ pp. 150-151, 344, 350 s.nn. Ingimundr, Ingi-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Ingimundr, Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-), -mundr, Mundi |
| Ingjaldr |
Found in Old Danish as Ingiald, in Old Swedish as Ingiæld, and in OW.Norse as Ingialdr. An early loan from west Germanic; compare with Old English Ingeld, Continental Germanic Ingeldus, etc. From a strong west Germanic prefix i- and Germanic *-geldaz, related to the OW.Norse verb gjalda "to owe a debt." Possibly the name may also be understood as a contracted form of Ingivaldr. A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. Runic examples include the nominative forms igialtr, [ikialr], ikialtr, [iki](a)ltr, [ikiauoR], inkaltr, inkialr, inkialt, inkialtr (5 instances), and the accusative forms ikalt, ikal:t, ikialt, [ikialt], inkialt, [inkialt], [inkialti], [in-ialt], ...kia(l)t. |
FJ pp. 151-152, 344 s.nn. Ingjaldr, Ingi-, ; NR s.nn. Ingialdr, Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-) |
| Ingivaldr |
Found in Old Danish as Ingwald, in Old Swedish as Ingevald, and in OW.Norse as Ingivaldr. For the first element Ingi- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. Runic examples include the nominative forms ikiualtr, ikiuatr, inkihualtr, inkiualtr, [inkualr] and the accusative form inkihualt. |
CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Ingivaldr, Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-), -valdr |
| Ingólfr |
Found in Old Danish as Ingulf, in Old Swedish as Ingolf, and in OW.Norse as Ingólfr. For the first element Ingi- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. A short form of masculine names in Ing- or Ingi- is Ingi. Runic examples include the nominative forms ikulfr, [ikulfr], ikulf*r, [ikulfR], ingulfr, inkulfr and the accusative forms ikulb, inkulf. |
FJ pp. 344, 351 s.n. Ingi-, -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. IngulfR, Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-), -ulfR |
| Ísólfr |
The first element Ís- is probably from Old Icelandic íss, "ice on sea or water". For the second element -ólfr see above. |
GB p.12; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 319, 668 s.v. íss, úlfr; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Iuli |
Found in Old Danish as Iuli and in Old Swedish as Iule. A short form of names in Ígul-. Runic examples include the nominative form iuli and the accusative form iula. |
NR s.n. Iuli, Ígul- |
| Ívarr, Yngvarr |
Found in Old Danish as Iwar, in Old Swedish as Ivar, and in OW.Norse as Ívarr. The origin of this name is unclear. Fellows-Jenson states that the first element is probably from Ingi-, as *Inhu-harjaz > Primitive Scandinavian *Ihu-harjaR > *Ihu-harR > Ívarr. If this is correct, then the second element -arr is derived from either *harjaR, Old Icelandic herr, "army, warrior" or from *gaiRaR, Old Icelandic geirr, "spear". A side form of the name, Yngvarr, exists, derived from *Inzu-harjaz > Yngvarr. Appears in Irish sources as Inwar and Imhair. Nordiskt runnamnslexikon argues that the first element derives from Primitive Scandinavian *iwa, "yew-tree, yew-bow", related to Old icelandic ýr, plural ífar. Runic examples in both the nominative and accusative case appear asiuar. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Geresbi, Ieresbi and the names Yward, Iuer, Iver, Ywerker. |
FJ pp. 153, 348 s.n. Ívarr, -arr; NR s.nn. Ingvarr, Ingv-, Ing(in)-, -arr |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Jafri |
This name is a weak side-form of Jafurr or Jofurr. It occurs inn the runic accusative case form iafra. |
NR s.nn. Iafri, Iofurr |
| Jakob |
Christian, Jacob. A diminuitive form of Jakob is Kobbi. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Jakob; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| JargeiRR |
The first element in this name is formed from OW.Norse jara "battle." For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form iar-eiR and the accusative form iarkiR. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. IargæiRR, -gæiRR |
| Jarl |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Swedish as Iærl and in OW.Norse as Jarl. From the OW.Norse noun jarl "free, distinguished man, chieftain." Runic examples include the nominative form iarl (6 instances), the genitive form iarls, and the accusative forms iarl (7 instances), [iart], [ia...], iorl. |
NR s.n. Iarl |
| Jarli |
Found in Old Swedish as the name Iærle and in OW.Norse as the by-name Jarli. Derived from OW.Norse jarl "free, distinguished man, chieftain" or a diminuitive form of Jarl.. |
NR s.nn. Iarl, Iarli |
| Jarmárr |
For the second element -márr see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Jarmarr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -marr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr; NR s.n. -marr |
| Járngrímr |
The first element Járn- is identical with Old Icelandic járn, "iron". For the second element -grímr see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Járngrímr; FJ pp. 344, 349 s.nn. Járn-, -grímr; CV pp. 216, 325 s.v. gríma, járn; NR s.n. -grímR |
| Járni |
Found in Old Swedish as Iærne (though this may instead be a short form of Iærund). Derived from OW.Norse járn "iron." Occurs in the runic accusative case form iarna. |
NR s.n. Iarni |
| Járnskeggi |
For the first element Járn see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Járnskeggi; FJ p. 344 s.n. Járn-; CV pp. 325 s.v. járn |
| Jarpi |
Occurs in Old Swedish as the by-name Iærpe. From the OW.Norse adjective jarpr "brown" or from OW.Norse jarpi "hazel hen (Tetrao bonasia)" (origin "the brown"). The Runic Swedish name may also be understood as a diminuitive of JarpR or masculine names in Jarp- such as JarpulfR. Occurs in the runic nominative form iarbi. |
NR s.n. Iarpi |
| Jarpr |
Found in OW.Norse as Jarpr; compare with Old Danish Erp (also found as a by-name), OW.Norse Erpr. From the OW.Norse adjective jarpr, "brown." Runic examples include the nominative form (in)arbR and the accusative form iab. Jarpi may represent a diminutive form of this name. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Jarpr; NR s.n. Iarpr, Iarpi |
| JarpulfR |
Found in Old Danish as Iarpulf and in Old Swedish as Iærpolf. The first element from the OW.Norse adjective jarpr, "brown." For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form [iarbukf]. |
NR s.nn. IarpulfR, -ulfR |
| Játgeirr |
For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Játgeirr; FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Játmundr |
For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Játmundr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. -mundr, Mundi |
| Játráðr |
For the second element -ráðr see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Játráðr; FJ p. 345 s.n. Ráð- |
| Játvarðr |
For the second element -varðr see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Játvarðr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -varðr; CV p. 722 s.v. vorðr |
| Játvígr |
For the second element -vígr see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Játvígr; NR s.nn. Vígr, Víg-, -vígr |
| Jóarr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Ioar, occurs in OW.Norse as Jóarr. The first element Jó- is from the OW.Norse noun jór (derived from Germanic *ehwaz) "horse." For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms ioar, iuar and the accusative form iuar (although the forms in iuar may instead represent the name Ívarr). |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -arr; NR s.nn. Ióarr, Ió-, -arr |
| Jóbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Iobiorn. For the first element Jó-, see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Runic examples include the nominative forms eubern, iubiarn, iubrn and the accusative forms iubiarn, iybiurn. |
CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Ióbiǫrn, Ió-, -biǫrn |
| Joðurr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Joðurr |
| Jófreyr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Jófreyr |
| Jofurbjǫrn |
The first element Jofur- is from the OW.Norse noun jofurr (from Primitive Scandinavian *eburaR), originally with a sense of "wild boar" but coming to mean "prince" because of the boar-crested helmets such men were said to have worn. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Occurs in the runic nominative form ihfurbiarn. |
CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Iofurbiǫrn, Iofur-, -biǫrn |
| Jofurr |
Found in Old Swedish as Iuvur and in OW.Norse as Jofurr. From the OW.Norse noun jofurr (from Primitive Scandinavian *eburaR), originally with a sense of "wild boar" but coming to mean "prince" because of the boar-crested helmets such men were said to have worn. Runic examples include the nominative forms iofur, iufur (3 instances), [iufur] (3 instances) and the accusative forms iafur, iufur, [iufur]. |
NR s.n. Iofurr |
| Jofursteinn |
For the first element Jofur- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. May occur in the runic nominative form if[r]s[t]a[in]. |
CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Iofurstæinn, Iofur-, -stæinn |
| Jógeirr |
Found in OW.Norse as Jógeirr. For the first element Jó-, see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms iokeR, iukaiR, iuk(a)iR, iukiR (3 instances) and the accusative forms iu(k)aiR, iukeir. |
CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. IógæiRR, Ió-, -gæiRR |
| Jóhann, Jóhannes |
Found in Old Swedish as Iohan and in OW.Norse as Jóhann. Christian name; Scandinavian form of Greek Johannes (modern John or Johann). Runic examples include the nominative forms ioan, [ioan], iohan, [ioh]..., iuan, iuon, iyan and the accusative form ioan. |
GB p. 12 s.nn. Jóhann, Jóhannes; NR s.nn. Ió(h)an, Ión |
| Jókell |
For the first element Jó-, see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Jókell; FJ pp. 349 s.n. -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Ió-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Jokull |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Jokull |
| Jófreiðr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Jófreiðr |
| Jólgeirr |
Found in Old Danish as Iulger and in OW.Norse as Jólgeirr. For the first element Ígul-, see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the accusative case forms ihulkai, (in)u(l)kiR. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Jólgeirr; FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. ÍgulgæiRR, Ígul-, Ígull, -gæiRR |
| Jón, Ión |
The name Jón is a contracted form of Jóan or Jóhan, and is a name adopted from Christian Johannes. The name is found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Ion, and in OW.Norse as Ión or Jón. Runic examples include the nominative case form ion and the accusative case forms ion or [iu]n. A diminuitive form of this name is Jóni or Jónsi. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Jón; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; NR s.nn. Ión, Ió(h)an |
| Jóni |
Diminuitive form of Jón. Occurs in the runic genitive case form ionha. |
NR s.nn. Ióni, Ión, Ió(h)an |
| Jónsi |
A diminuitive form of Jón (related to English Johnny). |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Jóngeirr |
Compound from the Christian name Jón. For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Jóngeirr; FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. Ión, Ió(h)an, -gæiRR |
| Jórkell |
The first element Jór- is from the OW.Norse noun *jórr (derived from Primitive Scandinavian *eburaR), "wild boar," originally with a sense of "wild boar" but coming to mean "prince" because of the boar-crested helmets such men were said to have worn. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form [iorkil] (though some scholars emend this reading of the inscription to the name þorkil). |
CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. Iórkæll, Iórkæll, Þórkæ(ti)ll, Iór-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| JóR |
This name is known from a runic inscription in the nominative case, iauR, which may instead represent the name HoR. From OW.Norse jór (derived from Germanic *ehwaz "horse." |
NR s.n. IóR |
| JórulfR |
For the first element Jór-, see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form iurulf (though this may instead represent the name HjorulfR). |
NR s.n. IórulfR, Iór-, -ulfR, HiorulfR |
| Jorundi |
This name may represent a weak side-form of the name Jorundr. Runic examples include the genitive case form [in]aruntaiaruta. |
NR s.nn. Iorundi, Iorundr |
| Jorundr |
Found in Old Danish as Iarund or Iorund, in Old Swedish as Iorund, Iærund, Iørund, and in OW.Norse as Jorundr. This name is of disputed origin. The first element may be from the OW.Norse noun jara "battle." For the second element -undr or -vindr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms iarntr, iaruntr, iaru[ntr], [iaruntr], iarutr, in[or]uidr, [iorunt]r, iuruntr, iurun[tr], [iuruntr], iurunt..., [iyruntr] and the accusative forms iaru(n)t, [iarunt], iarut, iaruta, ierunt, iorunt, in(o)rut, iurunt. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Jorundr; NR s.nn. Iorundr, Ior-, -undr/-vindr |
| Jósep |
Christian, Joseph |
GB p. 12 s.n. Jósep |
| Jósteinn |
Found in Old Danish as Iosten and in OW.Norse as Jósteinn. For the first element Jó-, see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms iystin, [yustin] and the accusative forms iusti[n], iust, iystin. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Jósteinn; FJ p. 351 s.n. -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Ióstæinn, Ió-, -stæinn |
| Josurr |
A proper name from Hyndluljóð, perhaps derived from Norse jase, "hare". |
GB p. 12 s.n. Josurr; CV pp. 328 s.v. Josurr |
| Júti |
Found both as a personal name and a by-name, occurring in Old Danish as Iuti, Old Swedish as Iute, and in OW.Norse as Júti. From Old Swedish iute, "Jute, person from Jutland." Occurs in the runic accusative case form iuta. |
NR s.n. Iúti |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Kabbi |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Kabbi and in Old Swedish as Kabbe. From a name corresponding to a Swedish dialect word kabbe "wooden block, ball." The runic evidence for this name is unclear: it is found in the runic nominative form kabi which may instead represent Gapi, Kampi, or Kappi. |
NR s.nn. Kabbi, Gapi, Kampi, Kappi |
| Kaðall |
Celtic |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kaðall |
| Kafli |
Found in Old Swedish as Kafle (also found as a by-name), and found in OW.Norse as the by-name Kafli. From the OW.Norse noun kafli "long, round piece of wood." Occurs in the runic nominative form kafli. |
NR s.n. Kafli |
| KagR |
Found in Old Swedish in the Latinized form Kagus. Of uncertain etymology. Runic examples include the nominative forms [kahu], kakr and the accusative forms kak (4 instances), kakr. The runic evidence is unclear, and may instead represent Gagarr, GagR, or KákR. |
NR s.n. KagR, Gagarr, GagR, KákR |
| KákR |
Found in Old Swedish as Kakir or Kaker. From Old Swedish *káker (derived from Primitive Scandinavian *kákaR) "wretch, bungler" or perhaps "pole, stake, tree-stump." Runic examples include the nominative form kakr and the accusative forms kak (4 instances), kakr. The runic evidence is unclear, and may instead represent Gagarr, GagR, or KagR. |
NR s.n. KákR, Gagarr, GagR, KagR |
| Kálfr |
Found as both a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Kalf, Old Swedish as Kalf, and OW.Norse as Kálfr. From OW.Norse kalfr "calf." Runic examples include the genitive form kalfs and the accusative forms kalf (4 instances), [kalf], [ka=nilf]. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kálfr; NR s.n. KalfR |
| Kali |
Found in Old Danish as Kali and possibly as the by-name Kale. Found in Old Swedish as Kale (also found as a by-name, etymology uncertain). Occurs in OW.Norse as both a personal name and a by-name, Kali. Derived from the OW.Norse verb kala "to freeze, to be cold." Runic examples include the nominative forms kali (6 instances), kal|in| and possibly the accusative form kala. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kali; NR s.n. Kali |
| Káll |
Found in Old Danish as the by-name Kal and in OW.Norse as the by-name Kál. From Old Swedish kal, related to OW.Norse kál "cabbage (Brassica oleracea)." Runic examples include the nominative form kal and the accusative form [kal]. |
NR s.n. Káll |
| Kalman |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Kalman |
| Kambi |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Kambi |
| Kampi |
Found in Old Danish as both the personal name and as the by-name Kampi (etymology uncertain). Found in OW.Norse as Kampi (also found as a by-name). Derived from OW.Norse kampr "mustache." The runic evidence for this name is unclear: it is found in the runic nominative form kabi which may instead represent Gapi, Kabbi, or Kappi. |
NR s.nn. Kampi, Gapi, Kabbi, Kappi |
| Kani |
Found in Old Swedish as Kane (also found as a by-name), and in OW.Norse as the by-name Kani. From the OW.Norse noun kani "bowl; boat." Occurs in the runic accusative case form kana. |
NR s.n. Kani |
| KanpR |
Found in Old Danish as the by-name Kamp and in OW.Norse as the by-name Kampr. From OW.Norse kanpr, kampr "moustache." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative form kabR. |
NR s.n. KanpR |
| Kappi |
Found in Old Swedish as Kappe (also found as a by-name, etymology uncertain), and in OW.Norse as the by-name Kappi. From OW.Norse kappi "warrior." The runic evidence for this name is unclear: it is found in the runic nominative form kabi which may instead represent Gapi, Kabbi, or Kampi. |
NR s.nn. Kappi, Gapi, Kabbi, Kampi |
| Kári |
Found in Old Danish as Kari, in Old Swedish as Kare, and in OW.Norse as Kári; all three forms are found both as a personal name and as a by-name. From the OW.Norse adjective OW.Norse adjective *kárr (from Germanic *kaura- "bowed, curved") with the sense partly of "curly, wavy," and partly "obstinate, pugnacious, reluctant." Runic examples include the nominative forms kare, kari (7 instances), kori, the genitive form kara and the accusative form kara (6 instances). |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kári; NR s.nn. Kári, Kárr |
| Karl |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish, Old Swedish, and OW.Norse as Karl. From the OW.Norse noun karl "free man." Runic examples include the nominative forms karl (14 instances), |karl (3 instances), ka[rl], [karl], [|karl], [|k-rl] and the accusative forms [karal], karl (6 instances), [karl]. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Karl; CV p. 331 s.v. karl; NR s.n. Karl |
| Karli |
Found in Old Danish as the personal name Karli and as the by-name Karle, in Old Swedish as Karle (also found as a by-name), and in OW.Norse as Karli. Diminuitive of Karl or derived from the by-name karl. Runic examples include the nominative forms karli, [karli]. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Karli; CV p. 331 s.v. karl; NR s.nn. Karli, Karl |
| Kárni |
Derived from OW.Norse kárn, which is thought to be a type of bird. Compare with the OW.Norse by-name Kárn. Occurs in the runic accusative case form karna, though this may instead represent either Garni or GæiRni. |
NR s.n. Kárni, Garni, GæiRni |
| Kárr |
Found as OW.Norse Kárr, both as a personal name and as a by-name. From the OW.Norse adjective *kárr (from Germanic *kaura- "bowed, curved") with the sense partly of "curly, wavy," and partly "obstinate, pugnacious, reluctant." Runic examples include the nominative forms kar (5 examples), karR, ...(k)arR and the accusative form kaur. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kárr; NR s.n. Kárr |
| Karsi |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Karse, from *Karl-si, derived from a by-name of Karl, or identical with the Swedish dialect word karse "wicker, basket." Occurs in the runic nominative form [karsi]. |
NR s.n. Karsi |
| Kár-Tóki |
Occurs as Scandinavian name in England, Kartoka, derived from masculine name Tóki prefixed with a by-name, the OW.Norse adjective *kárr (see above). Occurs in the runic nominative form kartuki. |
NR s.n. Kár-Tóki |
| KárungR |
"Kárr the Young." Derived from the OW.Norse adjective *kárr (see Kárr above). Occurs in the runic genitive form karuks. |
NR s.nn. KárungR, KarlungR |
| Kasi |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Kase. The name is related to the Swedish dialect word kase "heap, pile." The runic evidence for this name is unclear: it is found in the runic nominative form kase, which may instead represent Gási or Kassi. |
NR s.nn. Kasi, Gási, Kassi |
| Kassi |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Kasse. Related to Swedish kasse, "wicker, basket," and to Danish kasse, "chest." The runic evidence for this name is unclear: it is found in the runic nominative form kase, which may instead represent Gási or Kasi. |
NR s.nn. Kassi, Gási, Kasi |
| Káti |
May be found in Old Danish as both the personal name and by-name Kati, in OW.Norse as Káti (also found as a by-name), and in Old Swedish as the by-name Kate. From the OW.Norse adjective kátr "glad, cheerful." Runic examples include the nominative forms kati, ka[ti], [kati], the genitive form kata and the accusative forms kata, [kata]. |
NR s.n. Káti |
| Kaun |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Kaun |
| Kaupi |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Køpe and may exist in OW.Norse as a by-name, Kaupi. From the OW.Norse noun kaupi "purchaser, merchant." occurs in the runic nominative form kaubi. |
NR s.n. Kaupi |
| Keli |
Diminuitive form of Þórkell. |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Ketilbjǫrn |
Found in Old Danish as Ketilbiorn, Old Swedish as Kætilbiorn or Kælbiorn, and in OW.Norse as Ketilbjǫrn. The first element Ketil-, originally "kettle" but also has the meaning of "helmet" or "chieftain with helmet." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms katil:biarn, ketilbarn, ketilbiarn, [kiatilborn], kitilbiarn, kitilbiurn (3 instances), [kitli:biarn] and the accusative forms katilbiurn, k(in)(l)beaurn, kil(b)--..., kitilbiarn, [kitulbiurn]. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Ketilbjǫrn; FJ pp. 345, 348, 348 s.nn. Ketil-, -ketill, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 337-338 s.v. björn, ketill; NR s.nn. Kætilbiǫrn, Kætil-, -biǫrn, Biarni, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Ketilfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Kætilvast. For the first element Ketill see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [kaitluastr], [ketilfas], ketilfastr, kitil×fastr, [kitilfastr], [kitilfast-] and the accusative forms ketilfast, ketil[f]ast, kitilfast, kitilfastr. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
CV pp. 145, 337-338 s.v. fastr, ketill; NR s.nn. Kætilfastr, Kætil-, -fastr, -kæ(ti)ll, Fasti |
| Ketilhofði |
For the first element Ketill see above. For the second element -hofði see above. Runic examples include the nominative form [kitil]haufþiketilhaufþa, kitilhafþa. |
CV pp. 306, 337-338 s.v. hofði, ketill; NR s.nn. Kætilhofði, Kætil-, -kæ(ti)ll, -hofði |
| Ketilhoss |
For the first element Ketill see above. The second element is from the OW.Norse adjective hoss "gray." Occurs in the runic nominative form kitilas. |
CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Kætilhoss, Kætil-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Ketill |
Found in Old Danish as Ketil (also found as a by-name), in Old Swedish as Kætil, and in OW.Norse as Ketill. From the OW.Norse noun ketill. The basic sense of this word is "kettle" but is used in names meaning "helmet," as in a kettle-helm. Another sense is "chieftain with helmet." Runic examples include the nominative forms ik=til, katil (3 instances), [katil], kati..., [katl], keitil, ketil (6 instances), ke(t)il, [ketil], [keti...], [kiau], kitil (4 instances), kitil|, [kitil], [kt]il, the genitive forms [katils], kitils and the accusative forms kaitil, katil, [katil], ketil (5 instances), ke(t)(in)l, [ketil], kitil, |kitil, (k)(in)til, [kitil], [(k)itil]. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Ketill; FJ pp. 345, 349 s.nn. Ketil-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. Kætill, Kætil-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| KetillaugR |
Found in Old Danish as Ketilløgh and in Old Swedish as Kætilløgh. For the first element Ketill see above. For the second element -laugr see above. occurs in the runic accusative case form kelau. |
CV pp. 337-338, 374 s.v. ketill and laug def. IV; NR s.n. KætillaugR, Kætil-, -laugR, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Ketilmundr |
Found in Old Swedish as Kætilmund. For the first element Ketill see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [gatilRutr], [ketilmutr], [kitilmuntr], kiti[lm](u)[t]r, ki-ilmutr, the genitive forms kitilmun(t)aR, [kitilmuntaR] and the accusative forms [katelmunt], [ketilmun], ketilmunt, ketil[munt], [ket]ilmunt, kitilmut. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
CV pp. 337-338, 437-438 s.v. ketill, mundr; NR s.n. Kætilmundr, Kætil-, -mundr, -kæ(ti)ll, Mundi |
| KilfiR |
Of uncertain etymology. Occurs in the runic nominative form kilfihR. |
NR s.n. KilfiR |
| Kimbi |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Kimbi |
| KiúlákR |
Originally a Celtic name; compare with OW.Norse Kjallakr. Runic examples include the nominative forms giulakr, kiulakr, [kiula(in)...] and the accusative form kiulik. |
NR s.n. KiúlákR |
| Kiúli |
Of uncertain etymology. Three explanations are presented: 1) Short form of KiúlákR, 2) Derived from OW.Norse kjóll, "ship," with the suffix -inn, 3) construction from a place-name in Kjul- (in Old Swedish *kiúl, OW.Norse kjóll, "ship"). A fourth possibility is that the name is derived from *kiúl, kjóll with a suffix -in (from *-an-). Runic examples include the nominative forms kiuli, kiulin, kulikiula. |
NR s.n. Kiúli |
| Kjallakr |
From Celtic Cealloc. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kjallakr |
| Kjaran |
Celtic |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kjaran |
| Kjarfalr |
Celtic |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kjarfalr |
| Kjartan |
Celtic |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kjartan |
| Kjarvalr |
Celtic |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kjarvalr |
| Kjotvi |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in OW.Norse as Kjotvi. Derived from the OW.Norse noun kjot "flesh, meat." Occurs in the runic nominative form -in(o)(l)ui. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kjotvi; NR s.n. Kiotvi |
| Klakki |
Found in Old Danish as the personal name Klakki and the by-name Klakke. Occurs in Old Swedish as Klakke. Derived from OW.Norse klakkr "peg" or is a diminuitive of KlakkR. Runic examples include the genitive form klaka and the accusative form klaka. |
NR s.n. Klakki, Klakkr |
| KlakkR |
Found in OW.Norse as Klakkr, and in Old Danish and Old Swedish s the by-name Klak. From OW.Norse klakkr "peg." Runic examples include the nominative forms klakR and the accusative form klakR. |
NR s.n. Klakkr |
| Klaufi |
"Clumsy." |
GB p. 12 s.n. Klaufi |
| Klefi |
Of uncertain etymology. Occurs in the runic accusative case form [klefa]. |
NR s.n. Klefi |
| Klemetr, Klemens, Klement |
This name is found in Old Danish as Klement, in Old Swedish as Klemet, and in OW.Norse as Klemetr. This is a Christian name, from Latin Clemens. Found in a single runic inscription in the accusative case form klemint. |
GB p. 12 s.nn. Klemens, Klement; NR s.n. Kleme(n)t |
| Kleppjárn |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Kleppjárn |
| KleppiR, KlippiR |
Derived from the OW.Norse noun kleppr "lump" (from *klimp-). Occurs in the runic nominative form klibiR. |
NR s.nn. KleppiR or KlippiR |
| Kleppr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Kleppr |
| Klintr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Klint. From Old Swedish klinter, "cliff, hillock." Runic examples include the nominative form [klintr] and the accusative form klint. |
NR s.n. Klintr |
| Klœngr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Klœngr |
| Klyppr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Klyppr |
| KnaggR |
Found in Old Swedish as Knag (also found as a by-name), and in Old Danish as the by-name Knag. Related to the Swedish knag, knagg "projecting piece of wood, knot on a tree." Occurs in the runic nominative form [knakr], which may instead represent the name KnakkR. |
NR s.n. KnaggR, KnakkR |
| KnakkR |
From the OW.Norse noun knakkr "stool, small chair." Occurs in the runic nominative form [knakr], which may instead represent the name KnaggR. |
NR s.n. KnakkR |
| KnæikiR |
Derived from the OW.Norse verb kneikja "press, squeeze." Occurs in the runic genitive case form knikis. |
NR s.nn. KnæikiR, GnæggiR |
| Knjúkr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Knjúkr |
| Knorr |
trading ship |
GB p. 12 s.n. Knorr |
| Knottr |
|
GB p. 12 s.n. Knottr |
| Knútr |
This name is found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Knut and in OW.Norse as Knútr. From the OW.Norse noun knútr "knot." Runic examples include the nominative forms knutr, kunt, the genitive forms knus, knuts, the dative forms knuti, kuti, and the accusative form knut. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Knutr; NR s.n. Knútr |
| Kobbi |
By-name, either meaning "seal" or later as a diminuitive form of Jakob. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kobbi; CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Koðrán |
Celtic |
GB p. 12 s.n. Koðrán |
| Kofri |
Occurs both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Swedish as Kofre and in OW.Norse as Kofri. From the OW.Norse noun kofri "hood, hat." Occurs in the runic nominative case form [kufri]. |
NR s.n. Kufri |
| KøgiR |
Perhaps a side-form from the Old Swedish masculine name Kóghe (of uncertain etymology). occurs in the runic genitive case form kukis. |
NR s.n. KøgiR |
| Kolbakr |
The first element Kol- is identical with Old Icelandic kol, "coals, black as coal". |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kolbakr; FJ p. 345 s.n. Kol-; CV pp. 347 s.v. kol; NR s.n. Kul- |
| Kolbeinn |
Found in Old Danish as Kulben (also found as a by-name), in Old Swedish as Kolben (also found as a by-name), and in OW.Norse as Kolbeinn. For the first element Kol- see above. For the second element -beinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative form kulben, the genitive form klbins and the accusative form kulbain. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kolbeinn; FJ pp. 345, 348 s.nn. Kol-, -beinn; CV pp. 347 s.v. kol; NR s.nn. Kulbæinn, Kul-, -bæinn |
| Kolbjǫrn |
For the first element Kol- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kolbjǫrn; FJ pp. 345, 348 s.nn. Kol-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 347 s.v. björn, kol; NR s.nn. Kul-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Kolbrandr |
For the first element Kol- see above. For the second element -brandr see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kolbrandr; FJ pp. 345, 348 s.nn. Kol-, -brandr; CV pp. 76, 347 s.v. brandr, kol; NR s.n. Kul- |
| Kolfiðr |
For the first element Kol- see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kolfiðr; FJ p. 345 s.n. Kol-; CV pp. 347 s.v. kol; NR s.n. Kul- |
| Kolfinnr |
Found in OW.Norse s Kolfinnr. For the first element Kol- see above. For the second element -finnr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form kul:finR, which may instead represent Gull-Finnr, the name Finnr combined with a prepended by-name. |
FJ pp. 348 s.n. -finnr; NR s.nn. Kulfinnr, Kul-, -finnr |
| Kolgrímr |
For the first element Kol- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kolgrímr; FJ pp. 345, 349 s.nn. ; CV pp. 216, 347 s.v. gríma, kol; NR s.nn. Kul-, -grímR |
| Kolli |
Found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish as either Kolle or Kulle (also found in both languages as a by-name). Occurs in OW.Norse as Kolli. This name perhaps derived from the masculine name Kullr or, rather, from the OW.Norse noun kolli, "hill." Occurs in the runic nominative form kuli. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kolli; NR s.nn. Kulli/Kolli, Gulli |
| Kolr |
Found in Old Danish as the personal name Kol and as the by-name Kul. Occurs in Old Swedish as Kol (alsofound as a by-name). Found in OW.Norse as Kolr. From the OW.Norse noun kol "coal, black." Runic examples include the nominative form kul and the accusative form kul. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kolr; FJ p. 345 s.n. Kol-; CV pp. 347 s.v. kol; NR s.n. KulR, Kul- |
| Kollr |
Found as both a personal name and as a byname in OW.Norse as Kollr and in Old Danish as the by-name Koll. From the OW.Norse noun kollr "rounded top; hairless head". Occurs in the runic accusative form kul. |
GB p. 12 s.n. Kollr; NR s.nn. Kullr, KulR |
| Kolskeggr |
For the first element Kol- see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Kolskeggr; FJ p. 345 s.n. Kol-; CV pp. 347 s.v. kol; NR s.n. Kul- |
| Kolsveinn |
For the first element Kol- see above. For the second element -sveinn see above. Occurs as a Scandinavian name in England in various forms, such as Colsvain. Occurs in the runic genitive form kuls(u)--ns. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Kolsveinn; FJ pp. 345, 351 s.nn. Kol-, -sveinn; CV pp. 347 s.v. kol; NR s.n. Kulsvæinn, Kul-, -svæinn |
| Konáll |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Konáll |
| Konráðr |
For the second element -ráðr see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Konraðr; FJ p. 345 s.nn. Kon-, Ráð- |
| Kórekr |
For the second element -rekr see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Kórekr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Kóri |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Kóri |
| Korlungr |
"Karl the Young; young yeoman." Found in Old Swedish as Karlung and in OW.Norse as Korlungr. Derived from the OW.Norse noun karl "free man, yeoman." Runic examples include the nominative forms [kalukR], karlunkr, the genitive form karuks and the accusative forms karluk, [karluk]. |
NR s.nn. KarlungR, Karl |
| Kormákr |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Kormákr |
| KorpR |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Korp and in OW.Norse as by-name Korpr. From the OW.Norse noun korpr "raven." May occur as a personal name in the runic nominative form kor-.... |
NR s.n. KorpR |
| Korpúlfr |
The first element is from the OW.Norse noun korpr "raven." For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Korpúlfr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; NR s.n. Korpr, -ulfR |
| Kotkell |
For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Kotkell; FJ p. 349 s.n. -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Krákr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Krákr; FJ p. 181 s.n. Krákr |
| Krínán |
Celtic name. Occurs in the runic genitive case form krinais. |
NR s.n. Krínán |
| Kristófórus |
Christian, from Christopher. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Kristófórus |
| Kristrøðr |
Christian |
GB p. 13 s.n. Kristrøðr |
| KrókR |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name, in in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Krok and in OW.Norse as Krókr. From the OW.Norse noun krókr "hook." Runic examples include the nominative forms krukr, [krukr], kurukr and the accusative forms krok, (k)(r)(u)(k), [kruk], [k--(k)], -uruk. |
NR s.n. KrókR |
| Krumr |
Found in OW.Norse as Krumr (also found as a by-name). Occurs in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Krum. From an adjective corresponding to Nynorsk krum "stiff and crooked in the fingers because of cold," Swedish krum "bent over, hunched." Occurs in the runic genitive case form karumbus. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Krumr; NR s.n. KrumR |
| Kúgaldi |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Kúgaldi |
| Krúsa, Krusa |
Found in Old Danish as Krusa (etymology uncertain). Occurs in the runic nominative case form krusa. |
NR s.n. Krúsa or Krusa |
| Kuggi |
"Cog; sailing-ship." |
GB p. 13 s.n. Kuggi |
| Kúsi |
Found in Old Danish as Kuse (also found as a by-name), in Old Swedish as the by-name Kuse, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Kúsi. From the Old Swedish noun kusi "person who inspires fear or dread" (from a root word meaning "big, thick"). The runic evidence for this name is unclear: it is found in the runic nominative form kusi, which may instead represent Gusi or Gussi. |
NR s.nn. Kúsi, Gusi, Gussi |
| Kúss |
Occurs in OW.Norse as the by-name Kúss. From a name corresponding to Nynorsk kus, "hump." Occurs in the runic nominative case form kus. |
NR s.n. Kúss |
| Kváran |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Kváran |
| Kvígbjǫrn |
The first element Kvíg- is from the OW.Norse noun kvígr "young bullock." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. Runic examples include the nominative form k[uihbia-...] and the accusative form [kuikbiarn]. |
CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Kvígbiǫrn, Kvíg-, -biǫrn |
| Kvígr |
Found in OW.Norse as Kvígr (also found as a by-name) and in Old Swedish as the by-name Kvigh. From the OW.Norse adjective kvígr "living, lively." Runic examples include the accusativeforms kuih, [k--(k)]. |
NR s.nn. KvígR, Kvíg- |
| KvígulfR |
For the first element Kvíg- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms kuihulfr, [kuihulfr]. |
NR s.n. KvígulfR, Kvíg-, -ulfR |
| KvikR |
From the OW.Norse adjective kvígr "living, lively." Runic examples include the nominative forms [kuikr], kuikR, k--kr, the genitive form kuiks and the accusative forms [kuik], [k--(k)]. |
NR s.n. KvikR |
| Kylfa |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Kylva. From the OW.Norse noun kylfa "club." Occurs in the runic nominative form kulua. |
NR s.n. Kylfa |
| KylfingR |
Derived from the OW.Norse noun kolfr "club; blunt arrow" and from OW.Norse kylfa "club." This name may also have been formed from the singular form of the national name in OW.Norse kylfingar, for which a sense of "northerner in service in Gårdarike (the Norse name for a eastern Rus settlement in the Viking Age and medieval period)" has been proposed - and which derivation is uncertain. Runic examples include the nominative forms ku[fi]nkR, kulfinkr, [kylfikR], kylfinkr. |
NR s.n. KylfingR |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Láfi |
A diminuitive form of Ólafr |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Lafsi |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Lafse. Derived from Old Swedish Labbe, OW.Norse Labbi. Compare with the Swedish dialect word lafs, lafsa "sock, scouring rag" or the dialect verb lafsa "go heavy and badly, dragging one's leg after one." Runic examples include the nominative case form lafsi and the accusative case form [iafsa], [lafsa]. |
NR s.n. Lafsi |
| Láki |
Short form of Þórlákr. |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Lambi |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Lambi |
| Lambkárr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Lambkárr |
| Laugi |
Diminuitive form of Gunnlaugr. |
CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 374 s.v. laug def. IV |
| Lefsi |
English name, contracted form of Old English Léofsige. Occurs in the runic nominative form lefsi. |
NR s.n. Lefsi |
| Lefwine |
English name, Old English Léofwine. Runic examples include the nominative case forms lefuine, lifuini. |
NR s.n. Lefwine |
| Leggr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Leggr |
| Leiðólfr |
For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Leiðólfr; FJ pp. 185, 345, 351 s.nn. Leiðulfr, Leið-, -ulfr |
| Leifi |
Found in OW.Norse as Leifi A short form of names in -leifR/-lafR, including Þórleifr. Runic examples include the genitive form [lifa] and the accusative form [lifa]. |
CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV p. 381 s.v. leif; NR s.nn. Læifi, -læifR/-lafR |
| Leifr |
See above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Leifr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -leifr; CV p. 381 s.v. leif |
| Leikfrøðr |
The first element Leik- is from OW.Norse leikr "play, weapon-play, battle." For the second element -(f)reðr/(f)røðr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form laikfruþ. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -frøðr; CV pp. 382-383 s.v. leika, leikr; NR s.nn. Læikfrøðr, Læik-, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Leiknarr |
Compare with OW.Norse Leiknir. Of uncertain etymology. the first element may be from the OW.Norse adjective leikinn "inclined to play" or may represent confusion between the first elements Líkn- and Leik-. For the second element -arr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form leiknar. |
CV pp. 382-383 s.v. leika, leikr; NR s.nn. Læiknarr, Læik-, Líkn-, -arr |
| Leiknir |
A short form of names in -leikr is Leikr. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Leiknir; FJ pp. 185-186 s.n. Leikr; CV pp. 382-383 s.v. leika, leikr; NR s.nn. -læikR/-lakR |
| Leikr |
Found in Old Swedish as Lek, found both as a name and as a by-name in OW.Norse as Leikr. May occur in Old Danish as the by-name Leg. From OW.Norse leikr "play, weapon-play, battle" or may represent a short form of masculine names in Leik-, -leikr, -lakR. Occurs in the runic accusative form le-. |
FJ pp. 185-186 s.n. Leikr; CV pp. 382-383 s.v. leika, leikr; NR s.nn. LæikR, Læik-, -læikR/-lakR |
| Leó |
Christian, Leo, "lion" |
GB p. 13 s.n. Leo |
| Létta |
This name may be either a masculine name or a feminine name. From the OW.Norse abstract verb létta "lighten, unburden, make lighter." Occurs in the runic genitive case form litu. |
NR s.n. Letta |
| Libbi |
Found in Old Swedish as Libbe Possibly a short form of German names such as Liutbrand. Occurs in the runic nominative case form libi. |
NR s.n. Libbi |
| Liðr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Liðr |
| Liðsmaðr |
Found in Old Swedish as Lisman and in OW.Norse as the by-name Liðzmaðr. From OW.Norse liðsmaðr "man who belongs to a chieftain's warband or permanent troop (lið)". Runic examples include the nominative case forms lis(m)[a]--..., liþsmoþr. |
NR s.n. Liðsmaðr |
| Liðsvaldr |
Compounded from OW.Norse lið "warband, troop" in the genitive case and valdr "ruler, chieftain". Occurs in the runic nominative case form li(s)u[al]. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Liðsvaldr, -valdr |
| Lífsteinn |
See Hlífsteinn. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Lífstæinn, Hlífstæinn, Hlíf-, -stæinn |
| Líkbjǫrn, Líknbjǫrn |
The first element Líkn- is from OW.Norse líkn "goodness, compassion, favor, help, solace." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms likbiarn, [likbiarn]. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Lík(n)biǫrn, Líkn-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Líknhvatr |
Found in Old Swedish in a Latinized form from Gotland, Liknatus. For the first element Líkn- see above. For the second element -hvatr or its weak side-form -hvati see above. Runic examples include the genitive case form likna(t)(a) and the accusative case form likna(t). |
CV p. 297 s.v. hvatr; NR s.nn. Líknhvatr, Líkn-, Hvatr, -hvatr |
| Líkmundr, Líknmundr |
For the first element Líkn- see above. For the second element -mundr or the weak side-form -mundi see above. Occurs in the runic genitive case form (l)ikmuntaR. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Lík(n)mundr, Líkn-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Líkreifr, Líknreifr |
For the first element Líkn- see above. The second element -reifr is from the OW.Norse adjective reifr "friendly, happy." Occurs in the runic nominative case form likraibr. |
CV p. 490 s.v. reifr; NR s.nn. Lík(n)ræifR, Líkn-, RæifR, -ræifR |
| Líkviðr, Líknviðr |
Found in Old Swedish as Likvidh. For the first element Líkn- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms likuiþr, [likuiþr]. |
FJ p. 352 s.n. -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Lík(n)viðr, Líkn-, Við-, -viðr |
| Lini |
May occur in the Old Danish by-name Lene (etymology uncertain). From the OW.Norse adjective linr "soft, meek, gentle." Runic examples include the nominative case form lini and the genitive case forms lina, [l(in)na]. |
NR s.n. Lini |
| LingormR |
From OW.Norse lyngormr "dragon that creeps through the heather." Occurs in the runic accusative case form linkorm. |
FJ p. 350 s.v. -ormr; CV pp. 468-469 s.v. ormr; NR s.n. LingormR, -ormR |
| Litli |
Found in Old Danish as Litle (also found as a by-name), in Old Swedish as Litle (also found as a by-name in the forms Litle, Lille, Lizle), found in OW.Norse as the by-name Lítli. From the OW.Norse adjective lítill "little, small." Nominative litla, litli. |
NR s.n. Litli |
| Ljótr |
From the OW.Norse adjective ljótr "foul, ugly, misshapen." It has been proposed that this name may have the same origin as the first element Ljót- (see below), which is possible but scarcely probable. Occurs in the runic nominative case form liutr. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Ljótr; NR s.nn. Liútr, LiútulfR |
| Ljótólfr |
Found in Old Danish as Liutulf and in OW.Norse as Ljótólfr. The first element Liút- derives from Germanic *leuhta- "light, shining." For the second element -ólfr or -ulfr see above. Occurs in the runic genitive case form liu(t)ulbs|. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Ljótólfr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. LiútulfR, -ulfR |
| LjúfR |
May occur in Old Danish as the name Lief or the by-name Læff. From the OW.Norse adjective ljúfr "delightful, dear, beloved, pleasant." Occurs in the runic nominative case form liufr. |
NR s.n. LiúfR |
| Ljufvini |
The first element Ljuf- is from the OW.Norse adjective ljúfr "delightful, dear, beloved, pleasant." For the second element -vini or -vinr see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Ljufvini; FJ p. 351 s.n. -un(n); NR s.n. LiúfR |
| Loðhottr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Loðhottr |
| Loðinn |
Found both as a name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Lothen and in Old Swedish as Ludhin. occurs in OW.Norse as Loðinn. From the OW.Norse adjective loðinn "hairy." Runic examples include the nominative forms loþin, luþin and the accusative forms luþin, ...uþin, [...u](þ)in. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Loðinn; NR s.n. Luðinn |
| Loðmundr |
For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 13 s.n. ; FJ pp. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. -mundr, Mundi |
| Lófi |
May be found in Old Danish as the by-name Lowe (etymology uncertain). From OW.Norse lófi "palm of the hand, hollow of the hand." Runic examples include the nominative case form lufi and the genitive case form lufa. |
NR s.n. Lófi |
| LofríkR |
The Old English name Léofríc. Occurs in the runic nominative case form lofrikr. |
NR s.n. LofríkR |
| Lokki |
Found in Old Danish as Lokki and in Old Swedish as the by-name Lokke. Derived from OW.Norse lokkr "curl, lock of hair." Runic examples include the nominative forms lki, [luki]. |
NR s.n. Lokki |
| LokkR |
Occurs in Old Danish as both the name and the by-name Lok. Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Lokk. Foun in OW.Norse as the by-name Lokkr. Derived from OW.Norse lokkr "curl, lock of hair." Occurs in the runic nominative case form lok. |
NR s.n. LokkR |
| Loptr |
This name is found as one of the by-names of the god Loki, but also occurs in Landnámabók ch. 9 for Loptr inn gamli ("the old"). |
GB p. 13 s.n. Loptr |
| Lundvarr |
The first element Lund- is related to Old Icelandic lundr, "sacred grove". The second element -varr is derived either from the adjective varr, "aware", or from the noun *warjaR, "protector", related to the Old Norse verb verja, "defend". |
FJ pp. 191, 345, 351-352 s.nn. *Lundvarr, Lund-, -varr |
| Lýðbjǫrn |
The first element is derived from Ljóð-, which is from OW.Norse ljóðr, lýðr "people, folk." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the accusative forms lyþbiurn, lyþbyurn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Lýðbiǫrn, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Lýtingr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Lýtingr |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Maddaðr |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Maddaðr |
| Magni |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Magni |
| Magnús |
Christian, from Latin magnus, "great, mighty." A diminuitive form of Magnús is Mangi. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Magnús; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Makan |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Makan |
| Mákr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Mákr |
| Mallymkun |
The Celtic name Mallymkun may be found as either a masculine name or feminine name. The first element Mal- is the Celtic word for "servant," often found in religious names of the formula Mal- + saint's name. The second element is perhaps the genitive case of a Celtic name, Lomchu. Occurs in the runic nominative case form mal:lymkun. |
N.R. s.n. Mallymkun |
| Malmury |
The Celtic name Malmury may be found as either a masculine name or feminine name. For the first element Mal- see above. The second element is the Celtic genitive-case form of Maria. Occurs in the runic accusative case form mal:mury. |
N.R. s.n. Malmury |
| Mangi |
Diminuitive form of Magnús. |
CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Máni |
(Masculine name, also see Manni). This name is found in OW.Norse as Máni (also found as a by-name), possibly in Old Danish as the by-name Mane, and in Old Swedish as the by-name Mane. From OW.Norse máni "moon." The runic examples could represent either Máni or Manni, and include the nominative forms mani, (m)an(in), m(a)(n)(in), [mani], moni and the accusative forms mana (4 instances), [mana]. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Máni; N.R. s.nn. Máni, Manni |
| Manni |
(Masculine name, also see Máni). Found in Old Danish as Manni and in Old Swedish as Manne. Derived from OW.Norse maðr "man." The runic examples could represent either Máni or Manni, and include the nominative forms mani, (m)an(in), m(a)(n)(in), [mani], moni and the accusative forms mana (4 instances), [mana]. |
N.R. s.nn. Máni, Manni |
| Már |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Már |
| Margaðr |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Margaðr |
| Markús |
Christian, Marcus or Mark |
GB p. 13 s.n. Markús |
| Marteinn |
Found in Old Danish as Marten or Morten. Found in Old Swedish as Martin, Merten or Morten. Occurs in OW.Norse as Marteinn. Christian name, from Latin Martinus. Occurs in the runic accusative case form [ma]R(t)in. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Marteinn; N.R. s.n. Martin |
| Matheus |
Christian, Matteus, Matthew |
GB p. 13 s.n. s.n. Matheus |
| Meginbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Mæghinbiǫrn. The first element Magn- or Mægin- is from OW.Norse magn "might, main, strength, power" or OW.Norse megin "might, main, strength, power" (from Germanic *mazina). For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form meginbiarn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; N.R. s.nn. Mæginbiǫrn, Magn-/Mægin-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Meinolf |
Continental Germanic name, compare with Old High German Maginulf, perhaps imported via England. Occurs in the runic nominative case form meinolf. |
N.R. s.n. Meinolf |
| Melbrigða, Melbrigði |
Celtic name. Occurs in the runic nominative case forms malbriþa, mail:brikti. |
N.R. s.n. Melbrigða/Melbrigði |
| Meldún |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Meldún |
| Melkólfr |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Melkólfr |
| Melkólmr |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Melkólmr |
| Melmari |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Melmari |
| Melpatrikr |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Melpatrikr |
| Melsnati |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Melsnati |
| Mikael, Mikjáll |
From the Christian name Michael. Runic examples include the nominative forms migael, mihel, mikal, mikel, mikial. |
GB p. 13 s.nn. Mikael, Mikjáll; NR s.n. Mikael |
| Miki |
Miki is a masculine name of uncertain etymology. It occurs in the runic nominative case form [m]iki. |
N.R. s.n. Miki |
| MistiviR |
Scandinavian form of the Slavic name Mmsti- ("to avenge") + voj ("warrior"). Occurs in the runic genitive case form mistiuis. |
N.R. s.n. MistiviR |
| Móðólfr |
The first element, Móð-, is related to Old Icelandic móðr, "excitement, wrath." For the second element -ólfr see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Móðólfr; FJ pp. 345, 351 s.nn. Móð-, -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Mogr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Mogr |
| Moldi |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Moldi |
| Morði |
Morði is a masculine name of uncertain etymology. Occurs in the runic accusative case form morþa. |
N.R. s.n. Morði |
| Morðr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Morðr |
| Múli |
Occurs in Old Danish as Muli (also found as a by-name), in Old Swedish as the by-name Mule, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Múli. From OW.Norse múli "muzzle, mouth." Runic examples include the nominative case forms muli, [m]ul[in], the genitive case form mu-a and the accusative case forms mula, mu-(a). |
N.R. s.n. Múli |
| Munán |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Munán |
| Mundgeirr |
The first name element Mun- or Mund- occur in names with the Continental Germanic name elements Muni- (OW.Norse munr "mind; will") and Munda- (OW.Norse mund "hand; protection"). Both are uncommon in Scandinavia; Mund- appears in OW.Norse Mundgerðr (-gerða), Old Danish Munder and in the runic genitive case form mundualaz in the medieval inscription G173. Mun- appears only in the name Munólfr. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms munkair, [munkaiR], [munkir]. |
FJ pp. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. Mun(d)gæiRR, Mun-, Mund-, -gæiRR |
| Mundi |
Mundi is a short form of names ending in -mundr. Found in Old Swedish in the Latinized form Mundo. A short form of names in -mundr. Runic examples include the nominative case form munti and the accusative case form munta. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Mundi, -mundi, -mundr |
| Munólfr |
Found in Old Swedish as Monulf, and occurs as a Scandinavian name in England in the Latin forms Munulfus, Monulfus. For the first name element Mun- or Mund- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -ulfr see above. Occurs in the runic genitive case form m(u)[n]ulfs. |
N.R. s.n. MunulfR, Mun-, -ulfR |
| Myndill |
Found in OW.Norse as Myndill, the name of a fictional character for which the etymology is uncertain. Possibly a diminuitive form with the -l- suffix added to a name in -mundr. The runic evidence shows this name in use for actual living people as well, for example "U190 Fastbjǫrn had the stone erected in memory of Myndill, his father." Runic examples include the nominative case form myntil and the accusative case form mintil. |
N.R. s.n. Myndill |
| Mýr |
Compare with the OW.Norse masculine by-name Maurr. From Old Swedish myr "ant." occurs in the runic accusative case form miur in an inscription reading: "Ög132 Holmsteinn raised this stone and made the bridge in memory of Mýr, his father, who lived in Jatunstaðir." |
N.R. s.n. Mýr |
| Mýrkjartan |
Celtic, Murchadh. This name is found in Landnámabók ch. 39 and in Laxdœla saga ch. 13 for Mýrkjartan Írakonungr (Murchadh, king of the Irish). |
GB p. 13 s.n. Mýrkjartan |
| Myskia |
Myskia may be either a masculine name or a feminine name. From Old Swedish *myskia "bat." Runic examples include the nominative case forms muskia, mus:kiamusku. |
N.R. s.n. Myskia |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Naddoddr |
For the second element -oddr see above. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Naddoddr; FJ pp. 350 s.n. -oddr; NR s.nn. Udd-, Uddi |
| Naddr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Naddr |
| Næmr |
From the OW.Norse adjective næmr "quick at learning", "one who is very composed and confident". Occurs in the runic nominative case form nemR. |
NR s.n. NæmR |
| NænniR |
Found in Old Swedish as Nænnir. Derived from the OW.Norse verb nenna "to have an inclination towards; to dare." Runic examples include the nominative case forms neniR, niniR. |
NR s.n. NænniR |
| NærfiR |
Of uncertain etymology. Occurs in the runic genitive case form nairbis. |
NR s.n. NærfiR |
| Næstr |
From the Runic Swedish adjective næstr "next, near." Occurs in the runic nominative case form neistr. |
NR s.n. Næstr |
| Nafni |
Found in Old Danish as Nafni and as a by-name, Nafne. Occurs in Old Swedish as Nafne. From OW.Norse nafni "name" or OW.Norse nafn "name." Occurs in the runic nominative case form nafni. |
NR s.n. Nafni |
| Nagli |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Nagli |
| Nannr |
Thought to occur in OW.Norse as *Nannr. A strong side-form of Old Danish Nanni, Old Swedish Nanne, and perhaps OW.Norse Nanni. Runic examples include the accusative case forms nan, ...nan. |
NR s.n. Nannr |
| Narfi |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Narfi |
| Nasi |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Nase. Derived from OW.Norse nos "nostril", plural nasar "nose". Runic examples include the nominative case forms nasi (3 instances), nas(in), [nasi]. |
NR s.n. Nasi |
| Náttfari |
Found in OW.Norse as Náttfari. Compounded from OW.Norse nátt, nótt "night" and -fari "someone who goes out at night," perhaps with supernatural associations. Occurs in the runic nominative case form natfari. |
NR s.n. Náttfari |
| Nefbjǫrn, Nef-Bjǫrn |
The first element Nef- is from OW.Norse nef "nostril, nose" compounded either with the second element -bj#491;rn (see above) or else this name may represent the masculine name Bjorn prefixed with a by-name from OW.Norse nef "nostril, nose" (see also Nesbjǫrn). Occurs in the runic accusative case form nikbiurn. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Næfbiǫrn/Næf-Biorn, Næsbiǫrn, Næf-, Næs-, -biǫrn |
| Nefgeirr |
For the first element Nef- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form nefkiR and the accusative case forms nefkair, [nefkair], [nefkeþ]. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. NæfgæiRR, Næf-, -gæiRR |
| Nefi (1) |
May be found in Old Swedish as Næve. Occurs in OW.Norse as Nefi (mythological, perhaps also found as a by-name). May also occur in Old Danish as by-name Næwe. From OW.Norse nefi "nephew". Occurs in the runic accusative case form nfa (see also Hnefi). |
NR s.n. Nefi, Hnæfi |
| Nefi (2) |
Derived from OW.Norse nef "nostril, nose". Occurs in the runic accusative case form nafa (see also Hnefi). |
NR s.nn. Næfi, Hnæfi |
| Nefjólfr |
For the first element Nef- see above. For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Nefjólfr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr>; NR s.nn. Næf-, -ulfR |
| NefR |
Found in OW.Norse as the mythological name Nefr. Derived from OW.Norse nef "nostril, nose". Runic examples include the nominative case forms nifR, [niks] and the accusative case form [nif]. |
NR s.n. NæfR |
| Nefsteinn |
For the first element Nef- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Nefsteinn; FJ p. 351 s.n. -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Næf-, -stæinn |
| Nereiðr, Neriðr |
Found in OW.Norse as Neriðr. The first element Nær- is possibly from *NaRja-, derived from the OH.German verb nerian "afraid, cautious," a side-form of the Gothic nasjan. Second element is eiðr "oath, vow" or heiðr "brilliance, beauty" (in this case probably *haiðuR). Occurs in the runic genitive case form (n)iriþs|. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Nereiðr; NR s.n. Næriðr |
| Nesbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish in the Latinized form Næsbernus. The first element is from OW.Norse nes "ness, spit of land, isthmus, promontory." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. This name is thought to originate as Nes-Bjorn, the masculine name Bjorn prefixed with a by-name from OW.Norse nes "ness, spit of land, isthmus, promontory" (see also Nefbjǫrn). Runic examples include the nominative case forms [nesbiarn], nesbi[a]rn, nesbiorn, nesbiurn (3 instances), nesbi(u)rn and the accusative case forms nikbiurn, nisbiarn. |
CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.n. Næsbiǫrn, Næs-, -biǫrn |
| NeskonungR |
Found in Old Swedish as Næskonung (also found as a by-name), and in OW.Norse as Neskonungr. From OW.Norse neskonungr "ness-king, sea-king, small-king; one who has no more than a ness (spit of land, promontory) over which to rule." Occurs in the runic nominative case form niskunukR. |
NR s.n. NæskunungR, Næs- |
| Nikolás, Nikulás |
Found in Old Danish as Nicolaus, in Old Swedish as Niklas, Niklis, Nikels etc., and in OW.Norse as Nikolás. Christian name; from Latin Nicolaus (of Greek origin). Runic examples include the nominative case forms [nigulas], nikulas. |
GB p. 13 s.nn. Nikolás, Nikulás; NR s.n. Nikulas |
| Niúsi |
Of uncertain etymology. Occurs in the runic nominative case form [niusi]. |
NR s.n. Niúsi |
| Njáll |
Celtic |
GB p. 13 s.n. Njáll |
| Nokkvi |
In Hyndluljóð 21, Nokkvi is the name of the father of the goddess Nanna, who was the wife of Baldr. The word nokkvi also appears as a common noun, meaning "a small ship that is sculled by means of oars," and Viktor Rydberg, in his Teutonic Mythology, sees the name as a variant of Nokkver and assigns it a meaning of "ship's captain." |
GB p. 13 s.n. Nokkvi; CV p. 461 s.v. nokkvi |
| Nollarr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Nollarr |
| Norðmaðr |
Found in Old Danish as Normand and as the by-name Norman. Occurs in OW.Norse as Norðmaðr and in Old Swedish as the by-name Nordman. From OW.Norse norðmaðr "man from the north, from a northerly land." Occurs in the runic nominative case form norman. |
NR s.n. Norðmaðr |
| Nukki, Nokki |
Found in Old Swedish as Nokke (also found as a by-name). May be related to Old Swedish nokkadrumbær "lonely person who does not pay taxes and does not want to take service", nokkakona "lonely woman who does not pay taxes and does not want to take service". Occurs in the runic accusative case form nuka. |
NR s.n. Nukki/Nokki |
| NykR |
From OW.Norse nykr "nicor, nixie, water goblin." This name is also connected to Nukki and Nokki. Occurs in the runic nominative case form nukR. |
NR s.n. NykR, Nukki/Nokki |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Obbi |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Obbi |
| Óblauðr |
The first element in this name is the negative prefix Ó- (found also as Ú-), prefixed before nouns and verbs. This is cognate to the negative prefix un- in English. The oldest Old Norse form of this negative prefix is Ú-, but early in Iceland this changed to Ó-. In the Codex Regius the two forms are used interchangably, the Ú- form appears in 14th century vellums, and the Icelandic form changes once again to Ó- in the 15th century and remained the preferred form to the modern day. In the rest of Scandinavia, the Ú- has been retained in Denmark and the east of Norway, but Ó- in the west and north of Norway. In early Swedish the two forms were interchangable, and modern Swedish uses Ó-. Accordingly, depending on the date and location, names with this negative prefix may appear with either Ó- or Ú-. The adjective blauðr is "soft, weak" and is the antonym of hvatr, "brisk, vigorous." Blauðr also can mean "feminine" when speaking of animals, or as a term of abuse it has the sense of "bitch; coward." Combined with the negative prefix, Óblauðr then is "not-soft; virile, masculine." Occurs in the runic nominative case form [ub]lubR. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Óblauðr; CV pp. 67, 469 s.v. blauðr, ó-; NR s.n. Óblauðr |
| Óðalfreðr, Óðalfríðr |
This name is known from runic evidence, which is not perfectly clear on whether the name is masculine or feminine. The first element is perhaps Óðal- (from the OW.Norse noun óðal "property, inherited land"), which, as a name-element, is otherwise not known as a native Scandinavian term (compare with Continental Germanic Óthal-, or the related Athal-). Whether the second element should be interpreted as the name element -freðr/-frøðr or the feminine name element -fríðr cannot be determined. Occurs in the runic nominative case form (u)talfriþR. |
NR s.n. Óðalfreðr or -fríðr, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr, -fríðr |
| Oddbjǫrn |
The first element Odd- is identical with Old Icelandic oddr, "point, weapon-point, spear-point, arrow-point." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Oddbjǫrn; FJ pp. 345, 348 s.nn. Odd-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 462 s.v. björn, oddr; NR s.nn. -biǫrn, Biarni, Uddi |
| Oddgeirr |
Found in Old Danish as Oddger, in Old Swedish as Uddger, and in OW.Norse as Oddgeirr. For the first element Odd see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the accusative case forms [o](t)k[a]iR, ...tkaiR. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Oddgeirr; FJ pp. 203, 345, 349 s.nn. Odd-, -geirr; CV pp196, 462 s.v. geirr, oddr; NR s.nn. UddgæiRR, Udd-, -gæiRR, Uddi |
| Oddi |
Found in Old Danish as Oddi or Uddi, in Old Swedish as Odde or Udde (also found as a by-name), occurs in OW.Norse as Oddi. Short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr. Appears in the name of the famous 12th century Icelander Oddi or Stjornu-Oddi (Star-Oddi, Oddi the Astronomer). Runic examples include the nominative case form uti and the accusative case forms huta, uta. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Oddi; FJ p. 202 s.nn. Oddr, Oddi; CV pp. 462 s.v. oddi, oddr; NR s.nn. Uddi, Udd- |
| Oddkell |
For the first element Odd see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Oddkell; FJ pp. 203, 345, 349 s.n. Oddketill, Odd-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338, 462 s.v. ketill, oddr; NR s.nn. Udd-, -kæ(ti)ll, Uddi |
| Oddleifr |
For the first element Odd see above. For the second element -leifr see above. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Oddleifr; FJ pp. 345, 350 s.n. Odd-, -leifr; CV pp. 381, 462 s.v. leif, oddr; NR s.nn. Udd, -læifR/-lafR, Uddi |
| Oddmárr |
For the first element Odd see above. For the second element -márr see above. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Oddmarr; FJ pp. 345, 350; CV pp. 418, 443, 462 s.v. -már, mærr, oddr; NR s.nn. Udd, -marr, Uddi |
| Oddr |
Found in Old Danish as Odd (also found as a by-name), in Old Swedish as Od or Ud (Ud is also found as a by-name), and occurs in OW.Norse as Oddr. From OW.Norse oddr "lance- or spear- point, spear." Runic examples include the nominative case forms u=d=R, utr (5 instances), [utr], the genitive case form ut... and the accusative case form ut. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
NR s.n. Uddr, Uddi |
| OddulfR |
Found in Old Swedish as Oddolf or Uddolf. For the first element Odd see above. For the second element -ólfr or -úlfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms utlfR, utufR, the dative case form utlfi and the accusative case form utulf. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV p. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. UddulfR, Udd-, -ulfR, Uddi |
| Oddvarr |
For the first element Odd see above. For the second element -varr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form ...tuar. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
FJ pp. 351-352 s.n. -varr; NR s.n. Uddvarr, Udd-, -varr, Uddi |
| Óðinkárr |
Found in Old Danish as Othinkar, Unker, in Old Swedish as Odhenkarl, and in OW.Norse as Óðinkárr. From the compound of the Germanic adjective *wóðana- "furious" and -kárr. Runic examples include the nominative case form uþinkau(r), the genitive case form uþinkaurs, and the accusative case form uþinkaur. |
NR s.n. Óðinkárr (-korr), -kárr |
| Œpir |
Compare with Old Danish Øpi. This name is derived from OW.Norse œpa "shout." Runic examples include the nominative case forms u(b)in, ubiR (6 instances), ub(in)(R), [ubiR] (3 instances), [ub(in)(R)], uubiR, ybir (11 instances), ybiR (10 instances), ybi(R), [ybiR] (5 instances), the genitive case form ybis and the accusative case forms ubi, ybi (3 instances), ybir, ybiR. |
NR s.n. ØpiR |
| Ofæti |
From OW.Norse ofát, ofáta "fat, overeater, glutton", a form identical to Gothic afétja "glutton." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form [ufata] in Ög119: "Sigdan erected this stone in memory of Ofæti, his father, a good husbandman." |
NR s.n. Ofæti |
| Ófeigr |
Found in Old Swedish as Ofegh (also found as a by-name), Ovagh. Occurs in OW.Norse as Ófeigr. From the OW.Norse adjective úfeigr "not fey, not doomed, one who will live a long life." Runic examples include the nominative case forms ofahr, ofaigr, ofaikr, ofaikR, ufagR, [ufaih], [ufaihr], ufaikr, [ufaikR], (u)faka, ufakR, ufakRs, ufhikr, ufihr, [ufik] (may be a by-name in this inscription), (u)fik(R), unfaikr, [yfaigr], the genitive case form ...faks| and the accusative case forms ofahi, ofaih, ofaik, ufaak, ufag, ufah, (u)(f)(a)ik, ufak (3 instances), ufih, yfaik. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Ófeigr; CV p. 469 s.v. ó-; NR s.n. ÓfæigR |
| ÓfláR |
From the OW.Norse adjective flár "false, dishonest, treacherous" combined with the negative prefix. Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form ufla in the inscription DR123: "§A Tóki placed this stone in memory of ÓfláR, his father, a very good §B thegn." |
CV p. 469 s.v. ó-; NR s.n. ÓfláR |
| Ofláti |
Found in OW.Norse as the by-name Ofláti. From OW.Norse ofláti "vain, conceited person, one with grand manners." Occurs in the runic nominative case form uflati in the inscription So211: "Steinulfr and Haki and Þryðríkr and Eybjǫrn and Ofláti, they raised this stone in memory of Ulfr, their father." |
NR s.n. Ofláti |
| Ofráðr |
Found in Old Danish as Ofrath and in Old Swedish as Ofradh. From OW.Norse ofráð "too great a task, too high an aspiration." Runic examples include the nominative case forms ufraþ, [ufraþr]. |
NR s.n. Ofráðr |
| Ófriðr |
May occur in Old Danish as Ufred, found in OW.Norse as the by-name Ófriðr. From OW.Norse úfriðr, "hostility, battle, war." Appears as personal names in the nominative case form ufrir and the accusative case form ufriþ in U1118, "Ófriðr and Gísl had the stone cut in memory of Svartr, their brother," and in M15, "Bjorn erected this stone in memory of Ófriðr and in memory of Unn, his sons." |
CV p. 469 s.v. ó-; NR s.n. Ófriðr |
| Ogmundr, Agmundr |
Formed from *Aga-, represented in Old West Scandinavian as agi, "awe, terror" or possibly a German origin as *ag-, "point, weapon point." The second element -mundr comes either from Old West Scandinavian *-munduR, "protector" or possibly from Old Icelandic mundr meaning "gift." Found in Old Swedish as Aghmund and in OW.Norse as Ogmundr. In Norwegian found as Amundr and Ogmundr. Runic examples include the nominative forms agmunr, agmuntr, ahmuntr, ahmutr, aukmuntr and the accusative forms agmunt, akmunt, [akmunt], [in]hmuntr, ukmut. Anglo-Scandinavian variants include Agemund (c. 1086-1226), Aghemund (1142-1153), Agmund (c. 1150), Hamund (c. 1150-1160), Haghemund (c. 1155), Aghemund (c. 1160), Augmund (c. 1180-1190), Aggemund (1202). A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 2-3, 342, 350 s.nn. Agmundr, Ag-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.n. Agmundr/Ogmundr, Ag-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Ogurr |
|
GB p. 17 s.n. Ogurr |
| Ogvaldr |
For the second element -valdr see above. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Ogvaldr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Ondóttr |
Found in OW.Norse as Ondóttr. From the OW.Norse adjective ondóttr "frightful, terrible." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form onlo(t)r in N 163: "Arngeirr's sons raised this rock-slab in memory of Þjódhulfr, (their) brother. Guðmundr carved these runes, he and Ondóttr ..." |
NR s.n. Ondóttr |
| Óneisi |
Compare with Old Swedish Onas, OW.Norse Únás, and the Old Danish by-name Unøss. From the OW.Norse adjective úneiss "respected, esteemed, noble." Found as a personal name in the runic nominative case form -(o)nasi in the inscription So189 "§A Óneisi raised the stone in memory of Óleifr the Crooked, his father. (He) lived(?) §B was non-villainous ... was ... ...". |
NR s.n. Ó(h)næisi |
| Óláfr, Óleifr |
Derived from the older form Áleifr. Variants in -lafR derive from a Primitive Scandinavian shortening of /ai/ > /a/. The Óláfr form of this name is more common in West Scandinavia than the Áleifr forms. Danish place-name evidence suggests that the forms Alef and Alaf were also current in Denmark, but the usual forms in East Scandinavia were Olaf and Olef. For runic forms, see Áleifr above. A diminuitive form of Ólafr is Láfi. A short form of Ólafr is Óli |
GB p. 13 s.nn. Óláfr, Óleifr; FJ pp. 6, 204, 342, 350 s.nn. Óláfr, Óleifr, Áleifr, -leifr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV p. 381 s.v. leif; NR s.nn. ÁlæifR, Á-, -læifR, ÓlafR, ÓlæifR |
| Olfun, Alfvin |
For the first element Alf- see above. The second element is from -vinr, which is identical to Old Icelandic vinr, "friend", in turn derived from *-winiz, "friend". Found in Old Danish as Alfwin and in Old Swedish Alwin. Found in the runic accusative forms alfuin and aulfun. |
FJ p. 342, 351 s.nn. Alf-, -un(n); NR s.nn. Alfvin/Olfun, Alf- |
| Óli |
Found in Old Danish as Oli, as Old Swedish Ole (etymology uncertain), and found in OW.Norse as Áli, Óli. This name is a short form of ÓlafR. Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form oln in the inscription OgSKL1;174 "... had the monument made in memory of Óli, his/her good husbandman." |
GB p. 13 s.n. Óli; NR s.n. Óli |
| Óleifr |
Found in OW.Norse as Óleifr. Side-form of ÓlafR. Runic examples include the nominative case forms ola[ifr], [olaifR], olifr, [olifR], [ouaifr], oulaibr, ulaifr, [ulaifr] (3 instances), ulayifr, [ulef], ulef[R], [ulifr], [ulifR], [-laifr] and the accusative case forms olaif, (o)laif, ol(a)if, olif, [olif], o(l)..., ulaif (3 instances), [ulai](f), [ulaif], ulef, ulif, yla[if]. |
NR s.n. ÓlæifR |
| Olmóðr |
For the second element -móðr see above. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Olmóðr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -móðr; CV pp. 763 s.v. ol; NR s.n. -móðr |
| Olvaldr |
For the second element -valdr see above. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Olvaldr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -valdr; CV pp. 675, 763 s.v. valdi, valdr, ol; NR s.n. -valdr |
| OlvéR, Olvir, AlvéR |
The first element Al- is derived either from *Alu- or *Ala- (see Al- above). For the second element -vér or -vir see above. This name is found in Old Danish as Ølvir, in Old Swedish as Alver or Ølver, and in OW.Norse as Ølvir. Runic examples include the nominative forms aluiR, [au]liR, oliR, uliR and the accusative forms alui, a(l)(u)in, (a)(l)ui. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Olvir; FJ pp. 342, 352 s.nn. Á-, -vér; NR s.nn. AlvéR/OlvéR, Al-, -véR |
| Ómundi |
For the first element Ó- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form oumuta in DR155: "§A Ása placed this stone in memory of Ómundi, her husband; he was §B Finnulfr's retainer." A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Ómundi, Ó-, -mundr, Mundi |
| ÓmunR |
May occur in the Old Danish by-name Umen. From the Runic Swedish adjective ómunR "not stingy, generous." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form umun in DR316: "Tófi raised this stone in memory of ÓmunR, his partner." |
CV p. 469 s.v. ó-; NR s.n. ÓmunR |
| ÓnæmR |
From the OW.Norse adjective næmr "talented, gifted, quick to learn," combined with the negative prefix. Runic examples include the nominative case forms une..., uni(m)r, the genitive case form onems, and the accusative case forms unif, unim. |
CV p. 469 s.v. ó-; NR s.n. ÓnæmR |
| Ónarr |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Ónarr |
| Ondóttr |
Probably originally a by-name from the Old Icelandic adjective ondóttr, "looking full in the face, fiery". Found as a personal name in Landnámabók. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Ondóttr; CV pp. 764 s.v. ondóttr |
| Onduðr |
|
GB p. 17 s.n. Onduðr |
| Ondurr |
|
GB p. 17 s.n. Ondurr |
| Ongli |
Weak side-form of the OW.Norse name Ongull. From OW.Norse ongull "fish-hook." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form ygila in OgFV1943;317A: "Gufi laid the stone in memory of Ongli, his son. May God help his soul." |
NR s.n. Ongli, Ængli |
| Ongull |
From OW.Norse ongull "fish-hook." |
GB p. 17 s.n. Ongull; NR s.n. Ongli, Ængli |
| Ónn, Ánn, Onn |
This name occurs in OW.Norse in the forms Ónn, Ánn, Onn. Contracted form of the Germanic *Aþa- (derived from *aþal- "noble; foremost") + *-winiz "friend." Runic examples include the nominative case forms on, [u(n)]. |
NR s.n. Ónn |
| Onundr, Anundr, Anvindr, Anundi |
See Anundr. |
FJ pp. 11, 342, 352 s.nn. Anundr, Á-, -vindr; NR s.nn. Anundr/Onundr, Anundi, Á-, -undr/-vindr |
| ØringR |
Found in Old Swedish as Øring. Derived from the OW.Norse adjective œrr "wild, mad, furious." Runic examples include the nominative case form yrinkr and the accusative case form [y](r)in(k)[u]. |
NR s.n. ØringR |
| Órœkja |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Órœkja |
| Ørlygr |
"Fate, doom, especially in battle." From orlog. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Ørlygr |
| Ormarr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Ormar, occurs in OW.Norse as Ormarr. The first element Orm- is from OW.Norse ormr "dragon, worm, serpent." For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms ormar, urmar and the accusative case form urmar. A short form of masculine names in Orm- or derived from the masculine name OrmR is Ormi. |
FJ. pp. 345, 350; CV pp. 443, 468-469 s.v. mærr, ormr; NR s.nn. Ormarr, -arr, Ormi |
| Ormgeirr |
Found in Old Swedish as Ormger. For the first element Orm- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form ormkaiR and the accusative case form urmiR. A short form of masculine names in Orm- or derived from the masculine name OrmR is Ormi. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV pp. 196, 468-469 s.v. geirr, ormr; NR s.n. OrmgæiRR, Orm-, -gæiRR, Ormi |
| Ormi |
Ormi is a short form of masculine names in Orm- or derived from the masculine name OrmR (or the same root-word). Runic examples include the nominative case form [urmi] and the accusative case forms orma, u(r)--. |
CV pp. 468-469 s.v. ormr; NR s.n. Ormi, Ormr, Orm-, -ormr |
| Ormika |
Ormika is a possibly fictional masculine name, found in Old Gotlandic as Ormika, a Gotlandic saga character. Derived from OrmR or OW.Norse ormr with the diminuitive suffix -ika, or else the whole name may be a loan-word. Occurs in the runic nominative case form ormiga in an inscription that fails to shed further light on whether or not the name was in use outside of the fictional character, G216: "Ormika, Ulfgeirr, Greece, Jerusalem, Iceland, Serkland." A short form of masculine names in Orm- or derived from the masculine name OrmR is Ormi. |
CV pp. 468-469 s.v. ormr; NR s.n. Ormika, Ormr, Orm-, -ormr |
| Ormr |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish and Old Swedish in the form Orm. Occurs in OW.Norse as Ormr. From OW.Norse ormr "dragon, worm, serpent." Runic examples include the nominative case forms ormr, [ormr], the genitive case form urms, and the accusative case forms horm, or..., [urm]. A short form of masculine names in Orm- or derived from the masculine name OrmR is Ormi. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Ormr; FJ. pp. 345; CV pp. 468-469 s.v. ormr; NR s.n. OrmR, Ormi |
| OrmulfR |
Found in Old Swedish as Ormolf. For the first element Orm- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form urmulf. A short form of masculine names in Orm- or derived from the masculine name OrmR is Ormi. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 468-469, 668 s.v. ormr, úlfr; NR s.n. OrmulfR, Orm-, -ulfR, Ormi |
| Orn |
Found in Old Danish as Ørn (also found as a by-name), in OW.Norse as Orn (also found as a by-name), and in Old Swedish as the by-name Ørn. From the OW.Norse noun orn "eagle." Runic examples include the nominative case form arn, the genitive case form arnar and the accusative case form (a)(u)rn. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Orn; NR s.n. Orn |
| Ornólfr, Ornólfr |
For the first element Orn- see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Ornólfr; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.n. Arn-, -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. Orn, -ulfR |
| Órœkia |
Found in Old Swedish as Orikkia and in OW.Norse as both the personal name and the by-name Órœkia. From the OW.Norse abstract verb úrœkja "to neglect, to not ask after, to reck not." Runic examples include the nominative case forms [arikaa], aurikia, orikia, urika, urikia, urykia, yuia and the accusative case forms orekiu, urukiu, uruku. |
CV pp. 469, 506 s.v. ó-, rækja; NR s.n. Órøkia |
| Orri |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Orre and in OW.Norse as the by-name Orri. From the OW.Norse noun orri "a bird, the black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix)." Runic examples show Orri in use as a personal name, and include the nominative case form uri (So36: "Thorgeirr and Orri, they raised the stones in memory of Óleifr, their father and in memory of Sveinn, their brother.") and the accusative case form ur[in] (So350: "Ulfr and Ígull raised this stone in memory of Orri, their good father. May God help his spirit."). |
NR s.n. Orri |
| Orrusti |
Found in Old Swedish as Oreste. From Runic Swedish orrusta "battle," and the OW.Norse noun orrosta, which is probably also "battle." Occurs in the runic accusative case form u÷rusta in Og209: "Tosti raised the stone in memory of Tóki and Orrosti, his nephews." |
NR s.n. Orrusti |
| Ósníkinn |
From the OW.Norse adjective sníkinn "avaricious, greedy" combined with the negative prefix. Runic examples include the nominative case forms osnikin, usnekin, usnikin, [usnikin] and the accusative case forms usnikin, (u)(s)-(e)(k)-(l). |
CV pp. 469, 575 s.v. ó-, sníkja; NR s.n. Ósníkinn |
| Óspaki |
From the OW.Norse adjective úspakr "unwise, unruly, wild." Runic examples include the nominative case form (u)s---- and the accusative case form usbaka. |
CV pp. 469, 580 s.v. ó-, spakr; NR s.n. Óspaki |
| Óspakr |
Found in Old Swedish as Ospak, occurs in OW.Norse as Óspakr. From the OW.Norse adjective úspakr "unwise, unruly, wild." Runic examples include the nominative case forms hsbakR, o(s)bakR and the accusative case form osbak. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Óspakr; CV pp. 469, 580 s.v. ó-, spakr; NR s.n. ÓspakR |
| Ossurr, Ozurr, Andsvarr, Ansvarr, Ansurr, Assurr |
See Andsvarr. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Ozurr; FJ pp. 36-37 s.nn. Atsurr; NR s.nn. An(d)svarr/Ansurr/Assurr/Ossurr |
| Óstarki |
From the OW.Norse adjective ústerkr "weak, without power." Occurs in the runic nominative case form u·starki. |
CV pp. 469, 591 s.v. ó-, sterkr, styrkr; NR s.n. Óstarki |
| Ósvaldr |
For the first element Ós- see above. For -valdr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ósvaldr; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.nn. Ás-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Ósvífr |
For the first element Ós- see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ósvífr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Ás- |
| ÓsyrgR |
Found in Old Swedish as Osyrgher. From the adjective *ó-syrgR, formed from the noun sorg "sorrow, woe" and the negative prefix. Runic examples include the nominative case form ysurkR and the accusative case forms osurk, usyrk. |
CV p. 469 s.v. ó-; NR s.n. ÓsyrgR |
| ÓtamR |
Found in OW.Norse as Ótamr. From the OW.Norse adjective útamr "untamed." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form utamr in So320: "Geirhvatr and Onundr and Ótamr had the stone erected in memory of Bjórsteinn, their brother. He was in the east with Ingvarr, an able valiant man, the son of Lífey." |
CV pp. 469, 625 s.v. ó-, tamr; NR s.n. ÓtamR |
| Otkell |
For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. |
GB p. 13 s.n. Otkell; FJ pp. 349 s.n. -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Otr |
Found in Old Danish as Other (also found as a by-name in the forms Odder or Udder). Occurs in OW.Norse as Otr, the name of a fictional character, also found as a by-name. Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Oter. From OW.Norse otr "otter." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form utr in Og26: "Onundr raised this stone in memory of Otr, his son." |
NR s.n. Utr |
| Ótryggi |
From the OW.Norse adjective útryggr "unfaithful, unreliable." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form (u)(t)rik(a) in U570: "Áki and Sveinn, they had the stone raised in memory of Ótryggvi, their father." |
CV pp. 469, 643 s.v. ó-, tryggr; NR s.n. Ótryggi |
| Ótryggr |
Found in Old Swedish as Otryg and in OW.Norse as Ótryggr. From the OW.Norse adjective útryggr "unfaithful, unreliable." Runic examples include the nominative case forms atrikR, o(t)[irikr], otrukr, utrikr, utryk, utrykr, the genitive case form utruks, and the accusative case forms [otryk], [utirik], [utrik], utruk, utryk. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ótryggr; CV pp. 469, 643 s.v. ó-, tryggr; NR s.n. ÓtryggR |
| Ótta |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Ótta |
| Óttarr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Ottar, occurs in OW.Norse as Óttarr. Of disputed derivation. The first element is related to the OW.Norse noun ótti "terror, fear, dread" (from Germanic *óhtan-), or from *Óhta- or *Óhtu-. The second element in this name, -arr, is derived here from either *harjaR, Old Icelandic herr, "army, warrior" or from *gaiRaR, Old Icelandic geirr, "spear". Runic examples include the nominative case forms utar (3 instances), [(u)tar], [utaRa] and the accusative case form utar. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Óttarr; FJ p. 348 s.n. -arr; NR s.nn. Óttarr, -arr |
| Ottó |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Otto |
| Óþveginn |
Found in Old Danish as Uthwagin in the medieval runic inscription DR147. occurs in Old Swedish as Othuaghin and in OW.Norse as the by-name Óþveginn. From the pret. participle of the OW.Norse verb þvá "to wash" with the negative prefix. Runic examples include the nominative case form uþuhin and the accusative case forms [oþyaken], [uþuahin]. |
CV pp. 469, 751 s.v. ó-, Þvá, ú-Þveginn; NR s.n. Óþvaginn |
| ÓþyrmiR |
Found in OW.Norse as Óþyrmir. From the OW.Norse noun úþyrmir "a merciless, ruthless man" (from the verb þyrma "to spare, to save" plus the negative prefix). Occurs as a personal name in the runic genitive case form uþurm in N251: "Ketill raised this stone in memory of Jórunn, his wife, ÓþyrmiR's daughter." |
CV pp. 469, 755 s.v. ó-, Þyrma; NR s.n. ÓþyrmiR |
| Oxi |
|
GB p. 13 s.n. Oxi |
| Ozurr, Ossurr, Andsvarr, Ansvarr, Ansurr, Assurr |
See Andsvarr. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Ozurr; FJ pp. 36-37 s.nn. Atsurr; NR s.nn. An(d)svarr/Ansurr/Assurr/Ossurr |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Páll |
Christian, from Paul. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Páll |
| Patrekr |
Christian, from Patrick. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Patrekr |
| Pétr |
Found in Old Danish as Peder, in Old Swedish as Peter, Pædhar etc., and in OW.Norse as Pétr. Christian name; Scandinavian form of Latin Petrus (of Greek origin). Runic examples include the nominative case forms betar, peaitr. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Pétr; NR s.n. Pétr |
| Petrus |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Petrus. Christian name; from Latin Petrus (of Greek origin). Occurs in the nominative case form petrus. |
NR s.n. Petrus |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Ráðbarðr |
The first element Ráð- is from OW.Norse ráð "counsel; consultation; decision; rede." |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ráðbarðr; FJ p. 345 s.n. Ráð-; CV p. 485 s.v. ráð; NR s.n. Ráð- |
| Raði |
See Hraði, above. |
FJ p. 210 s.n. Raði |
| Ráðormr |
For the first element Ráð- see above. For the second element -ormr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ráðormr; FJ pp. 345, 350 s.nn. Ráð-, -ormr; CV pp. 468-469, 485 s.v. ormr, ráð; NR s.nn. Ráð-, -ormr |
| Ráðúlfr |
Found in Old Danish as Rathulf, in Old Swedish as Radholf, and in OW.Norse as Ráðúlfr. For the first element Ráð- see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. Occurs in the nominative case form [raþulfr] . |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ráðúlfr; FJ pp. 345, 351 s.nn. Ráð-, -ulfr; CV pp. 485 s.v. ráð; NR s.nn. RáðulfR, Ráð-, -ulfR |
| Ráðvaldr |
For the first element Ráð- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ráðvaldr; FJ pp. 345, 351 s.nn. Ráð-, -valdr; CV pp. 485, 675 s.v. ráð, valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| RáðþialfR |
The first element Ráð- is from OW.Norse ráð "counsel; consultation; decision." The second element is related to the name Þiálfi and the first element found in the name Þialfarr, which is from OW.Norse þjálfi "the one that encompasses, encloses, keeps together, subdues, subjugates, overpowers, overcomes" (of disputed derivation). Occurs in the nominative case form raþialbr. |
NR s.nn. RáðþialfR, Ráð-, Þialfi, Þialfarr |
| Rafn |
See Hrafn above. |
FJ pp. 210-212 s.n. Rafn |
| Rafnketill |
See Hrafnkell above. |
FJ pp. 212-213 s.nn. Rafn, Rafnketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill |
| Rafnsvartr |
For the first element Hrafn- or Rafn-, see above. The second element -svartr is identical with Old Icelandic svartr, "black". |
FJ pp. 213, 351 s.nn. Rafnsvartr, -svartr |
| Raggi |
Found in Old Swedish as Ragge and in Old Danish as the by-name Raggi. Derived from OW.Norse rogg "a tuft; shagginess." May occur in the nominative case form ragi, although this may instead represent the name Ragi. |
NR s.nn. Raggi, Ragi |
| Ragi |
May be found in Old Danish as Raghi, occurs in OW.Norse as Ragi (also found as a by-name). From the OW.Norse adjective ragr "cowardly, homosexual." May occur in the nominative case form ragi, although this may instead represent the name Raggi. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ragi; NR s.n. Raggi, Ragi |
| Ragnarr |
Found in Old Danish as Regner, in Old Swedish as Ragnar, and in OW.Norse as Ragnarr. The first element Ragn- is from Germanic *ragina-, for example in Gothic ragin "counsel, decision," OW.Norse rogn, regin pl. "power, power of the gods." As a personal name element this word rather has the Germanic sense of "rede, counsel, decision," but in Scandinavia acquired a secondary meaning with the religious interpretation. For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms [ragnar], ra(k)nar and the accusative case forms raknar, raknaR. A short form for names in Ragn- is Ragni. The name Ragnarr wasn't particularly common in Norway in the Viking period, but it did occur in the royal lines, and there was a bishop by that name at Nidaros in the middle of the 11th century. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ragnarr; FJ pp. 345, 348 s.nn. Ragn-, -arr; CV pp. 488-489 s.v. regin; NR s.nn. Ragnarr, Ragn-, -arr, Ragni; Academy of St. Gabriel Report #1520 |
| Ragnbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Ragnbiorn. For the first element Ragn- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Occurs in the nominative case form ranbRarn. A short form of Ragnbjǫrn is Rambi. A short form for names in Ragn- is Ragni. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 345, 348 s.nn. Ragn-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 488-489 s.v. björn, regin; NR s.nn. Ragnbiǫrn, Ragn-, -biǫrn, Biarni, Ragni, Rambi |
| Ragnfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Ragnvast. For the first element Ragn- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms ragnfastr, [ragnfastr], [rahnfastr], raknfastr, ranfast[r], [ranfastr] (3 instances) and the accusative case forms raknfast (3 instances), [raknfast]. A short form for names in Ragn- is Ragni. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ p. 345 s.n. Ragn-; CV pp. 488-489 s.v. regin; NR s.nn. Ragnfastr, Ragn-, -fastr, Ragni, Fasti |
| Ragnfrøðr |
For the first element Ragn- see above. For the second element -frøðr see above. A short form for names in Ragn- is Ragni. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ragnfrøðr; FJ pp. 345, 348 s.nn. Ragn-, -frøðr; CV pp. 488-489 s.v. regin; NR s.nn. Ragn-, -fríðr, Ragni |
| Ragni |
Found in Old Danish as Regni, in Old Swedish as Ragne, and in Old Swedish as Ragni. Short form of masculine names in Ragn-. Runic examples include the nominative case forms ragni, rakn[in], the genitive case form rakna and the accusative case forms ragna, rahna. |
FJ p. 345 s.n. Ragn-; CV pp. 488-489 s.v. regin; NR s.nn. Ragni, Ragn- |
| Ragnvaldr |
Found in Old Danish as Regnwald and possibly as Rawald, found in Old Swedish as Ragnvald, and in OW.Norse as Rognvaldr. For the first element Ragn- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms rahnualtr, [rakualtr] and the accusative case form raknualt (4 instances). A short form for names in Ragn- is Ragni. |
FJ pp. 345, 351 s.nn. Ragn-, -valdr; CV pp. 488-489, 675 s.v. regin, valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Ragnvaldr, Ragn-, -valdr, Ragni |
| Ragnviðr |
Found in Old Swedish as Ragnvidh. For the first element Ragn- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Occurs in the nominative case form rahnuiþr. A short form for names in Ragn- is Ragni. |
FJ p. 345 s.n. Ragn-; CV pp. 488-489, 703-704 s.v. regin, viðr; NR s.nn. Ragnviðr, Ragn-, -viðr, Ragni |
| Rambi |
Short form of Ragnbjǫrn. Occurs as a personal name in the nominative case form [ramri] in Og215: "Rambi raised this stone in memory of Ozurr, his son." |
NR s.nn. Rambi, Ragnbiǫrn, Ragn-, -biǫrn |
| Randi |
Found in Old Danish as Randi. Short form of masculine names in Rand- such as Old Swedish Randolf, OW.Norse Randviðr. Runic examples include the nominative case forms ranti, ronti. |
CV pp. 507-508 s.v. rond; NR s.nn. Randi, Randviðr, Rand- |
| Randr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Rand. Derived from OW.Norse rond "shield." Occurs in the nominative case form rontr, which may instead represent the name Þróndr. A short form of names in Rand- is Randi. |
CV pp. 507-508 s.v. rond; NR s.nn. Randr, Randi |
| Randvér |
The first element Rand- is from OW.Norse rond "shield." For the second element -vér or -vir see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Randvér; FJ p. 352 s.n. -vér; CV pp. 507-508 s.v. rond; NR s.nn. Randr, Randi, -véR |
| Randviðr |
For the first element Rand- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. A short form of names in Rand- is Randi. |
CV pp. 507-508, 703-704 s.v. rond, viðr; NR s.nn. Rand-, -viðr, Randi |
| Rannvér |
The first element Rann- is identical to Old Icelandic rann, "house" (related to the root in modern English ransack, "house-search"). For the second element -vér or -vir see above. |
FJ p. 352 s.n. -vér; CV pp. 483 s.v. rann, Rannvér; NR s.n. -véR |
| RaskulfR |
Found in Old Swedish as Raskolf. The first element Rask- is from the OW.Norse adjective roskr "mature in age; quick, doughty." For the second element -ólfr see above. Occurs in the accusative case form raskulf in the inscription U1155: "Hrólfr and raised the stone in memory of Raskulfr. May God help his spirit." |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV p. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. RaskulfR, Rask-, -ulfR |
| Raskviðr |
Found in Old Swedish as Raskvidh. For the first element Rask- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Occurs in the nominative case form raskuiþr. |
CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Raskviðr, Rask-, -viðr |
| Rauðabjǫrn |
The first element Rauða- is the genitive form the OW.Norse adjective rauðr "red." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Rauðbjǫrn; FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Rauðúlfr |
For the first element Rauð- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Rauðúlfr; FJ pp. 216, 351 s.nn. Rauðr, Rauði, -ulfr; NR s.nn. Rauði, Rauðr, -ulfR |
| Rauði |
Found in Old Danish as the by-name Røthe, in Old Swedish as the by-name Rødhe, and in OW.Norse as by-name Rauði. From the OW.Norse adjective rauðr "red." Occurs as a personal name in the accusative case form [rouþa] in Og23: "Þórlakr had this stone raised in memory of Rauði, his father, and in memory of Gunni." |
FJ p. 216 s.nn. Rauðr, Rauði; NR s.n. Rauði |
| Rauðkárr |
For the first element Rauð- see above. For the second element -kárr see above. May occur in the runic accusative case form rauþkar, which may instead represent HróðgeiRR. |
NR s.nn. Rauðkárr, Rauð-, -kárr, Rauði, Rauðr |
| Rauðr |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name, occurring in in Old Danish as Røth, in Old Swedish as Rødh, and in OW.Norse as Rauðr. From the OW.Norse adjective rauðr "red". Rauðr appears very early as a personal name in Norway, and is the name of one of the original settlers of Iceland in Landnámabók (ch. 21). Runic examples include the nominative case forms rauþr, [rauþr], ruþr. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Rauðr; FJ p. 216 s.nn. Rauðr, Rauði; NR s.n. Rauðr |
| Raumr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Raumr |
| Refkell |
For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Refkell; FJ pp. 216, 349 s.nn. Refr, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Refr |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name, occurring in Old Danish as Ræf, in Old Swedish as Ræv, and in OW.Norse as Refr. From OW.Norse refr "fox". Found infrequently in Iceland from the time of the Settlement (Refr inn gamli in Landnámabók ch. 14). Runic examples include the nominative case form rifr and the accusative case form ref. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Refr; FJ p. 216 s.n. Refr; NR s.n. RefR |
| Refli |
Weak side-form of the OW.Norse masculine fictional name Refill, from OW.Norse refill "strip, shred, narrow piece." Occurs in the accusative case form Rifla. |
NR s.nn. Ræfli, Hrifli |
| Reginmundr |
Found in Old Danish as Reimund; compare with Old Swedish Rag(n)mund, Raimund, and the Latinized form Remundus. The first element is a side form of Ragn, Regin-. For the second element -mundr see above. Occurs in the accusative case form [uiki(n)(m)(r)...]. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Ræginmundr, Rægin-, Ragn-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Reiðarr |
See Hreiðarr above. |
FJ pp. 216-217, 346, 348 s.nn. Reiðarr, (H)reið- |
| Reiðubúinn |
From the OW.Norse adjective reiðubúinn "ready, ready-made, prepared." Occurs as a personal name in the accusative case form reþbu-n in Nä23$: "Sigríkr had the stone raised in memory of Reiðubúinn, his son, a capable valiant man, and Oddr and Freysteinn (also raised)." |
NR s.n. Ræiðubóinn |
| Reifr |
From the OW.Norse adjective reifr "friendly, happy." Runic examples include the accusative case forms raif, ref. |
CV p. 490 s.v. reifr; NR s.n. RæifR |
| Reinaldr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Reinaldr |
| Reinn |
See Hrein above. |
FJ pp. 217-218 s.n. Reinn |
| Reistr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Reistr |
| RekkR |
May be found in Old Danish as Rek, occurs in OW.Norse as Rekkr. From *Rink- (OW.Norse rekkr) "warrior." Occurs in the nominative case form [rakR] in the inscription Sm79#: "Rekkr laid the stone over Þjokkr, his son...". |
NR s.nn. RekkR, RinkR |
| Reyrketill |
For the second element -ketill see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Reyrketill; FJ p. 349 s.n. -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Ríkarðr, Ríkharðr |
The first element Rík- is from the OW.Norse adjective ríkr (from Germanic *ríkia-) "mighty, distinguished, rich." For the second element -harðr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Ríkarðr, Ríkharðr; NR s.nn. Rík-, Harð-, Harðr |
| Ríkhvatr |
For the first element Rík- see above. For the second element -hvatr see above. Occurs in the nominative case form rikatr. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -hvatr; CV pp. 297 s.v. hvatr; NR s.nn. Ríkhvatr, -hvatr |
| Ríki |
Found in Old Danish as Riki (also found as a by-name), occurs in Old Swedish as the by-name Rike and in OW.Norse as the by-name Ríki. In some cases, Ríki appears as a short form of masculine names in Rík-, but when found in Runic Swedish names the name element may formed instead from the OW.Norse adjective ríkr "mighty, distinguished, rich." Occurs in the nominative case form riki in U438: "Þróndr and Ríki and Guðrún, these brothers had this stone raised in memory of Brúni, their father. May God help his soul." |
NR s.n. Ríki |
| Ríkólfr |
Found in Old Danish Rikulf, Old Swedish Rikolf, OW.Norse Ríkólfr. For the first element Rík- see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. Occurs in the nominative case form [rikulfR] in Ög139# "Ríkólfr had this monument made in memory of Gerðarr, his father. May God help (his) spirit ..." |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV p. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. RíkulfR, Rík-, -ulfR |
| RíkR |
May be found in Old Danish as Righer, also found as the by-name Rik. Occurs in Old Swedish as the by-name Rik. From the OW.Norse adjective ríkr (from Germanic *ríkia-) "mighty, distinguished, rich." Runic examples include the nominative case forms rikr, r(in)kr, though these may instead represent the names HringR, RinkR. |
NR s.nn. RíkR, HringR, RinkR |
| Ríkviðr |
Found in Old Swedish as Rikvidh. For the first element Rík- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms rikuiþr (3 instances), [rikuiþr]. |
CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Ríkviðr, Rík-, -viðr |
| Ringulfr |
See Hringulfr above. |
FJ pp. 219, 346, 351 s.n. Ringulfr, (H)ring-, -ulfr |
| RinkR |
Found in Old Danish as Rink (also found as a by-name) and in OW.Norse as Rekkr. From *rink- (OW.Norse rekkr) "warrior." Runic examples include the nominative case forms rikr, r(in)kr. |
NR s.n. RinkR, HringR, RíkR |
| Róarr |
See Hróarr above. |
FJ pp. 221, 346, 348 s.n. Róarr, (H)róðr-, -geirr, -varr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr |
| Róbert |
Christian |
GB p. 14 s.n. Róbert |
| Roðbert |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Roðbert; FJ p. 346 s.n. (H)róð- |
| Roðbjartr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Roðbjartr; FJ p. 346 s.n. (H)róð- |
| Róðgeirr |
For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Róðgeirr; FJ pp. 346, 349 s.nn. (H)róð-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Róðmarr |
See Hróðmarr above. |
FJ pp. 221, 346, 350 s.nn. Róðmarr, (H)róð-, -marr |
| Róðmundr |
See Hróðmundr above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ pp. 221-222, 346, 350 s.nn. Róðmundr, (H)róð-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. -mundr, Mundi |
| Roðrekr |
For the second element -rekr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Roðrekr; FJ pp. 346, 350 s.nn. (H)róð-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Róðulfr |
See Hróðulfr above. A few instances of Rodhulf occur in Sweden. In Danish legendary history the name appears in Latinized form as Rolpho, Rolvo, Roluerus. |
FJ pp. 222-223, 346, 351 s.nn. *Róðulfr, (H)róð-, -ulfr |
| Rœkia |
From the OW.Norse abstract verb rœkja "to care, to mind, to worry, to revere, to be careful with, take care of, guard, protect." Occurs in the genitive case form rRkiu. |
NR s.n. Røkia |
| Rœþrekr |
For the second element -rekr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Rœþrekr; FJ pp. 350 s.n. -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Róghvatr |
The first element Róg- is from the OW.Norse noun róg "accusation, dispute, battle." For the second element -hvatr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form rukuat in So359: "Arnulfr and Gamall and Spjóti, they had the rock-slab cut in memory of Róghvatr, their good father." |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -hvatr; CV pp. 297 s.v. hvatr; NR s.n. Róghvatr, -hvatr |
| Rognvaldr |
The first element Rogn- is a contracted form of Old Icelandic regin, "ruling powers, the gods." For the second element -valdr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Rognvaldr; FJ pp. 345, 351 s.n. Ragn-, -valdr; CV pp. 488-489, 675 s.v. regin, valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Rókr, Róki |
See Hrókr above. |
FJ p. 223 s.nn. Rókr, Róki |
| Ronguðr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Ronguðr |
| Rossketill |
See Hrosskell above. |
FJ pp. 225-226, 346, 349 s.n. Rossketill, (H)ross-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Rugga |
Found in OW.Norse as the masculine by-name Rugga. Formed from the OW.Norse verb rugga "to rock; to move forward and backward, to rock a cradle." Runic examples include two references to the same man, in the nominative case form ruka and the genitive case form ruku in Vg149: "Rugga placed ... his father and ..." and in Vg139 "...-gautr raised this stone in memory of Guðmundr, his father, Rugga's son, very good." |
NR s.n. Rugga |
| Rúnfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Runvast. The first element Rún- is from OW.Norse rún (from Germanic *rúnó) in the original sense of "secret, hidden knowledge." For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form runfast... and the accusative case forms runfast, runfastr. A short form of masculine names in Rún- is Rúni. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
NR s.n. Rúnfastr, Rún-, -fastr, Rúni, Fasti |
| Rúni |
Found in Old Danish as Runi, in Old Swedish as Rune, and in OW.Norse as Rúni. Short form of masculine names in Rún-. Runic examples include the nominative case forms runi, [runi], the genitive case form runo and the accusative case forms ruah, runo. |
NR s.n. Rúni |
| Rúnki |
Diminuitive form of Rúnólfr. |
CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Rúnólfr |
Found in OW.Norse as Rúnólfr. For the first element Rún- see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. Runic examples include the genitive case form runulfs and the accusative case forms rnulfu, runul-. A short form of masculine names in Rún- is Rúni. A diminuitive form of Rúnólfr is Rúnki. |
GB p. 14 s.nn. Runólfr, Rúnólfr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV p. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. RúnulfR, Rún-, -ulfR, Rúni |
| Rúnviðr |
Found in Old Swedish Runvidh. For the first element Rún- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Occurs in the nominative case form runuiþr. A short form of masculine names in Rún- is Rúni. |
CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Rúnviðr, Rún-, -viðr, Rúni |
| RyðingR |
Possibly derived from OW.Norse ruð "clearing in the woods." Occurs in the nominative case form ryþikr, although this may instead represent the masculine names HrøðingR or HrøríkR. |
NR s.nn. RyðingR, HrøðingR, HrøríkR |
| Rysia |
Found in Old Swedish as the masculine by-name Rysia. From Old Swedish *rysia "hoop-net." Runic examples include the nominative case form rusia and the accusative case form ...rysu. |
NR s.n. Rysia |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Sæbjǫrn |
Found in Old Danish as Sebiorn, in Old Swedish as Sæbiorn, and in OW.Norse as Sæbjǫrn. The first element Sæ- or Søy- is from OW.Norse sjár, sjór, sær (from proto-Scandinavian *saiwaR "sea, ocean"). For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms saibiorn, sibiun, sibiurn, [sibiurn] and the accusative case forms [sabi], [sabiara], saibiurn. A short form of Sæbjǫrn is Sebbi. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sæbjǫrn; FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. Sæ-, bjǫrn; CV pp. 66, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. björn, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. Sæbbi, Sæbiǫrn, Sæ-/Søy-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| SædiarfR |
Found in Old Swedish as Sædiærf. For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. Runic examples include the accusative case forms siiterf, sitiarf. |
FJ p. 346 s.nn. Sæ-; CV pp. 100, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. djarfr, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. SædiarfR, Sæ-/Søy-, diarfR |
| Sæfari |
Found in OW.Norse as Sæfari, the name of a fictional character, also found as a by-name. From OW.Norse sæfari "sea-farer" Occurs in the runic nominative case form sefari. |
FJ p. 346 s.nn. Sæ-; CV pp. 141-143, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. fara, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. Sæfari, Sæ-/Søy- |
| Sæfúss |
For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -fúss see above. Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form saifok in the inscription Ol18: "Jóarr and Sjall and Eilífr/Eileifr and Bófi, they had the stone raised in memory of their father, Sæfúss." |
FJ p. 346 s.nn. Sæ-; CV pp. 178-179, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. fúss, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. Sæfúss, Sæ-/Søy-, -fúss |
| Sægeirr |
For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form saikaiR and the accusative case form [saikiR]. |
FJ pp. 346, 349 s.n. Sæ-, -geirr; CV pp. 196, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. geirr, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. SægæiRR, Sæ-/Søy-, -gæiRR |
| Sægrímr |
This name once was assumed to be found exclusively as an Old Norse name from the Danelaw, but new research shows that it is also found as a name in Scandinavia. For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. second element -grímR. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sekrim, se-rimr, siagrim. |
FJ pp. 346, 349 s.n. Sæ-, -grímr; CV pp. 216, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. gríma, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. SægrímR, Sæ-/Søy-, -grímR |
| Sæleifr |
For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form sailafr in the partial inscription G94: "Seilafr had the monument ..." |
FJ p. 346 s.nn. Sæ-; CV pp. 381, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. leif, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. SælafR, Sæ-/Søy-, -læifR/-lafR |
| Sæmlingr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Sæmlingr |
| Sæmundr |
Found in Old Danish as Semund, in Old Swedish as Sæmund, and in OW.Norse as Sæmundr. For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form semuntr and the accusative case form saimut. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sæmundr; FJ pp. 346, 350 s.nn. Sæ-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. mundr, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. Sæmundr, Sæ-/Søy-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Særæifr |
SæræifR (masculine name, see SigræifR) For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -ræifR see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form serifr and the accusative case forms seref, siref, sirif. |
FJ p. 346 s.nn. Sæ-; CV pp. 490, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. reifr, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. SæræifR, Sæ-/Søy-, -ræifR |
| Særða |
From the pret. participle of the OW.Norse verb særa "to wound, to hurt" with a weakly-inflected suffix -a, perhaps after the English pattern. Occurs in the runic nominative case form sarþa in the inscription DRM66: sarþa í lundi (Særða of Lund). This inscription dates to ca. 1065-75, after the end of the Viking Age. |
NR s.n. Særða; Arild Hauge. Danske Brakteater og Runemynter. Århus, Denmark. 2002. Accessed 23 July 2003. |
| Sæþórr |
For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -þórr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form saþur in the inscription Ög184: "SæÞórr raised (the stone) in memory of Þóri, his brother, (who) died." |
FJ pp. 346, 347, 351 s.nn. Sæ-, Þór-, -þórr; CV pp. 534-535, 618-619, 743 s.v. sjár, sjór, sær, Þórr; NR s.nn. Sæþórr, Sæ-/Søy-, -þórr |
| SæulfR, Siólfr |
Found in OW.Norse as Siólfr, a fictional character. For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -úlfr or -ólfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms saiulfr, saulfR. Also found in the contracted form Sjólfr. |
FJ pp. 346, 351 s.nn. Sæ-, -ulfr; CV pp. 534-535, 618-619, 668 s.v. sjár, sjór, sær, úlfr; NR s.nn. SæulfR, Sæ-/Søy-, -ulfR |
| Sævarr |
Found in OW.Norse as Sævarr. For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -arr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form seuar in the inscription Ol33{21}: "... ... had the stones raised in memory of Sævarr, his/her good father." |
FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. Sæ-, -arr; CV pp. 534-535, 618-619 s.v.
sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. Sævarr, Sæ-/Søy-, -arr |
| Sævini |
Old English name. Runic examples include the nominative case forms seuina, seuine. |
NR s.n. Sævini |
| Salgarðr |
The first element Sal- is identical with Old Icelandic salr, "hall, house". |
GB p. 14 s.n. Salgarðr; FJ p. 346 s.n. Sal-; CV pp. 510 s.v. salr |
| Salómon |
Christian, from Solomon. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Salómon |
| Sámr |
Found in Old Danish as Sam and in OW.Norse as Sámr (also found as a by-name). From the OW.Norse adjective sámr "swarthy, dark like a Sámi". Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form sam in Sm93L: "Hrólfr raised this stone in memory of his sons Sveinn/Steinn(?) and Thorsteinn and in memory of Sámr, a good valiant man; Œpir in memory of his father." |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sámr; NR s.n. SámR |
| Sandarr |
Possibly found in Old Danish as Sander. The first element Sand- is from OW.Norse sandr "sand." For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms santar, satar. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -arr; CV pp. 513-514 s.v. sandr; NR s.nn. Sandarr, Sand-, -arr |
| Santiri |
Celtic |
GB p. 14 s.n. Santiri |
| Sassurr, Sossurr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Sazur. These names are variant forms of Assurr, Ossurr, Ozurr etc. The origin of the initial S-sound is perhaps from children's speech. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sasur (3 instances), [sasur] and the accusative case forms sasur, susur. |
NR s.nn. An(d)svarr/Ansurr/Assurr/Ossurr, Sassurr/Sossurr |
| Sauðkólfr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Sauðkólfr |
| Saxi |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Saxi and in Old Swedish as Saxe. Occurs in OW.Norse as the personal name Saxi. Formed in OW.Norse from the name of the people or nation saxar pl. "inhabitant of Saxland, Saxon" or from OW.Norse sax "short sword" (compare with the OW.Norse sword name Saxi). Runic examples include the nominative case forms sagsi, sahsi, sakse, saksi, sak(s)in, sak(s)(in), [sa]ksi and the accusative case form sagas (4 instances). |
GB p. 14 s.n. Saxi; NR s.n. Saxi |
| Saxólfr, Soxólfr |
For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Soxólfr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr |
| Sebbi |
Found in Old Danish and OW.Norse as Sebbi, found in Old Swedish as Sæbbe. A short form of Sæbjǫrn. Occurs in the accusative case form [saba] in the inscription Sm146: "Halfdan had this stone raised in memory of Sebbi, (his) father." |
CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Sæbbi, Sæbiǫrn, -biǫrn |
| Sefi, Siafi |
Found in Old Swedish as Sæve. From the Old Swedish adjective siæver, sæver "calm, self-possessed, tranquil, gentle, leisurely." Runic examples include the nominative case form s(in)afi, the genitive case form sifa and the accusative case form s(in)fa. |
NR s.nn. Sefi/Siafi |
| Serkr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Serkr |
| Sialfi |
Found in Old Danish as Selvi and in Old Swedish as Siælve. From the OW.Norse adjective sjalfr "himself." Runic examples include the nominative case form sialfi and the accusative case form
sialfa. |
NR s.n. Sialfi |
| Sibba |
Occurs in the runic nominative case form siba in two inscriptions referring to the same person - G111: "Sibba raised the stone in memory of Hróðþjóð, his wife, Hróðgeirr in Angr/Anga's daughter. (She) died young and under-age." and G112: "Sibba had the stone made in memory of his and Hróðþjóð's daughter." |
NR s.n. Sibba |
| Sibbi |
Found in Old Danish as Sibbi and in Old Swedish as Sibbe. A short form of Sigbjǫrn. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sibi (12 instances), [sibi], the genitive case form siba and the accusative case forms siba (6 instances), [siba], [sira]. |
CV pp. 66, 526-527 s.v. björn, sigr; NR s.nn. Sibbi, Sigbiǫrn, Sig-, -biǫrn |
| Sigarr |
The first element Sig- comes from *sigi, the same stem as in Old Icelandic sigr, "victory". Here the second element -arr is derived from either *harjaR, Old Icelandic herr, "army, warrior" or from *gaiRaR, Old Icelandic geirr, "spear". |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigarr; FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. Sig-, -arr; CV pp. 527-528 s.v. sigr; NR s.nn. -arr |
| Sigbjǫrn |
For the first element Sig- see above. A diminuitive form of Sigbjǫrn is Sebbi. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. Sig-, -bj#491;rn; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 66, 527-528 s.v. björn, sigr; NR s.nn. -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Sigbjǫrn |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Sighbiorn, occurs in OW.Norse as Sigbjǫrn. The first element Sig- is from OW.Norse sigr (genitive: -sigrs) (from Germanic *segiz, *seguz) "victory, conquest." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sibiun, sibiurn, [sibiurn], sigbiarn, sikbiar[n], [sikbiar-], sikbiurn and the accusative case forms [sig:biarn], sihbiarn, sihbi..., sihborn, sikbia..., sikbiern, sikbiurn. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. Sig-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 526-527 s.v. björn, sigr; NR s.nn. Sigbiǫrn, Sig-, -biǫrn, Biarni, Siggi |
| Sigdan |
Found in Old Swedish as Sighdan. For the first element Sig- see
above. The second element -dan is from OW.Norse danr "Dane, Danish." Occurs in the runic nominative case form [sikton] in Ög119+: "Sigdan erected this stone in memory of Ofæti, his father, a good husbandman." A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 526-527 s.v. sigr; NR s.nn. Sigdan, Sig-, DanR, Halfdan, Siggi |
| SigdiarfR |
Found in Old Swedish as Sighdiærf. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sihtarf, [sihtia]rf, [sihtiarfr] and the accusative case forms [sihtirf], siiterf, sikterf, sitiarf, s[uhik'ierf]. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 100, 526-527 s.v. djarfr, sigr; NR s.nn. SigdiarfR, Sig-, -diarfR, Siggi |
| Sigfasti |
For the first element Sig- see above. The second element -fasti is from the OW.Norse adjective fastr "firm, fast, strong." Occurs in the runic accusative case form sihfasta in U193: "Gunna and Ingjaldr (and) Illugi, they had the stone erected in memory of Sigfasti, Gunna's husbandman." A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 145, 526-527 s.v. fastr, sigr; NR s.nn. Sigfasti, Sig-, -fasti, Fasti, Siggi |
| Sigfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Sighfast or Sighvast, found in OW.Norse as Sigfastr. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms [sigfastr], sihfastr, sihikfastr, sihuastr (3 instances), sikfast, s[ikfast]r, [sikfastr], [sRkuastr], -ikfastr, [...uastr] and the accusative case forms [shfast], sigfast, [(s)igfast], sikfast, sikuast. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigfastr; FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 145, 526-527 s.v. fastr, sigr; NR s.nn. Sigfastr, Sig-, -fastr, Fasti, Siggi |
| Sigfrøðr |
Found in Old Danish as Sighfrith, in Old Swedish as Sighfridh, Sighrudh, Sighrødh, and in OW.Norse as Sigfrøðr. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -(f)reðr/(f)røðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms si[kfiR]uþr, sikruþr, the genitive case forms sifruþaR, sukruþar, sukruþaR and the accusative case forms siri(þ), siR=uþr. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 526-527 s.v. sigr; NR s.nn. Sig(f)røðr, Sig-, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr, Siggi |
| Sigfúss |
Found in Old Swedish as Sighus and in OW.Norse as Sigfúss. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -fúss see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sigfus, sihus and the accusative case form sikfus. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigfúss; FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 526-527 s.v. sigr; NR s.nn. Sigfúss, Sig-, -fúss, Siggi |
| Siggeirr |
Found in OW.Norse as Siggeirr, the name of fictional characters in several sagas and also the name of a person in Jamtland. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form [sikiR] and the accusative case form si[k]is. This name appears in Volsunga saga ch. 3; Egils saga einhenda ok Ásmundar berserkjabana ch. 7; and Bósa saga ok Herrauðs for Siggeirr Háreksson in ch. 7. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ pp. 326, 349 s.nn. Sig-, -geirr; CV pp. 196, 526-527 s.v. geirr, sigr; NR s.n. SiggæiRR, Sig-, -gæiRR, Siggi |
| Siggi |
Found in Old Danish and OW.Norse as Siggi, occurs in Old Swedish as Sigge. A short form of masculine names in Sig-. Cleasby-Vígfússon shows Siggi as specifically a diminuitive form of Sigurðr. Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form [sigi] in Vs5: " had the stone raised...travelled to England, died in Spjallboði's ... May God help his soul... Siggi cut the runes." |
CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 526-527 s.v. sigr; NR s.nn. Siggi, Sig- |
| Sighjálmr |
Found in Old Swedish as Sighhiælm and in OW.Norse as the fictional character Sighjálmr. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -hjálmr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sihialmr, sihia--r, sikhialmr. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 266-267, 526-527 s.v.
hjálmr, sigr; NR s.nn. SighialmR, Sig-, -hialmR, Siggi |
| Sighvatr, Sigvatr |
Found in Old Swedish as Sighhvat and in OW.Norse as Sighvatr. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -hvatr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms [sahuatr], sihatr, [sihatr], [sihuat]r, [sikaaar], [sikeuatr], [sikuatr] and the accusative case forms isikat, sihat, [si]huat, [sikat]. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
GB p. 14 s.nn. Sighvatr, Sigvatr; FJ pp. 346, 349 s.nn. Sig-, -hvatr; CV pp. 297, 526-527 s.v. hvatr, sigr; NR s.nn. Sighvatr, Sig-, Hvatr, -hvatr, Siggi |
| Sigketill |
Occurs as a Scandinavian name in England in the form Sichet or Sighet. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form sikitl. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ pp. 346, 349 s.nn. Sig-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338, 526-527 s.v. ketill, sigr; NR s.n. Sigkætill, Sig-, -kæ(ti)ll, Siggi |
| Sigmarr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Sighmar. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -marr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sihmar, sikmar and the genitive case form [sihmaraR]. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ pp. 346, 350 s.nn. Sig-, -márr; CV pp. 418, 443, 526-527 s.v. -már, mærr, sigr; NR s.nn. Sigmarr, Sig-, -marr, Siggi |
| Sigmundr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Sighmund, occurs in OW.Norse as Sigmundr. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sekmutr, sigmutr, sihimuntr, si(k)mtr, sikmunt=r, sikmutr, the genitive case form sikmuntaR and the accusative case forms sigmunt, [sikmunt], sikmut. A diminuitive form of Sigmundr is Simbi. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigmundr; FJ pp. 346, 350 s.nn. Sig-, -mundr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 437-438, 527-528 s.v. mundr, -mundr, sigr; NR s.nn. Sigmundr, Sig-, -mundr, Siggi, Mundi |
| Signiúti |
For the first element Sig- see above. The second element -niúti is a weak side-form of -niútr, from the OW.Norse verb njóta, "have to use and enjoy", thus "one who has or enjoys." Occurs in the runic accusative case form [sihniuta] in U958 "This is in memory of Signiúti. His son Sigviðr made the runes. Þórgautr carved." A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 456, 526-527 s.v. njóta, sigr; NR s.nn. Signiúti, Sig-, -niúti, Siggi |
| Signiútr |
Found in Old Swedish as Sighniut. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -niútr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms s(in)ihniutr, sikne(o)t, sikniutr (3 instances), sikni(u)-. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 456, 526-527 s.v. njóta, sigr; NR s.nn. Signiútr, Sig-, niútr, Siggi |
| Sigólfr |
May be found in Old Danish as Sighulf. Found in Old Swedish as Sigholf and in OW.Norse as Sigólfr. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -úlfr or -ólfr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form sikulf. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ pp. 346, 351 s.n. Sig-, -ulfr; CV pp. 526-527, 668 s.v. sigr, úlfr; NR s.nn. SigulfR, Sig-, -ulfR, Siggi |
| SigræifR |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Sighref. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -ræifR see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms serifr, sigrifr, sihr(a)if, sihraifr, sihrai-r, [sikraif], sikrif and the accusative case forms seref, sigraif, sihraif, sikraif, siref, sirif. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 490, 526-527 s.v. reifr, sigr; NR s.nn. SigræifR, Sig-, -ræifR, Siggi |
| Sigrhaddr |
For the first element Sig- see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigrhaddr; FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 527-528 s.v. sigr |
| Sigríkr |
Found in Old Danish as Sighrik and in OW.Norse as Sigríkr. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form sihrikr. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ pp. 346, 350 s.nn. Sig-, -ríkr; CV pp. 499, 526-527 s.v. ríkr, sigr; NR s.nn. SigríkR, Sig-, -ríkR, Siggi |
| Sigrøðr |
For the first element Sig- see above. A diminuitive form of Sigurðr is Siggi. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigrøðr; FJ pp. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 527-528 s.v. sigr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; NR s.n. Sig- |
| Sigsteinn |
Found in Old Swedish as Sighsten and in OW.Norse as Sigsteinn. For the first element Sig- see above. second element -stæinn. Runic examples include the nominative case forms [sifstain], sihstain, [sihstin], sikstain, [sikstain], siksten, sikstin, sistin, the genitive case form sikstains, and the accusative case forms sigstain, sihstain, siksan, s[iksin], (s)[ik]st[a]in, [sikstin], sikstnin, ...kstain. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ pp. 346, 351 s.nn. Sig-, -steinn; CV pp. 526-527, 591 s.v. sigr, steinn; NR s.nn. Sigstæinn, Sig-, -stæinn, Siggi |
| Sigþorðr |
For the first element Sig- see above. The second element is from the masculine name Þórðr. May occur in the runic accusative case forms sihþor, which may instead represent Sigþorn or Sigþórr. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 526-527 s.v. sigr; NR s.nn. Sigþorðr, Sig-, Þorðr, Siggi, Sigþorn, Sigþórr |
| Sigþorn |
Found in Old Swedish as Sighthorn. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -þorn see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form sihikþurn and the accusative case forms sihþor, sihþorn. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 526-527, 742 s.v. sigr, þorn; NR s.nn. Sigþorn, Sig-, -þorn, Siggi |
| Sigþórr |
For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -þórr see above. May occur in the runic accusative case forms sihþor, which may instead represent Sigþorn. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ pp. 346, 347, 351 s.nn. Sig-, Þór-, -þórr; CV pp. 526-527, 743 s.v. sigr, Þórr; NR s.nn. , Siggi |
| Sigtryggr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Sightrygg, occurs in OW.Norse as Sigtryggr. For the first element Sig- see above. The second element -tryggr is from the OW.Norse adjective tryggr. "trusty, faithful, reliable." Runic examples include the nominative case forms [shktirikr], (s)igtrykR, [syktrykR], the genitive case form sygtry(g)s, and the accusative case forms siktriku, siktriuk, siktryk. A short form of SigtryggR is Tryggvi. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigtryggr; FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 526-527, 643 s.v. sigr, tryggr; NR s.nn. SigtryggR, Sig-, -tryggR, TryggR, Siggi, Tryggvi |
| Sigurðr |
Found in Old Danish as Sighwarth, in Old Swedish as Sighvardh or Sighurdh, and in OW.Norse as Sigurðr. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms siguarþ, s(in)[k]u(a)rþr, [sikuRþ], sikuþr, [siuhurþ], the genitive case form [sikuarta] and the accusative case form sehkurþ. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigurðr; FJ pp. 346, 351 s.n. Sig-, -varðr; CV pp. 526-527, 722 s.v. sigr, vorðr; NR s.nn. Sigvarðr/Sigurðr, Sig-, -varðr, Siggi |
| Sigvaldi |
Found in Old Danish as Sighwaldi and in OW.Norse as Sigvaldi. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -valdr or -valdi see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sigualti, [sihualti], sik:ualti and the genitive case form sigualta. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigvaldi; FJ p. 346, 351 s.n. Sig-, -valdr; CV pp. 526-527, 675 s.v. sigr, valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Sigvaldi, Sig-, -valdi, Siggi |
| Sigvarðr |
For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigvarðr; FJ pp. 346, 351 s.nn. Sig-, -varðr; CV pp. 527-528, 722 s.v. sigr, vorðr |
| Sigverkr |
For the first element Sig- see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sigverkr; FJ p. 346 s.n. Sig-; CV pp. 527-528 s.v. sigr |
| Sigviðr |
Found in Old Danish as Sighwith, in Old Swedish as Sighvidh, and in OW.Norse as Sigviðr. For the first element Sig- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms siguiþr, [sihiuiþr], sihuiþr (8 instances), sihuiþ(r), [s]ihuiþr, sikuiþr, [siku]iþr, [sikuiþr], [...(in)huiþr] and the accusative case form sihuiþ. A short form of masculine names in Sig- is Siggi. |
FJ pp. 346, 352 s.nn. Sig-, -viðr; CV pp. 526-527, 703-704 s.v. sigr, viðr; NR s.nn. Sigviðr, Sig-, -viðr, Siggi |
| Silvester |
Christian, from Sylvester |
GB p. 14 s.n. Silvester |
| Simbi |
Diminuitive form of Sigmundr. |
CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" |
| Simón, Símon, Símún |
Christian, from Simon |
GB p. 14 s.n. Simón, Símon, Símún |
| Sinarr |
It is uncertain whether the first element here is Sin- or Sinn-. Of uncertain etymology; compare with SiniR. The second element is perhaps -arr (see above). Runic examples include the nominative case form sinar and the accusative case form sinar. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -arr; NR s.nn. Sinarr, -arr |
| Sindri |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Sindri |
| SiniR |
Of uncertain etymology. The name may be derived from OW.Norse sin "sinew"; compare with OW.Norse Sinir as a horse name, interpreted as "the one with the strong sinews." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form sini in Ög170: "Hallsteinn raised this stone over his father SiniR." |
CV p. 529 s.v. sin; NR s.n. SiniR |
| SínkR |
From the OW.Norse adjective sínkr "stingy, selfish." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form [sinkR] in Ög102$: "SínkR had ... ... ... in memory of Fridhelf, his wife. May God help her soul." |
CV p. 532 s.v. sínkr; NR s.n. SínkR |
| Sjólfr |
This name is a contraction of Sæúlfr. For the first element Sæ- see above. |
FJ pp. 346, 351 s.nn. Sæ-, -ulfr; CV pp. 618 s.v.
sær; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Skælingr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skælingr |
| SkærðiR |
This name is a side-form (with the addition of the -ia- suffix) of Skarði. Runic examples include the accusative case forms karþi, skarþi. |
NR s.n. SkærðiR |
| Skæringr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skæringr |
| Skagi |
Found in Old Danish as the personal name Skaghi and as the by-name Skaghe. Found in OW.Norse both as a personal name and as a by-name, Skagi. Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Skaghi. From the OW.Norse noun skagi, "point, cape, headland, promontory." Runic examples include the nominative case forms skagi, skahi and the accusative case form skaka. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skagi; CV p. 536 s.v. skagi; NR s.n. Skagi |
| Skakki |
Found in Old Danish as Skakke (also found as a by-name) and in OW.Norse as the by-name Skakki. From the OW.Norse adjective skakkr "askew, crooked." Occurs in the runic accusative case form skaka. |
CV p. 536 s.v. skakkr; NR s.n. Skakki |
| Skakli |
Found in Old Danish as Skakli and in Old Swedish as Skakle (also found as a by-name). Derived from OW.Norse skokull, "the pole of a cart or carriage." Occurs in the runic nominative case form skakli in two inscriptions, DRM72: "Skakli in Lund" and DRM73: "Skakli, Lund." |
CV p. 565 s.v. skokull; NR s.n. Skakli |
| Skáldi |
Found in Old Swedish in the Latinized form Skaldo (also found as a by-name, Skalde). Occurs in OW.Norse as the by-name Skáldi. Derived from OW.Norse skald, "skald, poet." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form skalti in U1107: "Gillaug had the stone erected in memory of her son Fastarr. Skáldi had the landmark arranged well, and Þórðr and Ádís (did?)." |
NR s.n. Skaldi |
| Skalli |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Swedish as and in OW.Norse as Skalli. Occurs in Old Danish as the by-name Scalli. From OW.Norse skalli "skull, hairless head." Runic examples include the nominative case forms skali, [s]kali. |
NR s.n. Skalli |
| Skálpr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skálpr |
| Skamkell |
For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skamkell; FJ p. 349 s.n. -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Skammháls |
May be found in Old Danish as Skammel. Occurs as a by-name in Old Swedish as Skamhals and in OW.Norse as Skammháls. Compounded from the OW.Norse adjective
skammr "short" and OW.Norse háls "neck". Runic examples include the nominative case forms skamals, skanmals, [sknkals]. |
NR s.n. Skammhals |
| Skapti |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skapti |
| Skarði |
Found in Old Danish as Skarthi, in OW.Norse as the by-name Skarði, and in Old Swedish as the by-name Skardhe. Derived from OW.Norse skarð "indentation, notch, gap, mountain pass," with an allusion to hare-lip. Runic examples include the nominative case forms skarþi, sk(a)rþi and the accusative case forms skarþa, [skarþa]. |
NR s.n. Skarði |
| SkarfR |
Found in OW.Norse as Skarfr (also found as a by-name). From OW.Norse skarfr "bird, green cormorant (Phalacrocorax pelagicus)". Runic examples include the accusative case forms skarf, s:karf|. |
NR s.n. SkarfR |
| Skári |
Found in OW.Norse as Skári (also found as a by-name). From OW.Norse skári "a young sea-gull." Runic examples include the nominative case form
skari and the accusative case form skara. |
NR s.n. Skári |
| Skarpheðinn |
For the second element -heðinn see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skarpheðinn; CV p. 539 s.v. skarpr, Skarpheðinn; NR s.nn. Heðin-/Hiðin-, -heðinn/-hiðinn, Heðinn/Hiðinn |
| Skati |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skati |
| SkáungR |
Of uncertain etymology. Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form skaukR in Ög135: "SkáungR and Ozurr raised this stone in memory of Kagr(?), their father." |
NR s.n. SkáungR |
| Skefill |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skefill |
| Skeggi |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish and OW.Norse as Skeggi and in Old Swedish as Skægge. Derived from OW.Norse skegg "beard." May occur in the runic nominative case form skagi, or this may instead represent the name Skagi. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skeggi; NR s.n. Skæggi |
| Sker |
Occurs as a Scandinavian by-name in England. Either derived from or related to OW.Norse
sker "skerry, a cliff or rock that sticks up out of the water." Occurs in the runic accusative case forms s:kar, which may instead represent the masculine name SkarfR. |
NR s.n. Skær |
| Skíði |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skíði |
| Skjaldbjǫrn |
The first element Skjald- is identical with Old Icelandic skjold, genitive skjaldar, "shield." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skjaldbjǫrn; FJ pp. 346, 348 s.n. Skjald-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 553 s.v. björn, skjold; NR s.nn. -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Skjálf |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skjálf |
| Skjálgr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skjálgr |
| Skjoldólfr, Skjoldúlfr |
For the first element Skjold- see above. For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skjoldólfr; FJ pp. 346, 351 s.nn. Skjald-, -ulfr; CV pp. 553 s.v. skjold; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Skjoldr |
Identical with Old Icelandic skjold, genitive skjaldar, "shield." Skjoldr is the name of the mythical founder of the Danish kings, a son of the god Óðinn. It appears in use as a human name in Njáls saga. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skjoldr; FJ p. 346 s.n. Skjald-; CV pp. 553 s.v. skjold |
| Skofti, Skopti |
Found in OW.Norse as Skopti (also found as a by-name). May occur in Old Danish as the by-name Skofte. Derived from OW.Norse skopt "head of hair, scalp." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form skofti in N29: "Finnr and Skopti, Váli's sons, they raised this stone when they divided their land(ed property)." |
NR s.n. Skofti |
| Skógi |
Found in OW.Norse both as a personal name and as a by-name in the form Skógi. Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Skoghe. Derived from OW.Norse skógr "forest." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form skogi in DR387$: "Ásvaldi raised this stone in memory of Alfar, his brother: a good valiant man, shamefully killed, and Skógi betrayed the guiltless one." |
NR s.n. Skógi |
| SkógR |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Skogh and in OW.Norse as Skógr. Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Skogh. From OW.Norse skógr "forest." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form skokr in N213: "Rannveig raised the stone in memory of Ogmundr Hreppir's son, her husband. Skógr struck (the runes)." |
NR s.n. SkógR |
| Skólmr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skólmr |
| Skopti |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skopti |
| Skorageirr |
For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skorageirr; FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV pp. 196, 554 s.v. geirr, skora; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Skorri |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skorri |
| Skotr |
Celtic |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skotr |
| Skrauti |
Found in OW.Norse as the by-name Skrauti. Derived from OW.Norse skraut "splendor, ostentation, adornment." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form skrauta in DREM85;377$: "Billingr raised this stone in memory of Skrauti." |
NR s.n. Skrauti |
| Skúfr, Skúmr |
Both skúfr and skúmr are used for the skua or brown gull (Lestris cataractes). Skúmr also appears as a by-name with the sense of "chatterer, gossip." Both also occur as personal names. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skúfr, Skúmr; CV p. 561 s.v. skúfr, skúmr |
| Skúli |
Found in Old Danish as Skuli, in Old Swedish as Skule (also found as a by-name), and in OW.Norse as Skúli (also found as a by-name). From the OW.Norse verb skýla "to conceal, to protect." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form
skuli in U614: "Skúli and Folki have raised this stone in memory of their brother Húsbjǫrn. He was sick abroad when they took payment on Gotland." |
GB p. 14 s.n. Skúli; NR s.n. Skúli |
| Skúti, Skútr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Skúti, Skútr |
| Skygni |
Found in OW.Norse as the by-name Skygni. From the OW.Norse adjective skygn "sharp-sighted". Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form skukna in M5: "Hákon had this stone erected in memory of Skygni, his brother, and in memory of Alþrúðr, his mother. May God and God's mother help their souls." |
NR s.n. Skygni |
| SlagvéR |
Of uncertain etymology. The second element is perhaps -véR (see above). Runic examples include the nominative case forms slaguis, slakui. |
FJ p. 352 s.n. -ver; NR s.nn. SlagvéR, -véR |
| Slagvi |
Of uncertain etymology. Runic examples include the nominative case form slakui and the accusative case form
slakua. |
NR s.n. Slagvi |
| Slóði |
Found in Old Swedish as Slodhe and in OW.Norse as Slóði (also found as a by-name). Probably from a word related to Modern Icelandic slodi "wastrel, ne'er-do-well," derived from OW.Norse slod "to track or trail (after someone)." Runic examples include the nominative case forms sloþi (4 instances), [sluia], sluþi, the genitive case form sloþa and the accusative case forms sloþa, s[l]uþa. |
NR s.n. Slóði |
| Slóra |
Of uncertain etymology. Runic examples include the accusative case forms sluru, slyru, which may instead represent Slyðra. |
NR s.n. Slóra, Slyðra |
| Slúta |
Related to the OW.Norse verb slúta "to hang down, to dangle." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form sluta in Vg182: "Slúta raised this stone and made this bridge in memory of Ásbjǫrn, his partner." |
NR s.n. Slúta |
| Slyðra |
Found in OW.Norse as the masculine by-name Slyðra. From a name related to Nynorsk slyra "shabby person, ruffian." Runic examples include the accusative case forms sluru, slyru, or these may instead represent the name Slóra. |
NR s.n. Slyðra, Slóra |
| Smiðkell |
For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Smiðkell; FJ p. 349 s.n. -ketill; CV pp. 337-338, 572 s.v. ketill, smiðr; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Smiðr |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Smith and in Old Swedish as Smidh. Occurs in OW.Norse as Smiðr. From the OW.Norse noun smiðr "craftsman, smith." Runic examples include the nominative case forms simiþr, smiþr and the accusative case form smiþ. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Smiðr; CV p. 572 s.v. smiðr; NR s.n. Smiðr |
| Snæbjǫrn |
Found in OW.Norse as Snæbjǫrn. The first element Snjó- or Snæ- is from OW.Norse snjár, snjór, snær (from proto-Scandinavian *snaiwaR), "snow." Most proper names are compounded in the oldest form of snær, however some are also found with the later spelling Snjó-. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form snaybiarn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Snæbjǫrn; FJ pp. 346, 348 s.n. Snæ-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 575, 577 s.v. björn, snjór, snær; NR s.nn. Snøybiǫrn, Snió-/Snøy-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Snækólfr |
For the first element Snæ- see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Snækólfr; FJ p. 346 s.n. Snæ-; CV pp. 575, 577 s.v. snjór, snær; NR s.nn. Snió-/Snøy- |
| Snækollr |
For the first element Snæ- see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Snækollr; FJ p. 346 s.n. Snæ-; CV pp. 575, 577 s.v. snjór, snær; NR s.nn. Snió-/Snøy- |
| Snær |
Found as the name of a fictional character in Old Danish as Snio and in OW.Norse as Snær. From OW.Norse snjár, snjór, snær "snow." Occurs in the runic nominative case form snuR, or this may instead represent the name SnoR. |
CV pp. 575, 577 s.v. snjór, snær; NR s.nn. SnióR, SnóR, Snió-/Snøy- |
| Snærir |
For the first element Snæ- see above. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Snærir; FJ p. 346 s.n. Snæ-; CV pp. 575, 577 s.v. snjór, snær; NR s.nn. Snió-/Snøy- |
| Snæúlfr, Snjolfr |
For the first element Snæ- see above. For the second element -úlfr or -ólfr see above. Snjólfr is a contracted form of Snæúlfr. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Snæúlfr, Snjolfr; FJ pp. 346, 351 s.n. Snæ-, -ulfr; CV pp. 575, 577, 668 s.v. snjór, snær, úlfr; NR s.nn. Snió-/Snøy-, -ulfR |
| Snari |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Snari and in Old Swedish as Snare. Occurs in OW.Norse as Snari. From the OW.Norse adjective snarr "fast, rash, hasty; sharp." Occurs in the runic nominative case form snari. |
NR s.n. Snari |
| Snerrir |
Found in OW.Norse as Snerrir. This name is derived from the OW.Norse verb *snerra (compare with OW.Norse snerra "attack, battle," hjaldrsnerrandi "attacker, warrior"). Runic examples include the nominative case forms sni(r)iR, snor[in]r, snrariR and the genitive case form sniris. |
CV pp. 265, 574 s.v. hjaldr-snerrandi, snerra; NR s.n. SnærriR |
| SnóR |
Related to the OW.Norse verb snúa "to turn oneself quickly." Occurs in the runic nominative case form snuR, or this may instead represent the name Snær. |
CV p. 576 s.v. snúa; NR s.nn. SnóR, SnióR |
| Snorri |
Eyrbyggja saga ch. 12 explains the origins of the name Snorri thus: "Litlu síðar giftist Þórdís Berki hinum digra, bróður Þórgríms, og réðst til bús með honum til Helgafells. Þá fór Þorgrímur sonur hennar í Álftafjorð og var þar að fóstri með Þórbrandi. Hann var heldur ósvífur í æskunni og var hann af því Snerrir kallaður og eftir það Snorri." [A little thereafter Þórdís was wedded to Berki inn digri (the stout), Þórgrím's brother, and betook her to housekeeping with him at Helgafell. Then fared Þórgrímr her son to Swanfirth, and was there at fostering with Þórbrand. He was somewhat reckless in his youth, and was called Snerrir (which means "a smart, sharp-witted person"), but afterwards Snorri.] |
GB p. 14 s.n. Snorri |
| SnorriR |
Side-form of OW.Norse Snorri. Occurs in the runic nominative case form snor[in]r, which may instead represent the name SnerriR. |
NR s.nn. SnorriR, SnærriR |
| Snortr |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Snortr |
| Søgsi |
Formed with the -si- suffix added to OW.Norse sœgr "tumult, noise, uproar" or from an identical masculine name; compare with the OW.Norse by-name Sœgr. Runic examples include the accusative case forms syh(s)a, [syhsa]. |
NR s.n. Søgsi |
| Sokki |
|
GB p. 14 s.n. Sokki |
| Sokkólfr |
For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sokkólfr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr |
| Solgi |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Solgi |
| Sólmundr |
The first element Sól- is perhaps from Old Norse sól, "the sun", or from solr, "sun-colored, yellow, sallow". For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sólmundr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438, 579, 621 s.v. mundr, -mundr, sól, solr; NR s.nn. -mundr, Mundi |
| Solmundr |
Found in Old Danish as Salmund, in Old Swedish as Salmund, and in OW.Norse as Solmundr. The first element Sol- is from OW.Norse salr "house, hall." For the second element -mundr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form [salmut] in U39+: "Helgi had this stone cut in memory of Salmundr, his son. May God help his spirit." The name is also found in ch. 1 of Ljósvetninga saga. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Salmundr, -mundr |
| Solsi |
Found in Old Swedish as Salse. Occurs in OW.Norse as Solsi, the name of a fictional character. Formed by adding the suffix -si to Salvi (OW.Norse Solvi) or to the OW.Norse adjective solr "(yellow) pale". Runic examples include the nominative case form salsi and the accusative case form salsa. |
NR s.n. Salsi |
| Sólvarr |
For the first element Sól-, Sol- see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sólvarr; CV pp. 579, 621 s.v. sól,
solr |
| Solvi |
Found in Old Swedish as Salve (also found as a by-name), occurs in OW.Norse as Solvi. From the OW.Norse adjective solr "(yellow) pale". Runic examples include the nominative case form salui and the accusative case form salua. This name is found in ch. 3 of Egils saga Skallagrímssonar and ch. 10 of Haraldar saga hárfagra for Solvi klofi Húnþjófsson; in ch. 31 of Ynglinga saga for Solvi Hognason; in ch. 8 of Hrana saga hrings; and in ch. 5 of Hálfs saga og Hálfsrekka. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Solvi; CV pp. 621 s.v. solr, Solvi; NR s.nn. Salvi/Solvi |
| Sondúlfr |
Found in OW.Norse as Sondúlfr. For the first element Sand- see above. For the second element -úlfr or -ólfr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form sont:ulf in BrOlsen;184$: "Sandulfr the Black erected this cross in memory of Arinbjorg his wife." |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 513-514, 668 s.v. sandr, úlfr; NR s.nn. SandulfR, Sand-, -ulfR |
| Sóni |
Found in Old Danish as Suni, in Old Swedish as Sune, and in OW.Norse as Sóni. Derived from OW.Norse sunr "son." Runic examples include the nominative case forms suni (3 instances) and the accusative case form suna. |
GB p. 14 s.n. Sóni; NR s.nn. Suni |
| Sørkvir |
Found in Old Danish as Swerkir, in Old Swedish as Sværker, and in OW.Norse as both the personal name and as the by-name Sørkvir. From *SvartgæiRR; compare with the Old Norse name from the Danelaw, Svartgeirr. The first element is from the OW.Norse adjective svartr "swarthy, black." For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sirkir, suerkiR and the accusative case form serkiR. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sørkvir; FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV pp. 196, 306 s.v. geirr, svartr; NR s.n. SværkiRR |
| Sorli |
Compare with OH.Germ. Sarilo, Sarulo, compounded with the diminuitive suffix from OH.Germ. saro "armor," and appears as Serlo in Old English sources. Occurs in the runic accusative case form serla. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sorli; NR s.n. Særli |
| Sóti |
Found in Old Danish as Soti and as the by-name Sote. Occurs as both a personal name and as a by-name in Old Swedish as Sote and in OW.Norse as Sóti. Derived from the OW.Norse noun sót "soot." Runic examples include the nominative case forms [soti], [suth]in, suti, the genitive case forms suta, [suta] and the accusative case forms sota, suta. |
GB p. 14 s.n. SótiCV p. 580 s.v. sót, sóti; NR s.n. Sóti |
| Sótr |
May be found in Old Danish as the by-name Sod. Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Sot. Derived from OW.Norse sót "soot." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form [sut] in GS4#: "... the stone raised in memory of Sótr, his/her husbandman; and Geirmarr in memory of his kinsman-by-marriage. Œpir carved." |
CV p. 580 s.v. sót, sóti; NR s.n. Sótr |
| Søybjǫrn |
For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form ...ybiar-... and the accusative case form sybiarn. |
CV pp. 66, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. bjǫrn, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. Søybiǫrn, Sæ-/Søy-, -biǫrn |
| SøygeiRR |
For the first element Sæ- or Søy- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form sukiR. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV pp. 196, 534-535, 618-619 s.v. geirr, sjár, sjór, sær; NR s.nn. |
| Spaki |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Spake and in OW.Norse as the by-name Spaki. From the OW.Norse adjective spakr "wise, sensible, peaceable." Occurs as a personal name in the runic genitive case form sb(in)ka in DR120$: "Áskatla raised this stone ... ...gísl, Spaki's son." |
CV p. 580 s.v. spakr; NR s.n. Spaki |
| SpakR |
Found in Old Swedish as Spak (also found as a by-name), in Old Danish as the by-name Spak, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Spakr. From the OW.Norse adjective spakr "wise, sensible, peaceable." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form [sbak]R in Sm13: "Spakr had the monument made in memory of his sons Sveinn and Hrœmingr." |
CV p. 580 s.v. spakr; NR s.n. SpakR |
| Sparr |
From the OW.Norse adjective sparr "sparing, economical, thrifty." Occurs as a personal name in the runic genitive case form sbars in So151 §A: "Nesbjǫrn, Sparr's son, raised the stone in memory of Sveinn, his brother, a thegn of strength." |
CV p. 581 s.v. sparr; NR s.n. Sparr |
| Sperla |
From *Spærðla and connected to OW.Norse sporðr "fish-tail" and the Norwegian dialect word speril, spærl "short tail", "small, thin person." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form sbarlu in DR218: "Eysteinn's sons raised this stone in memory of Sperla, their brother, Ásbjǫrn Neb's seaman." |
CV p. 585 s.v. sporðr; NR s.n. Spærla |
| Spjallboði |
Found in Old Swedish as Spiælbodhi. From OW.Norse *spjallboði "carrier, bearer;" compare with Old English spellboda "messenger, angel, prophet." Runic examples include the nominative forms sbialbuþi, s(b)ialbuþi, [sbialtbuþi], sbioulbuþi, the genitive forms [sbelbuþa] and sbialbuþa, and the accusative form sbialbuþa. A short form of this name is Buði. Spjalli may also be a short form of this name. |
CV p. 583 s.v. spjall; NR s.nn. Buði, Spiallbuði, Spialli |
| Spjall |
From OW.Norse spjall "old lore, an old saw, axiom" or "a spell, curse." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form sbia- in Ol18$: "Jóarr and Spjall and Eilífr/Eileifr and Bófi, they had the stone raised in memory of their father, Sæfúss." |
CV p. 583 s.v. spjall; NR s.n. Spiall |
| Spjalli |
Found in Old Swedish as Spiælle and in OW.Norse as Spjalli. From OW.Norse spjalli "friendly relations, one who converses with another friend." At least one scholar sees Old Swedish Spiælle as a short form of Spiælbodhi (see Spjallboði above). Found in a partial runic inscription in the accusative case form sbie.... |
CV p. 583 s.v. spjall; NR s.nn. Spiallbuði, Spialli |
| Spjót |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Spiut and in OW.Norse as the by-name Spjót. From OW.Norse spjót "spear." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form sbiut in So106: "Alríkr, Sigríðr's son, raised the stone in memory of his father Spjót, who had been in the west, broken down and fought in townships. He knew all the journey's fortresses." |
CV p. 583 s.v. spjót; NR s.n. Spiút |
| Spjóti |
Found in OW.Norse as the by-name Spjóti. Derived from OW.Norse spjót "spear." Occurs in the runic nominative case form sbiuti (3 instances). |
CV p. 583 s.v. spjót; NR s.n. Spiúti |
| Sporr |
Found in Old Danish as the name Sporgh and as the by-name Spurgh. Found in Old Swedish as Spirv and Spørv (also found as a by-name). Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in OW.Norse as Sporr. From the OW.Norse noun sporr "sparrow." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form [sbau(r)] in DR115 "§A Sporr raised this stone ... ... ... ... ... ..., §B a very good thegn." |
CV p. 585 s.v. sporr; NR s.n. Sporr |
| Spraki |
From OW.Norse spraki "talk, rumor" or related to the OW.Norse verb spraka "to crackle, to sparkle, to crunch." Runic examples include the nominative case form sbraki and the accusative case forms sbaraka, sbraka. |
CV p. 584 s.v. spraka, spraki; NR s.n. Spraki |
| Stafngrímr |
For the second element -grímr see above. |
GB p.14 s.n. Stafngrímr; FJ p. 349 s.n. -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.n. -grímR |
| Staki |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Staki and Old Swedish as Stake. Occurs in OW.Norse as the by-name Staki. From Old Swedish staki "pole, stake." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form staki in UFv1990;32B: "Staki and Þjalfi had this stone carved in memory of Hemingr, their father." |
NR s.n. Staki |
| StakkR |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Stak. Found in OW.Norse as the by-name Stakkr. From OW.Norse stakkr "short, coarse bag-like blouse without a waist." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form [slakR] in So46: "Áskell and Gnauðimaðr raised this stone in memory of their brother Sverri, who died in England. Ketill and Stakkr made this monument." |
CV p. 587 s.v. stakkr; NR s.n. StakkR |
| Stáli |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Stali, in Old Swedish as Stale, and in OW.Norse as Stáli. Derived from OW.Norse stál "steel." Occurs as a personal name in the runic genitive case form [s(t)a(l)a] in N186+: "Þórlafr Stáli's son raised (the) stone in memory of Ólafr of Byggland, Erlendr's son." |
CV p. 585 s.v. stál; NR s.n. Stáli |
| Stari |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Stare. From OW.Norse stari "bird, starling (Sturnus vulgaris)". May occur in the runic nominative case form stari, or this may represent the name Starri. |
CV p. 589 s.v. stari; NR s.n. Stari |
| Starkaðr, Storkaðr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Starkaðr, Storkaðr |
| Starki |
Found in Old Danish as the by-name Starki, in Old Swedish as the by-name Starke, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Sterki. From the OW.Norse adjective sterkr "stark, sturdy." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form starki in Sm60: "Sveinn/Steinn and Starki made this monument, this memento at the cross-roads, in memory of Guðmundr, their father." |
CV p. 591 s.v. sterkr; NR s.nn. Starki, Óstarki |
| Starr |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Star. From the OW.Norse adjective starr "stiff, hard" (compare with Starri) or from star "to stare," a side-form of OW.Norse stari, "to stare." Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form star in DR110: "§A Gei[r]mundr(?) ... [so]n made these memorials in memory of Sassurr. Starr raised the stone in memory of the deceased. §B May Thórr hallow this monument." |
NR s.nn. Starr, Starri |
| Starri |
Found in OW.Norse as Starri (also found as a by-name). Occurs as a by-name in Old Danish as Starri and in Old Swedish as Starre. From the OW.Norse adjective starr "stiff, hard" (compare with Starr). Found as a personal name in Landnámabók in ch. 21 for Hólm-Starri and in chs. 59 and 61 for Hólmgongu-Starri. Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form stari in Vg172: "Starri raised ... his father/brother. And ..." |
GB p. 15 s.n. Starri; NR s.nn. Starri, Starr |
| Stefán |
Christian, Stephen |
GB p. 15 s.n. Stefán |
| Stefnir |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Stefnir |
| Steinarr |
Found in Old Danish as Stener, in Old Swedish as Stenar, and in OW.Norse as Steinarr. The first element Stein- is from OW.Norse steinn "stone." For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form tsinar, the genitive case form s(t)in(a)r and the accusative case forms [stainar], tsinar. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Steinarr; FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. Stein-, -arr; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Stæinarr, Stæin-, -arr |
| Steinbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Stenbiorn and in OW.Norse as Steinbjǫrn. For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms s(t)ainbiar-, stainbiurn, stenbyrn, stinbiarn and the accusative case forms sta(in)(n)biu-n, s(t)en(b)in(a)rna, stinbiurn. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Steinbjǫrn; FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. Stein-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 591 s.v. bjǫrn, steinn; NR s.nn. Stæinbiǫrn, Stæin-, -biǫrn |
| Steindórr, Steinþórr |
For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -þórr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Steinþórr; FJ pp. 346, 347, 351 s.nn. Stein-, Þór-, -þórr; CV pp. 591, 743 s.v. steinn, Þórr; NR s.n. -stæinn |
| Steinfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Stenvast. For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sta[infas-r], st-infastr. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
FJ p. 346 s.n. Stein-; CV pp. 145, 591 s.v. fastr, steinn; NR s.nn. Stæinfastr, Stæin-, -fastr, Fasti |
| Steinfiðr, Steinfinnr |
For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -finnr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.nn. Steinfiðr, Steinfinnr; FJ pp. 346, 348 s.nn. Stein-, -finnr; CV pp. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. -stæinn |
| Steingísl |
For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form stenkisl. |
FJ pp. 346, 349 s.n. Stein-, -gísl; CV pp. 196, 591 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli, steinn; NR s.nn. Stæingísl, Stæin-, -gísl/-gils |
| Steingrímr |
For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. A diminuitive form of Steingrímr is Steinki. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Steingrímr; FJ pp. 346, 349 s.nn. Stein-, -grímr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 216, 591 s.v. gríma, steinn; NR s.n. -stæinn, -grímR |
| Steini |
For the first element Stein- see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Steini; FJ p. 346 s.n. Stein-; CV pp. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. -stæinn |
| Steinkell |
For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. |
FJ pp. 346, 349 s.nn. Stein-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338, 591 s.v. ketill, steinn; NR s.n. -stæinn, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Steinkell |
Found in Old Danish Stenkil, Old Swedish Stenkil, OW.Norse Steinkell. For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -ketill see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms stainkil, stinktil and the accusative case forms itinkil, [st]ainkil So30, stinkl. |
FJ pp. 346, 349 s.nn. Stein-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338, 591 s.v. ketill, steinn; NR s.nn. Stæinkæ(ti)ll, Stæin-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Steinki |
Diminuitive form of Steingrímr. |
CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; |
| Steinmóðr |
For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -móðr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Steinmóðr; FJ pp. 346, 350 s.n. Stein-, -móðr; CV pp. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. -stæinn, -móðr |
| Steinn |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Sten and in OW.Norse as Steinn. From OW.Norse steinn "stone." As by-name, may reflect place-names in OW.Norse Stein-, -steinn. Runic examples include the nominative case forms stain (4 instances), [stain], stein, stin, tsain/(t)sain, [t]sin, the genitive case form [stens], the accusative case forms stain, [stain], stein, [stei...], stia, stin, s(t)in, and one in which the case is uncertain, stain. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Steinn; FJ p. 346 s.n. Stein-; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. Stæinn |
| Steinólfr |
Found in Old Swedish as Stenolf and in OW.Norse as Steinólfr. For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -úlfr or -ólfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms stainulfr, [stainulfr], stinulfR and the accusative case form stainulf. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Steinólfr; FJ pp. 346, 351 s.nn. Stein-, -ulfr; CV pp. 591, 668 s.v. steinn, úlfr; NR s.nn. StæinulfR, Stæin-, -ulfR |
| Steinrøðr |
For the first element Stein- see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Steinrøðr; FJ p. 346 s.n. Stein-; CV pp. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. -stæinn |
| Steinþórr, Steinþórir |
Found in OW.Norse as Steinþórr. For the first element Stein- see above. For the second element -þóriR see above. May occur in the runic nominative case form ----þuriR. |
FJ pp. 346, 347, 351 s.nn. Stein-, Þór-, -þórr; CV pp. 591, 743 s.v. steinn, Þórr; NR s.nn. StæinþóriR, Stæin-, -þórr, ÞóriR, -þóriR |
| Stígandi |
identical to the Old Icelandic noun stígandi, "stepper, strider," from the verb stíga, "to step, to step upwards." This name appears in Gongu-Hrólfs saga ch. 6, and it also occurs as the name of a ship in Vatnsdæla saga ch. 16. |
GB pp. 15, 28 s.n. Stígandi, stígandi; CV p. 594 s.v. stígandi |
| StigR |
From OW.Norse stigr "path" (related to stígr "striding, stepping"). Occurs in the runic nominative case form stikuR, which may instead represent the name StyggR, in Og8$: "§A Styggr/Stigr made this monument in memory of Eyvindr, his son. He fell in the east §B with Eyvísl(?). Víkingr coloured and Grímulfr." |
GB p. 15 s.n. Stígr; NR s.nn. StigR, StyggR |
| StílingR |
Derived from the OW.Norse noun stíll, a loan-word from Latin stilus "stylus; composition, style." Runic examples include the nominative case forms [stil(in)(n)r-], [stili(n)r], or these may instead represent the name StillingR. |
NR s.nn. StílingR, StillingR |
| StillingR |
Related to OW.Norse stilling "calm, self-possessed, controlled, restrained." Runic examples include the nominative case forms [stil(in)(n)r-], [stili(n)r], or these may instead represent the name StílingR. |
CV p. 593 s.v. stilling; NR s.nn. StílingR, StillingR |
| Stóðbjǫrn |
The first element Stóð- is from OW.Norse stóð "a stud of horses." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sthotbiarn, [stoþbiarn] and the accusative case form [stoþbiarn]. A short form of masculine names in Stóð- is Stóði. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
CV p. 66, 596 s.v. björn, stóð; NR s.nn. Stóðbiǫrn, Stóð-, -biǫrn |
| Stóði |
A short form of masculine names in Stóð-. Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form [stoþi] in U968: "Stóði and Sigdjarfr and Þórgerðr had the stone carved in memory of Eistulfr, their brother, Þórgerðr's son. |
CV p. 596 s.v. stóð; NR s.nn. Stóði, Stóð- |
| Stóðkell |
For the first element Stóð- see above. For the second element -ketill see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms [stoþkil], [stuoþkel], stuþkihl. A short form of masculine names in Stóð- is Stóði. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -ketill; CV pp. 337-338, 596 s.v. ketill, stóð; NR s.nn. Stóðkæll, Stóð-, -kæ(ti)ll, Stóði |
| Stóri |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as the by-name Store, found in OW.Norse as the by-name Stóri. From the OW.Norse adjective stórr "large." Runic examples showing Stóri in use as a personal name include the genitive case form stura and the accusative case form stora in So269 "Onundr(?)... ...-undr(?) raised this stone in memory of Víkingr, their father, Stóri's son." and U1092: "Ósníkinn and Randvé had this stone raised in memory of Stóri." |
CV pp. 596-597 s.v. stórr; NR s.n. Stóri |
| Stórólfr |
For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Stórólfr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr |
| Stúfr |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Stuf and in OW.Norse as Stúfr. From OW.Norse stúfr "stump, stub." Occurs as a personal name in the runic genitive case form [st](u)(f)s in DR118: "§A Ozurr, Stúfr's son, §B raised this stone in memory of Bróðir, his son." |
GB p. 15 s.n. Stúfr; CV p. 600 s.v. stúfr; NR s.n. StúfR |
| Stúrla |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Sturla |
| StybbiR |
Compare with Old Swedish Stybbe. A short form of Styrbjǫrn. Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form s(t)ibi in Ög172: "Gautr and Fastulfr and Bjorn and Hróðsteinn, they raised this stone in memory of Stybbir, their good father." |
NR s.n. StybbiR, Styrbjǫrn |
| StyðingR, StøðingR |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Stødhing (etymology uncertain). Compounded from the suffix -ingR ("descendant, of the lineage of") with either the OW.Norse noun stoð, "support, post," or the OW.Norse noun stóð, "stud of horses" (compare with Stóð-, Stóði). Runic examples include the nominative case forms stRþinkr, [stuþikR] and the accusative case form styþik. |
CV pp. 594, 596 s.v. stoð, stóð; NR s.nn. StyðingR or StøðingR |
| Styfialdr |
Found in Old Swedish in the Latinized form Styfeldus. Compounded from the suffix -aldr (from Germanic *-aðla-). The derivation of the first element is uncertain. Runic examples include the nominative case forms stifatr, styf-altr, tufialtr, the genitive case form stufials and the accusative case forms stufialt, [sty]fialt. |
NR s.n. Styfialdr |
| StyggR |
Found in Old Danish as the by-name Stygg; compare with the OW.Norse feminine by-name Stygg. From the OW.Norse adjective styggr "shy, timid, reserved; unfriendly, introvert." Occurs in the runic nominative case form stikuR, which may instead represent the name StigR, in Og8$: "§A Styggr/Stigr made this monument in memory of Eyvindr, his son. He fell in the east §B with Eyvísl(?). Víkingr coloured and Grímulfr." |
NR s.n. StyggR |
| Stynbjǫrn |
The name-element Styn- (perhaps from OW.Norse stynr "groan") is not well-known except in this name and in the feminine name Stynfríðr, both from runic inscriptions in Oper. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form stynbiar.... A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.n. Stynbiǫrn, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Styrbjǫrn |
For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Styrbjǫrn; FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Styrbjǫrn |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Styrbiorn, occurs in OW.Norse as Styrbjǫrn. The first element Styr- is from OW.Norse styrr "stir, noise, tumult, battle." For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sturbiarn, s(t)ur(b)iarn, styrbiarn, the accusative case forms sterbirn, sti(r)---rn, (s)(t)urb(in)(u)(r)n, [sturbiurn], sty(r)biun and one in which the case is uncertain, [sturbiurn]. A short form of Styrbjǫrn is StybbiR. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
CV pp. 66, 601 s.v. björn, styrr; NR s.n. Styrbiǫrn, Styr-, -biǫrn, StybbiR, Biarni |
| Styrfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Styrvast. For the first element Styr- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form styrfastr. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
CV pp. 145, 601 s.v. fastr, styrr; NR s.nn. Styrfastr, Styr-, -fastr |
| Stýrimaðr |
Found in Old Danish as Styrman and as the by-name Styreman. Found in Old Swedish as the by-names Styreman, Styrman. From the OW.Norse noun stýrimaðr "steersman, helmsman." Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form [stn=urman] in So72+: "Ulfr and raised this stone in memory of their kinsman Stýrimaðr, their husbandman. God, help their souls!" |
CV pp. 407, 602 s.v. maðr, stýra, stýri, stýri-maðr; NR s.nn. Stýrimaðr, Stýr- |
| Styrkárr |
Found in Old Danish and Old Swedish as Styrkar, occurs in OW.Norse as Styrkárr. The first element, Styr- is from OW.Norse noun styrr "stir, noise, tumult, battle." For the second element -kárr see above. This name is found in Þórsteins þáttr uxafóts ch. 3 (Styrkárr Eindriðason Hreiðarssonar); Gull-Þóris saga ch. 1 (Styrkárr); Saga Inga konungs og bræðra hans ch. 7 (Styrkárr); Ólafs saga Tryggvasonar ch. 40 (Styrkárr af Gimsum). Runic examples include the nominative case forms sterkar, [sterkar], styrkar and the accusative case forms sterkar, [styrkar]. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Styrkárr; NR s.nn. Styrkárr, Styr-, -kárr |
| StyrlakR |
Compare with Old Swedish Storlach (one example from Västergotland). For the first element Styr- see above. For the second element -lakR see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case forms stur-akR, or this may instead refer to the masculine name StyrlaugR. |
FJ p. 342 s.n. -leikr; CV pp. 382-383, 601 s.v. leika, leikr, styrr; NR s.nn. StyrlakR, StyrlaugR, Styr-, -læikR/-lakR |
| StyrlaugR |
Found in Old Swedish as Styrløgh and in OW.Norse as Styrlaugr. For the first element Styr- see above. For the second element -laugr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms stur-akR, styrlaugR. |
CV pp. 374, 601 s.v. laug def. IV and styrr; NR s.nn. StyrlaugR, Styr-, -laugR |
| Styrmir |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Styrmir |
| Styrr |
Found in Old Danish as Styr. Found as both a personal name and a by-name in Old Swedish as Styr and in OW.Norse as Styrr. From OW.Norse styrr "stir, noise, tumult, battle." Runic examples include the nominative case form styr and the accusative case form styr. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Styrr; CV pp. 601 s.v. styrr; NR s.n. Styrr, -styrr |
| Súlki |
Found in Old Danish as Sulki and in OW.Norse as Súlki. Formed with the diminutive suffix -ki attached to the Old Danish masculine name Súla or directly to the OW.Norse by-name súla "post." Occurs in the runic genitive case form sulka. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Súlki; NR s.n. Súlki |
| Sumarliði |
Found in OW.Norse as Sumarliði. Compounded from OW.Norse sumar(r) "summer" and -liði, "one who goes, one who fares," hence "summer-farer." Occurs in the runic nominative case form sumarleþi (3 instances). |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sumarliði; NR s.n. Sumarliði |
| Sunnhvatr |
The first element Sunn- is from OW.Norse sunna "sun." For the second element -hvatr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form sunatr. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -hvatr; CV pp. 297, 605 s.v. hvatr, sunna; NR s.nn. Sunnhvatr, Sunn-, -hvatr |
| Sunnólfr |
For the first element Sunn- see above. For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sunnólfr; CV pp. 605, 668 s.v. sunna, úlfr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; NR s.nn. Sunn-, -ulfR |
| Sunnviðr |
Perhaps found in Old Swedish as Sunvidh (one example from Ostergotland). For the first element Sunn- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form sunui(þ)rR. |
FJ p. 352 s.n. -viðr; CV pp. 605, 703-704 s.v. sunna, viðr; NR s.nn. Sunnviðr, Sunn-, -viðr |
| Surtr |
Related to OW.Norse svartr, "black." Surtr appears in the legendary materials as the name of the world-destroying fire-giant of Ragnarok. Appears as a human personal name in Landnámabók in ch 38 for Surtr Bollason, chs. 46 and 85 for Surtr Þórsteinsson, and ch. 87 for Surtr inn hvíta Steinsson. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Surtr; CV p. 605, 607 s.v. Surtr, svartr |
| Sútari |
Found in Old Swedish as Sutare (also found as a by-name), in Old Danish as the by-name Sutere, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Sútari. From OW.Norse sútari "shoe-maker." Occurs in the runic nominative case form [su]tari. |
NR s.n. Sútari |
| SvæiniR |
Derived from the masculine name Sveinn or from the same root-word. Runic examples include the accusative case forms su(in)ni, [suini]. |
CV p. 608 s.v. sveinn; NR s.n. SvæiniR |
| Sváfa |
Sváfa is an Old Norse name from the Danelaw. Compare with Old Danish Swavi (found as a by-name Swave). Derived from the name of the people or nation *swaba- "Swabian, from Schwaben." Occurs in the runic nominative case form suafa. |
NR s.nn. Sváfa |
| Svanr |
This name is related to Old Icelandic svanr, "swan", and is found in both Landnámabók and in Hyndluljóð. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Svanr; CV pp. 606 s.v. svanr |
| Svaraldr |
Found in Old Swedish as Svarald (one example from Härjedalen). Compounded from the suffix -aldr (from Germanic *-aðla-). The first element may be from the OW.Norse verb svara "to answer." Occurs in the runic nominative case form suara--r. |
NR s.nn. Svaraldr |
| Svarðkell |
For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Svarðkell; FJ p. 349 s.n. -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Svartabrandr |
Old Norse name from the Danelaw. The first element is from the OW.Norse adjective svartr "swarthy, black." For the second element -brandr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form suartabrat. |
FJ pp. 346, 348 s.n. Svart-, -brandr; CV pp. 76, 607 s.n. brandr, svartr; NR s.nn. Svartabrandr, Svart-, -brandrNR s.nn. |
| Svartgeirr |
Old Norse name from the Danelaw. The first element is from the OW.Norse adjective svartr "swarthy, black." For the second element -geirr see above. See also the name Sørkvir. |
FJ pp. 346, 349 s.n. Svart-, -geirr; CV pp. 196, 607 s.n. geirr, svartr; NR s.nn. SvartgæiRR, Svart-, -gæiRR |
| Svarthofði |
Found in Old Danish as Swarthofthi and in OW.Norse as Svarthofði. Compounded from the OW.Norse adjective svartr "swarthy, black" and the second element -hofði see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms sarthuþ[ihi], suarthaufþi, suarthofþi, suartufþi, suathafþi, the genitive case form suarthaufþa, and the accusative case forms [suar×aufþa], suartaþa, suartau(a), [suartaufþa], [suarthafþ(a)], suarthaf-..., [suart×haufþa], suarthþa, [suarth...], suartufþa, [s-ar-(h)(a)ufþ]a. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Svarthofði; FJ p. 346, 351 s.nn. Svart-, -hofði; CV pp. 306, 607 s.n. hofði, svartr; NR s.nn. Svarthofði, Svart-, -hofði |
| Svarti |
Found in Old Swedish as both the personal name and the by-name Svarte. Found as by-names in Old Danish as Swarte and in OW.Norse as Svarti. From the OW.Norse adjective svartr "swarthy, black." Occurs in the runic accusative case form sarta. |
CV p. 306 s.v. svartr; NR s.n. Svarti |
| Svartr |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Swart, in Old Swedish as Svart, and in OW.Norse as Svartr. From the OW.Norse adjective svartr "swarthy, black." Runic examples include the nominative case form sartr and the accusative case form su[art]. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Svartr; FJ pp. 346 s.n. Svart-; CV p. 306 s.v. svartr; NR s.n. Svartr |
| SvartungR |
Compare with the OW.Norse by-name Svertungr. Derived from the OW.Norse adjective svartr "swarthy, black" and the OW.Norse adjective ungr "young." Occurs in the runic accusative case form suar[t]unk. |
CV p. 306 s.v. svartr; NR s.nn. SvartungR, Svart- |
| Svávarr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Svávarr |
| Sveina |
Possibly derived from OW.Norse sveinn "young man." Runic examples include the accusative case forms sueinu, [sueinu], found referring to the same individual in inscriptions Ol5{3}, "These brothers had the stones raised in memory of their mother, Randvé, and in memory of their brother, Sveina" and Ol6, "... the stones in memory of Sveina, her husband." |
CV p. 608 s.v. sveinn; NR s.n. Svæina |
| Sveinaldi |
Compounded from the suffix -aldi (from Germanic *-aðlan-); and the OW.Norse noun sveinn "young man." Occurs in the runic nominative case form suainalti in the inscription So7: "Sveinaldi and Sveinungr and Ási/Gási and Gás, they had the stone raised in memory of Bjorn, their capable father. May God and God's mother help his spirit." |
CV p. 608 s.v. sveinn; NR s.n. Svæinaldi |
| Sveinaldr |
Found in Old Swedish as Svenald. Compounded from the suffix -aldi (from Germanic *-aðlan-); and the OW.Norse noun sveinn "young man." Occurs in the runic nominative case form suainal[tr] in the inscription Ög100: "Sveinn and Sveinaldr raised ... ... ... ... father ...". |
NR s.nn. Svæinaldr |
| Sveinbjǫrn |
For the first element Svein- see -sveinn above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sveinbjǫrn; FJ pp. 346, 348, 351 s.n. Svein-, -sveinn, -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn.
-biǫrn, Biarni |
| Sveingeirr |
The first element Svein- is from the OW.Norse noun sveinn "young man." For the second element -geirr see above. This name occurs in the runic nominative case forms suenkinR, however the i-rune is added outside the inscription band, thus a reading of sueninkR, interpreted as SvæiningR (compare with the ordinary Old Danish Swening), is possible as well. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV pp. 196, 608 s.v. geirr, sveinn; NR s.nn. SvæingæiRR, Svæin-, -gæiRR |
| Sveinki |
Found in Old Danish as Swenki, in Old Swedish as Svenke, and in OW.Norse as Sveinki. A by-name with the -k-suffix added to Sveinn or a name from Svein-, -sveinn. Occurs in the runic nominative case form soenki in the inscription N260: "§A Sveinki raised this stone §B in memory of Þróndr, his brother." |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sveinki; FJ p. 351 s.n. Svein-; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV p. 608 s.v. sveinn, Sveinki; NR s.n. Svæinki, Svæin- |
| Sveinn |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish as Swen, in Old Swedish as Sven, and in OW.Norse as Sveinn. From the OW.Norse noun sveinn "young man." Forms of this name were common in Norway from the 10th century on. This was a very popular name and is recorded in a large number of runic inscriptions, including the nominative case forms n=sa=u=kain=fa, saen, sai(n), san, sen, sin (3 instances), siuta, suaen, suain (25 instances), sua(in)n, su[ai]n, [su]ain, [suain] (8 instances), sua[in]..., suan, suein (9 instances), (s)(u)ein, [suein], suen (4 instances), [suen], suin (23 instances), [suin] (5 instances), the genitive case forms suais, suins (3 instances), suin(s), [suins], uis and the accusative case forms sin, suain (13 instances) su[ain], [suain] (4 instances), suein (4 instances), [su]ein, suen (3 instances), [suen], suil, suin (14 instances), [suin] (4 instances), (s)u(in)..., [sun]. Diminuitive forms of this name iinclude Sveinungr and Sveinki. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sveinn; FJ pp. 276-282, 351 s.n. Sveinn, Svein-; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV p. 608 s.v. sveinn; NR s.n. Svæinn |
| Sveinungr |
Found in Old Swedish as Svenung and in OW.Norse Sveinungr (also found as a by-name); compare with Old Danish Swening, Old Swedish Svening. A diminuitive form of the OW.Norse sveinn "young man." Runic examples include the nominative case forms suainunkR, suiunkR and the accusative case form suinuk. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sveinungr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. Svein-; CV p. 608 s.v. sveinn, Sveinungr; NR s.n. SvæinungR |
| Svellr |
From the OW.Norse adjective svellr "arrogant, proud." Occurs in the runic accusative case form suil, which may instead represent the masculine name Sveinn. |
NR s.n. Svællr |
| Sverri |
Weak side-form of OW.Norse Sverrir, related to the Norwegian dialect word sverra "to whirl, spin around." Runic examples include the accusative case forms suera, [suira]. |
NR s.n. Sværri |
| Sverrir |
Related to the Norwegian dialect word sverra "to whirl, spin around." |
GB p. 15 s.n. Sverrir; NR s.n. Sværri |
| Svertingr |
Found in Old Danish as Swerting (also found as a by-name), in OW.Norse as Svertingr, and in Old Swedish as the by-name Sværting. Derived from the OW.Norse adjective svartr "swarthy, black." Runic examples include the nominative case forms suertikr, [suirtikr] and the accusative case form sua=rtik. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Svertingr; CV p. 607 s.v. svartr; NR s.n. SværtingR |
| Sviðbalki |
Found in OW.Norse as the by-name Sviðbalki. Compounded from the OW.Norse verb svíða "to singe, to burn" and the OW.Norse noun *balki "beam, balk, timber," perhaps in the sense of "one who burns wood." Occurs in the runic accusative case form syiþbalka in the inscription So187: "Þórðr and Brúni and Tíðkumi, they had this stone raised in memory of Sviðbalki, their father. May God help his soul." |
CV p. 612 s.v. svíða; NR s.n. Sviðbalki |
| Svipdagr |
The second element -dagr is identical to Old Icelandic dagr, "day". |
GB p. 15 s.n. Svipdagr; FJ p. 348 s.n. -dagr; CV pp. 94-95 s.v. dagr |
| Sylfa |
Found in Old Danish as Sylfa. This masculine name is of uncertain etymology. Runic examples include the nominative case forms s(u)[lfa], [sulfa], sylfa and the accusative case forms sulfu, [sulfu]. |
NR s.n. Sylfa |
| Syrkell, Sørkell |
Found in Old Swedish as Sværkil. From *Svartkætill. The first element is from the OW.Norse adjective svartr "swarthy, black." For the second element -ketill see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form syrkil in the inscription U22: "Úlfr and Vékell and Syrkell/Sørkell, they ... this stone in memory of ... their father. May God help (his) spirit." |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -ketill; CV pp. 337-338, 607 s.v. ketill, svartr; NR s.nn. Syrkæll/Sørkæll |
| Syvurr |
Possibly from *Sigi-waruR. For the first element Sig- see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form [sufur] in the inscription Ög16: "Syvurr raised ... ... ... ... his brother." |
NR s.n. Syvurr |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Taðkr |
Celtic |
GB p. 15 s.n. Taðkr |
| Taf |
From a word related to the OW.Norse by-name Tafi, Nynorsk tave "slowcoach, dawdler, sluggish man," Modern Icelandic tafi m., tof f. "prevented, restrained, detained." Occurs in the runic nominative case form taf in the inscription VsFv1988;36$: "Taf had this stone raised in memory of Grímmundr. The son of Viðfastr travelled to the east. Ulfr and Vébjǫrn ... Ketilas(?) made the bridge at ..." |
NR s.n. Taf |
| Tafæistr |
Found in Old Swedish by-name Tavast. From Old Swedish tavaster "inhabitant in Tavastland" (which is also found as a by-name). Runic examples include the nominative case forms tafaistr, tafeist-. |
NR s.n. Tafæistr |
| Tanni |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Tanni |
| Tannr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Tannr |
| Tarr, Tárr, TáR |
This name is known from one runic inscription, the nominative case form tar, found in So19$: "Tarr/Tárr/TáR had this stone raised in memory of Ketilhofði, his father, a good husbandman. May God help his spirit." The runic spelling may indicate Tarr, Tárr, or TáR. If the name is Tarr, it is from OW.Norse *tarr, found in OW.Norse svíntarr "boar." If this name represents Tárr, it would derive from OW.Norse tár "tear, tear-drop." Or, if the name is TáR, it would be from an adjective *táR "tough, resistant, enduring" related to O.Engl. tóh, OH.Germ. záhi "tough, resistant, enduring". |
NR s.nn. Tarr, Tárr, TáR |
| Tasaldi |
|
GB p. 15 s.nn. Tasaldi |
| Tassi |
Found in OW.Norse as Tassi. From *Tað-si or *Tadd-si (compare with OW.Norse tað "manure, dung" and the Norwegian dialect word tadd "little squashed figure"). Occurs in the runic nominative case form [tasR] in U93: "Sigfastr and Tassi and Onundr(?), they had (the stone raised) in memory of Þórsteinn." |
GB p. 15 s.nn. Tassi; CV p. 621 s.v. tað; NR s.n. Tassi |
| Tati, Tatti |
Found in Old Danish as Tati and in Old Swedish as the by-name Tate. May have its origins in a children's word for "father." Runic examples include the nominative case form tati and the accusative case form tata. |
NR s.nn. Tati/Tatti |
| Teitr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Teitr |
| Tíðkumi |
Compounded from OW.Norse tíð "time" with the OW.Norse verb koma "to come, to arrive", corresponding to name elements found in OH.Germ. and O.Engl. Runic examples include the nominative case forms tiþkum, tiþkumi (3 instances), t(in)[þk]umi, t[iþk]umi, ti[þkumi], [tiþkumi], ---kumi and the accusative case forms (t)iþkuma, ti(þ)(k)uma. Seven of these inscriptions refer to the same person. |
CV pp. 348-350, 633 s.v. koma, tíð; NR s.n. Tíðkumi |
| Tindr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Tindr |
| Tjorvi |
Found in OW.Norse as Tjorvi (also found as a by-name). Derived from OW.Norse tjara (from *tjorva and *terw-) "tar." Runic examples include the nominative case forms tiarui, tirui and the accusative case form tia. |
GB p. 15 s.nn. Tjorvi; CV p. 635 s.v. tjara; NR s.n. Tiarvi |
| Tófi |
Found in Old Danish as Tovi or Tuvi; occurs in Old Swedish as Tove or Tuve; and found in OW.Norse as Tófi. This name represents a short form of the names Þórfastr or Þórfreðr. Runic examples include the nominative case forms tofi, tufi (9 instances), -ofi, [...ofi], the genitive case form (t)u-a[s] and the accusative case forms [tofa], tufa (7 instances), tuf(a). |
GB p. 15 s.n. Tófi; NR s.nn. Tófi/Túfi |
| Tóki, Túki, Týki |
Found in Old Danish as Toki (Tokki), Tuki, Tyki; in Old Swedish as Toke, Tuke, Tyke; and found in OW.Norse as Tóki. This name may be a short form of Þórkell, Þórketill or a compound with the -ki suffix and a name in Þór-. Týki could also be formed by adding the -ia- suffix (*TúkiaR). Runic examples include the nominative case forms toki, tuki (18 instances), (t)uki, [tuki], tyki, -u(k)in, the genitive case forms tuka (4 instances), (t)u-a[s], the dative forms tuka, (t)(u)(k)(a) and the accusative forms toka, [toki], tuk, tuka (11 instances), t(u)ka, [tuka], tuki. The Cleasby-Vígfusson dictionary relates the name Tóki to Swedish toket, "silly, idiotic" and gives the meaning of the name as "a simpleton." This source also mentions that this name became Latinized as Tycho, for instance in the name Tycho Brahe, and says the name is connected with the ancient tale of the master-archer, found in Switzerland as William Tell. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Tóki; CV p. 638 s.v. Tóki; NR s.nn. Tóki/Túki/Týki, Þórkæ(ti)ll, Þór-/Þúr-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Tóli |
Found in Old Danish as Toli, Tuli; occurs in Old Swedish as Tole; and in OW.Norse as Tóli. A short form of names such as ÞórlaugR, ÞórleifR, Þórleikr. Runic examples include the nominative case forms toli, tuli, tul(in), (t)(u)(l)in. |
NR s.nn. Tóli/Túli, Þór-/Þúr- |
| TóliR |
This name may possibly occur in Old Danish as Tulir, and perhaps in Old Swedish in the Latinized form Thulerus. This name represents either a short form of Þórleifr or is compounded with the -ia- suffix. Runic examples include the nominative case forms toliR, tuliR, tu-iR, þulkR and the accusative case forms [toli], tuli, tu[li]. |
NR s.nn. TóliR (TúliR?), ÞórlæifR/-lafR, Þór-/Þúr-, -læifR/-lafR |
| Tómas |
Christian, Thomas |
GB p. 15 s.n. Tómas |
| Torfi |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Torfi |
| Torráðr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Torráðr |
| Tortryggr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Tortryggr; CV p. 643 s.v. tryggr |
| Tósti |
Found in Old Danish as Tosti, in Old Swedish as Toste, and in OW.Norse as Tósti. A short form of Þórsteinn. Runic examples include the nominative case forms tosti, [tosti], tusti (6 instances), tu(s)(t)in, t[(u)(s)]ti, [tusti], -usti, (-)usti, the genitive form tusta and the accusative forms tosta, tos(t)a, tusa, tusta (4 instances), [tusta], tu-ta. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Tósti; NR s.nn. Tosti, Þórstæinn, Þór-/Þúr-, -stæinn |
| Tóti, Totti |
Found in Old Danish as Toti, may be found in Old Swedish as Tote (represented by one example from Jämtland) or Totte. A short form of Þórsteinn. Occurs in the runic accusative case form tuta in the inscription Sm98: "placed this stone in memory of Tóti, son ... Gautr's brother." |
NR s.nn. Tóti/Totti, Þórstæinn, Þór-/Þúr-, -stæinn |
| Trani |
Occurs in OW.Norse as Trani, the name of a fictional character, also found as a by-name; compare with the Old Danish and Old Swedish by-name Trana. From OW.Norse trani "crane, large waterfowl from the family Gruidae". Occurs in the runic nominative case form trani in the inscription U186: "Trani and Ásbjǫrn, they had this stone raised in memory of Jargeirr, their good father." In the sagas, appears as a personal name in Orvar-Odds saga ch. 14 and as the byname of Þórkell trani in Droplaugarsona saga and Fljótsdæla saga. |
NR s.n. Trani |
| Trausti |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Trausti |
| Trjónn |
Found in Old Jämtland as Trion. From OW.Norse *trjónn (compare with Faroese trónur "nose, snout") or formed from OW.Norse trjóna "nose, snout". Occurs in the runic nominative case form triun/(t)riun in the inscription JRS1928;66$: "Austmaðr, Gudhfastr's son had this stone raised and this bridge made and he had Jämtland Christianized. Ásbjǫrn made the bridge, Trjónn and Steinn carved these runes." |
CV p. 641 s.v. trjóna; NR s.n. Triúnn |
| TryggR |
Found in OW.Norse as Tryggr. From the OW.Norse adjective tryggr "trusty, faithful, reliable." Occurs in the runic accusative case form [tryk] in the inscription U952: "Andsvarr had the stone raised in memory of Tryggr, his son; Áskell and Stóðkell the Old erected in memory of Stóðbjǫrn, their father." |
CV p. 643 s.v. tryggr; NR s.n. TryggR |
| TryggulfR |
Occurs as a Scandinavian name in England. For the first element Trygg- see above. The second element may be -ulfR (see above), or the runic evidence may reflect the masculine name UlfR prefixed with a by-name. Occurs in the runic accusative case form trykulf in the inscription SmSVS1973;4: "Geirmundr had this monument made in memory of Auðelfr and Varinn; Vénjótr in memory of Tryggulfr, his father. May God help their spirits." |
CV p. 643 s.v. tryggr; NR s.nn. TryggulfR/Trygg-UlfR, TryggR, UlfR, -ulfR |
| Tryggvi |
Found both as a personal name and as a by-name in Old Danish and OW.Norse as Tryggi. Occurs in Old Swedish as Trygge. From the OW.Norse adjective tryggr "trusty, faithful, reliable" or, as as a personal name, from a short form of Sigtryggr. Occurs in the runic nominative case form truki in the inscription Vg130: "Guðmundr raised this stone in memory of Áskell, his brother, a very good valiant man. Tryggvi(?) cut(?)." |
GB p. 15 s.n. Tryggvi; CV p. 643 s.v. tryggr; NR s.nn. Tryggvi, TryggR, SigtryggR |
| Tubbi |
Found in Old Swedish as Tobbe, and in both Old Danish and OW.Norse as Tubbi. A short form of the name Þórbjǫrn. Runic examples include the nominative case form tubi (3 instances) and the accusative case form tuba (3 instances). |
NR s.nn. Tobbi/Tubbi, Þórbiǫrn, Þór-/Þúr-, -biǫrn |
| TulkR, TolkR |
Possibly from a name with the meaning "stick, branch," equivalent to an older Danish term or modern Swedish "a measuring tool". Occurs in the runic nominative case form tulkr in the inscription DRAUD1989;222V: "TulkR/TolkR carved." |
NR s.nn. TulkR/TolkR |
| Tumi |
Occurs in both Old Danish and OW.Norse as Tumi. Nordiskt runnamnslexikon shows this name as a short form of names such as Þórmóðr or Þórmundr. The Cleasby-Vígfusson dictionary says that Tumi is a diminuitive form of the Christian name Thomas, appearing in Iceland ca. the mid 1200's, and that it is thought to have been borrowed from English (Tommy). Runic examples include the nominative case forms tumi (4 instances), (t)umi, the genitive case form tumo and the accusative case forms tuma (4 instances), [tumi], tumo, tum.... |
GB p. 15 s.n. Tumi; CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"NR s.nn. Tómi/Túmi/Tummi, Þór-/Þúr- |
| Túni, Tunni |
Found in Old Swedish as Tune and in Old Danish as Tuni. Perhaps a short form of Þórniútr? Occurs in the runic genitive case form [t]una in the inscription Og240: "Ketill laid this vault ... his ... May God help Tunni's/Tonni's soul." |
NR s.nn. Túni/Tunni |
| Tveggi |
This name appears in OW.Norse mythology as Tveggi, a name of the god Óðinn (found in Voluspá and also in Egil Skallagrímsson's poem Sonatorrek). From OW.Norse tveggja, the genitive case of tveir "two"; with the sense of "the double." May occur as a human personal name in the runic genitive case form t(u)e(g)ia in DR62: "Freysteinn placed this stone in memory of Gyrðr, his comrade, Sigvaldi's brother, ... ... Tveggi's(?) on ... the isthmus/ heath" May also occur as either the dative or accusative case form tuika in the inscription DR98: "Tófa raised this stone in memory of Tum[i], her husband, a good thegn. He ... ... Tveggi Whetstone." |
NR s.n. Tvæggi |
| Tyrfingr |
This name appears to be compounded from OW.Norse tyrfi, "resinous fir-tree; fatwood" and the suffix -ingr. Tyrfingr is the name of the magical sword in Hervarar saga ok Heidreks, because the sword was said to flame like a resinous wood torch. Landnámabók ch. 85 has the name in use as a human personal name, for Tyrfingr Tyrfingsson. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Tyrfingr; CV p. 646 s.v. tyrfi, Tyrfingr |
| Tyrvi |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Tyrvi; CV p. 646 s.v. tyrfi, tyrvi-tré |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Ubbi |
Found in Old Danish as Ubbi (also found as a by-name). Occurs in Old Swedish as Ubbe or Obbe. Found in OW.Norse as the fictional character name Ubbi. This name is perhaps a by-name based on Úlfr. This name is also connected with OW.Norse úfr (from *úb-) "unfriendly." Occurs in the runic nominative case form ubi. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Ubbi; NR s.n. Ubbi |
| Úbeinn |
Scandinavian name from the Danelaw, corresponding to Middle English Ubaine, Unbein etc., From the OW.Norse adjective úbeinn "askew; wrong, distorted." Occurs in the runic nominative case form ubein. |
NR s.n. Óbæinn |
| Uðr |
Appears in the Eddas as a son of Night. |
CV pp. 648 s.v. Uðr |
| Uffi |
Found in Old Danish as Uffi and in Old Swedish as Offe, Uffe. From West Germanic loan-words. A short form of names in (W)ulf-/-ulf, -olf (Ulf-, -ulfR). Occurs in the runic nominative case form ufi. |
NR s.n. Uffi |
| Uggi |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Uggi |
| UggR |
Compare with Old Swedish Ugge, OW.Norse Uggi (found as a by-name) Perhaps from the OW.Norse verb ugga "to fear." Occurs in the runic genitive case form uks in the runic inscription U1146, "Ráðúlfr and Fundinn and Onundr, the brothers erected this stone in memory of Kári the Eloquent, their father, the son of Uggr of Svanabyr." |
NR s.n. UggR |
| Úlfarr |
The first element Úlf- is identical to Old Icelandic úlfr, "wolf". Here the second element -arr is derived from either *harjaR, Old Icelandic herr, "army, warrior" or from *gaiRaR, Old Icelandic geirr, "spear". |
GB p. 15 s.n. Úlfarr; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.nn. Ulf-, -arr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. -ulfR, -arr |
| Úlfgeirr |
Found in Old Danish as Ulfger and in OW.Norse as Úlfgeirr. For the first element Úlf- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms ulfua(in)r and ulfkair. |
NR s.nn. UlfgæiRR, Ulf-, -gæiRR |
| Úlfheðinn |
Found in Old Swedish as Ulfhidhin and in OW.Norse as Úlfheðinn. For the first element Úlf- see above. For the second element -heðinn see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form ul(f)hiþin in the inscription So307$, "Úlfheðinn and ... ... they raised this stone in memory of Þórsteinn, their father." The Old Norse term úlfheðinn as a common noun is also used to refer to the "wolf-skins" or berserker warriors. |
CV p. 668 s.v. úlfheðinn; NR s.nn. Ulfheðinn/-hiðinn, Ulf-, -heðinn/-hiðinn |
| Úlfhvatr |
Found in OW.Norse as Úlfhvatr. For the first element Úlf- see above. For the second element -hvatr see above. May occur in the runic nominative case form ulfua(in)r, or this may instead represent the name Úlfgeirr or Úlfvaldr. |
NR s.nn. Ulfhvatr, Ulf-, -hvatr, UlfgæiRR, Ulfvaldr |
| Ulfied |
Found in Old Danish as Ulfiat. Derived from an English name, Old English Wulfgéat, Middle English Wluiet. Runic examples include the nominative case form ulfied and the genitive case form ulfieds. |
NR s.n. Ulfied |
| Úlfkell, Úlfketill |
Found in Old Danish as Ulfkil and in OW.Norse as Úlfkell. For the first element Úlf- see above. For the second element -kell or -ketill see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms ulfkil (3 instances), ulfkitil, ulkil (6 instances), u(l)kil, u(l)[k]il, ulkiul, uoilulfkel, ulfkitil. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Úlfkell; FJ pp. 347, 349 s.nn. Ulf-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338, 668 s.v. ketill, úlfr; NR s.nn. Ulfkæ(ti)ll, Ulf-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Úlfljótr |
For the first element Úlf- see above. For the second element -ljótr see above. Found in OW.Norse as Úlfljótr. May occur in the runic accusative case form u(l)f(l)iu(t) in the inscription N449, "Þórir and Hallvarðr raised this stone in memory of Úlfljótr(?)... Christianity had been twelve winters in Norway ..." |
GB p. 15 s.n. Úlfljótr; FJ pp. 347, 350 s.nn. Ulf-, -ljótr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. Ulfliútr |
| Úlfnaðr |
For the first element Úlf- see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Úlfnaðr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Ulf-; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Úlfrekr |
Found in Old Danish as Ulfrik and in OW.Norse as Úlfrekr. For the first element Úlf- see above. For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms [ulfrikr], [ulf(r)k(r)] and the accusative case form ulfrik. |
NR s.nn. UlfríkR, Ulf-, -ríkR |
| Úlfr |
Found in Old Danish as Ulf (found as a by-name). Occurs in Old Swedish as Olf, Ulf, and as the by-name Ulv). Found in OW.Norse in the form Úlfr, both as a personal name and as a by-name. From OW.Norse ulfr, "wolf." Runic examples include the nominative case forms hulfr (3 instances), lfR, [ua=lfir], ufR, ulf (5 instances), ulfr (24 instances), ulfR (10 instances), ulf=ui and genitive case form ulfs (7 instances, the dative case forms lfi, ulfi, and the accusative case form uf, ulf (27 instances). |
GB p. 15 s.n. Úlfr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Ulf-; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. UlfR |
| Úlfvaldr |
For the first element Úlf- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. May occur in the runic nominative case form ulfua(in)r, or this may instead represent the name Úlfgeirr or Úlfhvatr. |
NR s.nn. Ulfvaldr, Ulf-, -valdr, UlfgæiRR, Ulfhvatr |
| Úlfvarinn |
For the first element Úlf- see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Úlfvarinn; FJ p. 347 s.n. Ulf-; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Úlfviðr |
Found in Old Swedish as Ulfvidh and in OW.Norse as Úlfviðr. For the first element Úlf- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form ulfuiþ in the inscription So88$, "Steinn, Fastulfr (and) Herjúlfr raised this stone in memory of Gelfr, their father, and in memory of Úlfviðr, Gelfr's brother. Holmlaug's able sons made the monument." |
NR s.nn. Ulfviðr, Ulf-, -viðr |
| Uni, Unni |
Occurs in Old Danish as Uni, Unni; found in Old Swedish as Une, Unne; and found in OW.Norse as Uni. The runic examples should probably be interpreted as Uni, from the OW.Norse verb una "to enjoy, be happy with, be content." Runic examples include the nominative case forms uni (3 instances), unin, the genitive case form una, and the accusative case form una. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Uni; FJ p. 146 s.n. Hunni; NR s.nn. Uni or Unni |
| UniR |
Possibly formed from the OW.Norse verb una "to enjoy, be happy with, be content." Occurs in the runic nominative case form uniR in the inscription M10, "Unir, Karl and Áni erected this stone in memory of ... their." |
NR s.n. UniR |
| Unr |
Found in OW.Norse as the name Unr. Formed from the OW.Norse verb una "to enjoy, be happy with, be content." Runic examples include the nominative case forms un (4 instances), the genitive form unaR, and the accusative form un (4 instances). |
NR s.n. Unn |
| Unnketill |
A hypothetical form postulated from Anglo-Scandinavian place-name evidence. See Húnketill, above. For the second element -ketill see above. |
FJ pp. 146, 344, 349 s.nn. *Húnketill, Hún-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. -kæ(ti)ll |
| Unnarr |
Found in OW.Norse as the name of the fictional character Unnarr. The first element Unn- is from the stem in the OW.Norse verb unna "to love" or from OW.Norse unnr (from *unþi-) "to wave, billow, roll, undulate." Also compare with Continental Germanic names in Und-, Unt-. For the second element -arr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form [un(o)r] in the inscription DR323+P, "§P In memory of Unnarr shall stand the ... §Q ... in memory of Gunnarr. Ever shall stand (the) st[one] ..." |
NR s.nn. Unnarr, Unn-, -arr |
| Unnúlfr |
Found in Old Swedish as Unnolf and in OW.Norse as Unnúlfr. For the first element Unn- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms unulfr, [unu...r]rnulfu. |
NR s.nn. UnnulfR, Unn-, -ulfR |
| Unnvaldr |
For the first element Unn- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form unua(l)(t) in the Gotlandic inscription G80, "Bótulfr ... had the stone ... has granted(?) these monuments(?) to Unnvaldr(?) ... his soul." |
NR s.nn. Unnvaldr, Unn-, -valdr |
| Útlagi |
From OW.Norse útlagi "outlaw." Runic examples include the nominative case forms utlaki in the inscription Vg62, "Útlagi raised this stone in memory of Eyvindr, a very good Thegn." and [utþaki] in the inscription Sm103+, "Útlagi(?) placed this stone in memory of Sveinn(?)..." |
NR s.n. Útlagi |
| Útryggr |
"Not faithful." |
CV p. 643 s.v. tryggr; NR s.n. Ótryggi |
| Uxi |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Uxi |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Vaði |
Found in OW.Norse as Vaði. Formed from the OW.Norse verb vaða "wade". Occurs in the runic nominative case form wAþ- in the inscription DR356$, "Vað[i] wrought [in memory of] Ásmundr, his son." |
GB p. 15 s.n. Vaði; NR s.n. Vaði |
| Væni |
This name is found as a by-name in Old Danish as Wæne, in Old Swedish as Væne, and in OW.Norse as Væni. From the OW.Norse adjective vænn "one who is promising, likely to succeed, beautiful". Occurs as a personal name in the runic nominative case form uani, for example in the inscription U851, "Væni and Sigríðr ... this in memory of Ernfríðr and Frey-..." |
NR s.n. Væni |
| VæringR |
The singular form of the OW.Norse plural noun væringjar "Varangians, members of the Byzantine Varangian Guard". Occurs in the runic nominative form uirikR in the inscription Ög111$, "Væringr raised the stone in memory of Þjalfi, his brother, the valiant man who was with Knútr." Also found in the runic genitive form uereks in Og68$, "Sveina made this bridge in memory of Eyvindr, his brother. He died in the west on Væringr's cargo-ship." |
NR s.n. VæringR |
| Vafri |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Vafri. Formed from the OW.Norse verb vafra "to wander about, walk hither and thither, to totter". Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form uafra in the inscription U354, "Gullaug and Holma had this stone raised in memory of Sveinn, their brother, Vafri's heir. May God and God's mother help his spirit" and may also appear in the runic accusative form [uakra]. |
NR s.n. Vafri |
| Vagn |
Occurs in Old Danish as Waghn (found as a by-name), in Old Swedish as Vaghn (found as a by-name), and in OW.Norse as Vagn. From OW.Norse vagn "wagon, cart, wain". May occur in the runic accusative case form ruakn. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Vagn; NR s.n. Vagn |
| Vakr |
This name appears in Hrana saga hrings and is also used as one of the by-names of the god Óðinn in Gylfaginning, where it means "the watchful; the vigilant." |
GB p. 15 s.n. Vakr |
| Vakri |
Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Vakre. From the OW.Norse adjective vakr "wakeful, watchful, alert". May appear in the runic accusative form [uakra]. |
NR s.n. Vakri |
| Valbjǫrn |
The first element Val- is of uncertain origin. It may come from Primitive Germanic *walha-, meaning "Celtic, Welsh, foreign" or Primitive Germanic *wala-, Old Icelandic valr "the dead on a battlefield". For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Valbjǫrn; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.nn. Val-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 675, 676 s.v. björn, Valir, valr; NR s.nn. -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Valbrandr |
For the first element Val- see above. For the second element -brandr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Valbrandr; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.n. Val-, -brandr; CV pp. 76, 675, 676 s.v. brandr, Valir, valr |
| Valdi |
Valdr and the weaker form Valdi- is from Old Icelandic valdr, "ruler". Valdi is also found as a diminuitive form of Þórvaldr. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Valdi; FJ p. 351 s.n. -valdr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. -valdi, -valdr |
| Valdimárr |
For the first element Vald- see above. For the second element -márr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Valdimárr; FJ pp. 350, 351 s.n. -marr, -valdr; CV pp. 418, 443, 675 s.v. -már, mærr, valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. -valdi, -valdr |
| ValdríkR |
Found in Old Danish as Walderik. The first element Vald- is from the OW.Norse verb valda "to rule" (this name-element is common in Continental Germanic). For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form ualtrikr Ög56 from Ostergotland, Sweden, which reads "ValdríkR laid this stone ..." |
NR s.nn. ValdríkR, Vald-, -ríkR |
| Váli |
This name occurs in OW.Norse as Váli (also found as a by-name), and as bynames in Old Danish as Wale and Old Swedish as Vale (etymology uncertain). Derived from Germanic *walha- "foreigner". Occurs in the runic genitive case form uala in the inscription N29, "Finnr and Skopti, Váli's sons, they raised this stone when they divided their land(ed property)." |
NR s.n. Váli |
| Valgarðr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Valgarðr |
| Valgautr |
For the second element -gautr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Valgautr; FJ pp. 348-349 s.n. Val-, -gautr; NR s.nn. Gautr, -gautr |
| Váli |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Váli |
| ValR |
Found in OW.Norse as Valr (also found as a by-name). From OW.Norse valr "falcon". Occurs in the runic nominative case form [ualr] in the inscription So63+, "Valr raised the stone in memory of Manni/Máni ... ... and (in memory of) Sægeirr, his brother and his brother." |
GB p. 15 s.n. Valr; NR s.n. ValR |
| Valþjófr |
For the second element -þjófr see above. |
GB p. 15 s.n. Valþjófr; FJ pp. 347, 351 s.nn. Val-, -þjófr |
| Vámóðr |
The first element is from OW.Norse vá (< Germanic *waiwó) "accident, woe, damage." For the second element -móðr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form uamuþ. |
NR s.n. Vámóðr, -móðr |
| Vandill |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Vandill |
| Vandraðr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Vandraðr |
| Vani |
Possibly from the OW.Norse adjective vanr "accustomed to" or "destitute, to be without". May occur in the runic nominative case form uani in two inscriptions from Uppland, Sweden. |
NR s.n. Vani |
| Várfeitr, Vorfeitr |
Occurs in the runic nominative case form (u)arfaitr in the inscription So204$ from Sodermanland, Sweden, "§P Here shall the stone stand ... ... Várfeitr/Vorfeitr in memory of his father's brother. §Q Here shall the stone stand [in memory of] Ingjald, [red of] runes, [raised it] Várfeitr/Vorfeitr in memory of his father's brother." If this name represents Várfeitr, it is compounded from OW.Norse vár "spring, spring-time" and the OW.Norse adjective feitr "fat", may be an ironic reference to a skinny, bony person. If instead the name is meant as Vorfeitr, it is compounded from OW.Norse vorr "lip" and the OW.Norse adjective feitr "fat," and is thus "one who has a fat lip". |
NR s.nn. Várfæitr, Varrfæitr |
| Varghoss |
From an adjective compounded from the noun varg-, "wolf", thus "wolfish," and OW.Norse hoss "gray". Runic examples include the nominative case forms uarhas, uarkas. |
NR s.n. Varghoss |
| Varinn |
Found in OW.Norse as the name of a fictional character, Varinn. From the name of the people or nation of the Varini, Germanic *warina- (the Latin plural Varini is from Tacitus). Runic examples include the nominative case form uarin and the accusative case forms uarin, [uarin]. |
NR s.n. Varinn |
| Varr |
This name is of uncertain derivation. The first interpretation is that the name is related to the OW.Norse fictional name Varr (compare with the Old Danish by-name Wari), and was derived from the OW.Norse adjective varr "vigilant, foresighted". Runic examples may possibly include a nominative case form yar and accusative case uar. The second interpretation is that the name is from OW.Norse vorr "Sámi, Lapplander", and thus that the runic accusative case form uar reflects instead this second derivation. |
NR s.n. Varr 1, Varr 2 |
| Vébjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Vibiorn and in OW.Norse as Vébjǫrn. The first element Vé- is derived from Germanic *Wíha-, from the adjective form, probably with the meaning "holy"; compare with Gothic weihs "holy". For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms uebiurn, uibarn, uibaurn, uibiarn (3 instances), [ui](b)iarn, [uibiarn] (4 instances), uibiaurn, uibiurn and the accusative forms uibiora, uibiorn, ui(b)(in)orn, uibiurn (3 instances), [uibiurn], uiurn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vébjǫrn; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.nn. Vé-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 687 s.v. björn, vé; NR s.nn. Víbiǫrn, Ví-, -biǫrn, Biarni |
| Vébrandr |
For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -brandr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vébrandr; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.nn. Vé-, -brandr; CV pp. 76, 687 s.v. brandr, vé |
| Védiarfr |
May occur in OW.Norse as Védiarfr. For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms u[in]tarfR, uitiarf and the accusative forms uitarf, uiterf, uitirf. |
CV p. 100 s.v. djarfr; NR s.nn. VídiarfR, Ví-, -diarfR |
| Veðr |
Found in Old Danish as the name Wæther and as the by-name Wether; occurs in Old Swedish as the by-name Vædher; and found in OW.Norse as the by-name Veðr. From OW.Norse veðr "weather" or OW.Norse veðr "wether, a gelded ram"; the latter is thought to be the case in Runic Swedish and in OW.Norse names. Runic examples all come fromm Uppland, Sweden and include the nominative case forms uaiþr, uaþr and the accusative form uaþr. The runic inscriptions show use as a personal-name instead of a by-name, for instance: U937 "Þegn and Gunnarr raised the stones in memory of Veðr, their brother." U990 "Veðr and Þegn and Gunnarr raised this stone in memory of Haursi, their father. May God help his spirit." U991 "Þegn and Gunnarr raised the stones in memory of Veðr, their brother." |
NR s.n. Veðr |
| Veðraldi |
Derived from OW.Norse veðr "weather" or OW.Norse veðr "wether, a gelded ram", possibly with the suffix -aldi (derived from Germanic *-aðlan-). Runic examples all come from Uppland, Sweden and include the nominative case forms ueþralti, [ue]þralti: U463 "Veðraldi and Vígi had the stone raised in memory of Holmsteinn, their father; and Holmfríðr in memory of her husbandman." U735 "Veðraldi had the very great stone brought from (its) place out of Langgarn and (with) Arngerðr, they had this monument raised in memory of Sigtryggr, their son." U865 "Ígulfastr(?) and Veðraldi raised this... in memory of Spjallboði, their father." |
NR s.n. Veðraldi |
| Véðrormr |
For the second element -ormr see above. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -ormr; CV pp. 468-469, 687 s.v. ormr, vé |
| Véfastr |
Found in Old Swedish as Vifast or Vævast. For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms uifast, uifastr, [uifastr], [uifast-], uifasþtr, uifas--, uifostr and the accusative case forms uifast, uif(a)s(t), [uifast] (3 instances), [uifastr]. A short form of names such as Véfastr is Vífi. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
NR s.nn. Vífastr, Ví-, -fastr, Vífi, Fasti |
| Véfinnr, Vé-Finnr |
For the first element Vé- see above. The second element is either -finnr (see above) or the masculine name Finnr prefixed with the OW.Norse by-name vé, "holy place". Occurs in either the runic nominative or accusative form uifin in the inscription OgOR1980;19 from Ostergotland, Sweden, "Gunnarr colored this, colored these runes. And he guilty fled, sought this sanctuary out. And he has this clearing, and he bound Vé-finnr." |
GB p. 9 s.n. Finnr; FJ pp. 82, 348 s.nn. Finnr, -finnr; NR s.nn. Vífinnr/Ví-Finnr, Ví-, -finnr, Finnr/Fiðr |
| Véfrøðr |
May be found in Old Danish as Wifrith, occurs in OW.Norse as Véfrøðr. For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -(f)reðr/(f)røðr see above. Found in the runic nominative case form uifrþuR in an inscription from Denmark. May also occur in the runic genitive form uifrþaR from Småland, Sweden, although this name may instead represent the feminine name Véfríðr. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Véfrøðr; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.nn. Vé-, -frøðr; CV pp. 687 s.v. véNR s.nn. Vífreðr/-frøðr, Ví, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Véfúss |
For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -fúss see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form uefus Sm170 from Småland, Sweden, "Véfúss placed the stone in memory of ... ...-bjorg, their sister ..." |
CV pp. 178-179 s.v. fúss; NR s.nn. Vífúss, Ví-, -fúss |
| Végarðr |
For the first element Vé- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Végarðr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Vé-; CV pp. 687 s.v. vé |
| Végautr |
Found in Old Danish as Wigot. For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -gautr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms ui*gautra, uikautrr, uikutr (3 instances), the genitive form uikuts, and the accusative form uikaut. |
FJ pp. 348-349 s.nn. -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.nn. Vígautr, Ví-, -gautr |
| Végeirr |
Found in Old Danish as Wiger, in Old Swedish as Viger, and in OW.Norse as Végeirr. For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. This name is found in Landnámabók 149, where the name was formed as a nickname from Geirr: hann var kallaðr Végeirr því at hann var blótmaðr mikill, "he was called Végeirr because he was a great sacrificer". Runic examples include the nominative case forms u(in)faiR, uikeR and the accusative case forms [huikaiR], uikaiR. |
FJ pp. 347, 349 s.nn. Vé-, -geirr; CV pp. 196, 687 s.v. geirr, vé; NR s.nn. VígæiRR, Ví-, -gæiRR |
| Végestr |
For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -gestr see above. This name is found in Landnámabók, of a man with family members with names in the same first element: Védís and Vémundr. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Végestr; FJ pp. 347, 349 s.n. Vé-, -gestr; CV pp. 687 s.v. vé |
| Végisl |
For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms uikisl, uik-l(s) and the accusative case forms uikisl, [uikisl]. |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Vígísl/-gils, Ví-, -gísl/-gils |
| Veglágr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Veglágr |
| VégrímR |
For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form uikrim in the inscription U482 from Uppland, Sweden, "Vésteinn and Þórsteinn and Fasti had the stone raised in memory of Végrímr, their brother." |
FJ p. 349 s.n. -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. VígrímR, Ví-, -grímR |
| Véhjalmr |
For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -hjálmr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms uihialmr, uihielbr and the accusative case form uRhRalm. |
CV pp. 266-267 s.v. hjálmr; NR s.nn. VíhialmR, Ví-, -hialmR |
| Vékell, Véketill |
Found in OW.Norse as Vékell. For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms [uekil], uikil, [uikilR], uikitil, [uikitil]. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vékell; FJ pp. 347, 349 s.n. Vé-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338, 687 s.v. ketill, vé; NR s.nn. Víkæ(ti)ll, Ví-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Véleifr |
Found in OW.Norse as Véleifr. For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form uilef in the inscription Gs1 from Gästrikland, Sweden, "Snjólaug had the stone raised in memory of Véleifr, her husbandman. And Eynjótr (carved?)." |
GB p. 16 s.n. Véleifr; FJ pp. 347, 350 s.nn. Vé-, -leifr; CV pp. 381, 687 s.v. leif, véVílæifR, Ví-, -læifR/-lafR |
| Vémundr |
Found in Old Danish as Wemund, occurs in Old Swedish as Vimund or Væmund. Found in OW.Norse as Vémundr. For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. This name is found in Landnámabók, of a man with family members with names in the same first element: Védís and Végestr. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. Runic examples include the nominative case forms (u)imontR from the inscription U449 from Uppland, Sweden, "... and Fastgeirr and Vémundr had raised ..." as well as [uim]ut[r] the inscription Sm44 from Småland, Sweden, "Vémundr placed this stone ... his brother Sveinn, gentle with his followers and free with food, greatly praised." |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vémundr; FJ pp. 347, 350 s.nn. Vé-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438, 687 s.v. mundr, -mundr, vé; NR s.nn. Vímundr, Ví-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Véniútr |
For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -niútr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form uiniutrand the accusative case forms uini(u)..., uinut, u(in)nut. |
CV p. 456 s.v. njóta; NR s.nn. Víniútr, Ví-, -niútr |
| Véorn |
For the first element Vé- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Véorn; FJ pp. 342, 347 s.nn. Vé-, Arn-; CV pp. 687 s.v. vé |
| Vermundr |
Found in Old Danish as Wermund, occurs in OW.Norse as Vermundr. The first element is from OW.Norse verr "man" or from the stem in the OW.Norse verb verja "defend, protect" (compare with OH.Germ. Warimunt). For the second element -mundr see above. Occurs in the runic nominative case form uirmuntr in the inscription UFv1912;8A: "§A Diarfr got from a man from Samland/Semgallen these scales in(?) ...[l]and. And Vermundr colored these runes. §B The bird tore apart the pale thief: (One) found (i.e., observed) the increase (i.e., from eating) in the corpse-cuckoo (raven)." A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
GB p.15 s.n. Vermundr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Vermundr or Værmundr |
| Véseti |
Found in Old Danish as Westi, occurs in OW.Norse as Véseti (also found as a by-name). From OW.Norse *véseti "one who lives with (properly, sits with) or is in charge of a vé or holy place". Runic examples include the nominative case forms [uasati], uesti, uiseti (4 instances), (u)isiti, [uisiti], uisti, [uisti], usiti and the accusative case forms uisiti, uista. |
NR s.n. Víseti |
| Vestarr |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Vestarr |
| Vésteinn |
Found in Old Danish as Wisten, in Old Swedish as Væsten, and occurs in OW.Norse as Vésteinn. For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms uestin, (u)(e)stin, uistain (4 instances), ui--(a)n and the accusative case forms [uistain], uistein, uistin. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vésteinn; FJ pp. 347, 351 s.nn. Vé-, -steinn; CV pp. 591, 687 s.v. steinn, vé; NR s.nn. Vístæinn, Ví-, -stæinn |
| Vestgeirr |
For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p.15 s.n. Vestgeirr; FJ p. 349 s.n. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Vestliði |
|
GB p. 15 s.n. Vestliði |
| Vestmaðr |
"Western man." |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vestmaðr |
| Vestmárr |
For the second element -márr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vestmárr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -marr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr |
| Vestmundr |
Occurs as a Scandinavian name in England. The first element is from OW.Norse vestr "the west", For the second element -mundr see above. May occur in the accusative case form ...as(t)munt in Sm142$, or this may instead represent the name Fastmundr. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Vestmundr, -mundr, Mundi, Fastmundr |
| Vetr |
Found in Old Danish as Winter (also found as a by-name), occurs in Old Swedish as the by-name Vinter, and in OW.Norse as the name Vetr. From OW.Norse vetr "winter". May occur in the runic accusative case form oitr in the inscription Sm28 from the Berga churchyard, Småland, Sweden. |
NR s.n. Vintr |
| Vetrliði |
Found in OW.Norse as Vetrliði. Compounded from OW.Norse vetr "winter" and -liði, thus "winter-farer". May occur in the runic accusative case form uitl(b)a. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vetrliðr; NR s.n. Vintrliði |
| VéulfR |
For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Runic examples include the nominative case form [uiulfr], the genitive case form uiulfs, and the accusative case form [uiulf]. |
NR s.nn. VíulfR, Ví-, -ulfR |
| Véurðr |
For the first element Vé- see above. The second element in this name may either be from -varðr/-urðr see above, or else is derived from OW.Norse *vévorðr m. "vé-warder, guardian of the holy place." Occurs in the runic accusative case form ueurþ in the inscription Vg73 from Västergotland, Sweden, "Kárr and Kali/Kalli raised this stone in memory of Véurðr, their father, a very good Thegn." |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -varðr; CV p. 722 s.v. vorðr; NR s.nn. Víurðr, Ví-, -varðr |
| Véþormr |
For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -þormr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Véþormr; FJ pp. 347, 351 s.n. Vé-, -þormr; CV pp. 687 s.v. vé |
| Véþorn |
For the first element Vé- see above. For the second element -þorn see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Véþorn; FJ pp. 347; CV pp. 687, 742 s.v. vé, þorn; NR s.nn. Þorn, -þorn |
| Víðarr |
|
GB p. 16 s.n. Víðarr |
| Viðbjǫrn |
Found in Old Swedish as Vidhbiorn. The first element Við- is from OW.Norse viðr (derived from *wiðu-) "tree, forest". It was common in Norse poetry to use words meaning tree or wood or limb to mean "warrior", and may have that sense in names as well. It is unusual in contrast to the second element -viðr. Compare with the Continental Germanic names in Widu-, Witu- etc. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. Runic examples include the nominative case forms uiþabiarn, uiþbiarn, uiþbiurn, uRþbian and the accusative case forms uiþbiarn, uiþbiurn, [uiþburn]. A short form of names in Við- or -viðr is Viði. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
FJ pp. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Viðbiǫrn, Við-, -biǫrn, Viði, Biarni |
| Víðfari |
Found in OW.Norse as Víðfari. Compounded from the OW.Norse adjective víðr "wide" and -fari; "he has travelled widely". Runic examples include the nominative case forms uifari, (u)ifari and the accusative case form uifara. |
NR s.n. Víðfari |
| Viðfastr |
For the first element Við- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Occurs in the runic genitive case form (u)iþfast-- in the inscription VsFv1988;36$, "Taf(?) had this stone raised in memory of Grímmundr. The son of Viðfastr travelled to the east. Ulfr and Vébjǫrn ... Ketilas(?) made the bridge at..." A short form of names in Við- or -viðr is Viði. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. |
NR s.nn. Viðfastr, Við-, -fastr, Viði, Fasti |
| Víðhugsi |
Compounded from the OW.Norse adjective víðr "wide" and the OW.Norse adjective hugsi "thoughtful, contemplative, hesitant, cautious, pondering, brooding". Occurs in the runic nominative case form uiþugsi in the inscription U729 from Uppland, Sweden, "Víðhugsi had this stone raised in memory of Særeifr, his good father. He lived in Ogurstaðir. Here will the stone stand between the estates. May the valiant man who is rune-skilled interpret those runes which Balli carved." |
NR s.n. Víðhugsi |
| Viði |
Found in Old Danish as Withi. A short form of names in Við- or -viðr. Runic examples include the nominative form uiþi and the genitive forms [uiþa], uRþa. |
NR s.n. Viði |
| Víðkunnr |
|
GB p. 16 s.n. Víðkunnr |
| Vífi |
A short form of names such as Véfastr. Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form uifa in inscription SoSB1965;12 "Ormr and Fastgeirr and Þóra had (the stone) raised in memory of Vífi, their brother" and in Vg151 "Véfastr raised this stone in memory of Vífi, a very good thegn." |
NR s.n. Vífi |
| Vífill |
Found in Old Danish as Wivil, occurs in OW.Norse as Vífill (found as a by-name). From either Germanic *webilaz - compare with OH.Germ. wibil, Old English wifel, Swedish vivel "weevil, a type of beetle" - or from Germanic *wígwilaz, a diminuitive formed from the OW.Norse verb vígja "to dedicate", "one who is dedicated", originally describing a priest. Occurs in the runic nominative case form uifil in G280, an inscription from Gotland, Sweden: "Hegbjǫrn raised this stone glaring (and his) brothers Hróðvísl, Eysteinn, Emundr, who have had stones raised in memory of Hrafn south of Rufstein. They came far and wide in Eifur. Vífill ..." |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vífill; NR s.nn. Vifill or Vífill |
| Vígbjóðr, Víðbjóðr |
|
GB p. 16 s.nn. Vígbjóðr, Víðbjóðr |
| Vígbjǫrn |
Occurs in Old Swedish as Vighbiorn and in OW.Norse as Vígbjǫrn. The first element Víg- is from OW.Norse víg "war, battle". For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. A short form of masculine names in Víg- is Vígi. Runic examples include the nominative case forms [uihbirn], uikbi[or]n, [uikibiarn] and the accusative case forms uikbian, [uikbiarn], uik-iarn. |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -bj#491;rn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Vígbiǫrn, Víg-, -biǫrn, Vígi |
| VígdiarfR |
Found in OW.Norse as Vígdiarfr. For the first element Víg- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. A short form of masculine names in Víg- is Vígi. Runic examples include the nominative case forms uikterfr, u(in)[k]tirfR, uRhtafr and the accusative case form uiktiarf. |
CV p. 100 s.v. djarfr; NR s.nn. VígdiarfR, Víg-, -diarfR, Vígi |
| Vígfastr |
Found in OW.Norse as Vígfastr. For the first element Víg- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. A short form of masculine names in Víg- is Vígi. Occurs in the runic accusative case form uikfast in the inscription OgFv1950;341 from Ostergotland, Sweden, "...-bj#491;rn and Ásbjǫrn, they raised this stone in memory of Vígfastr, their father, Helga's son. He died in England." |
NR s.nn. Vígfastr, Víg-, -fastr, Fasti, Vígi |
| Vígfúss |
For the first element Víg- see above. A diminuitive form of Vígfúss is Fúsi. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vígi; FJ p. 347 s.n. Víg-; CV pp. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 715 s.v. víg, Vígi |
| VíghjalmR |
For the first element Víg- see above. For the second element -hjálmr see above. A short form of masculine names in Víg- is Vígi. Runic examples include the nominative case forms uihialmr, uihielbr, uikhialmr, uikhiulmbR and the accusative case forms uRhRalm, uikia..., although some of these may instead represent the name Véhjalmr. |
CV pp. 266-267 s.v. hjálmr; NR s.nn. VíghialmR, Víg-, -hialmR, Vígi |
| Víghvatr |
The first element Víg- is identical to Old Icelandic víg, "battle, strife". For the second element -hvatr or its weak side-form -hvati see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Víghvatr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Víg-; CV pp. 297, 715 s.v. hvatr, víg; NR s.nn. Hvatr, -hvatr |
| Vígi |
Found in Old Swedish as Vighe (also found as a by-name), occurs in OW.Norse as Vígi. From the OW.Norse adjective vígr (see VígR below) or, as a personal name, a short form of masculine names in Víg-. Used as the name of a hound, specifically the dog of king Ólafr Tryggvasson. Runic examples include the nominative case forms uigi, uihi, uiki (3 instances), [ui]kn[in] and he accusative case forms uiha, uRiha. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vígi; FJ p. 347 s.n. Víg-; CV pp. 715 s.v. víg, VígiNR s.nn. Vígi, Víg-, VígR |
| VígleikR |
Found in Old Danish as Wighlek, in Old Swedish as Vighlek, and in OW.Norse as Vígleikr. For the first element Víg- see above. For the second element -leikR see above. A short form of masculine names in Víg- is Vígi. A short form of names in -leikr is Leikr. Occurs in the runic nominative case form uiglaikR in the inscription So48 from Sodermanland, Sweden, "Vígleikr and Kjúli/Gylli and Helgi and Ígulfastr, they raised the stone in memory of Þórbjǫrn." |
Vígleikr; FJ pp. 185-186, 347, 350 s.nn. Víg-, -leikr, Leikr; CV pp. 382-383, 715 s.v. leika, leikr, víg; NR s.nn. VíglæikR, Víg-, -læikR/-lakR, Vígi |
| Víglundr |
For the first element Víg- see above. The word is also found as a poetic compound as a kenning meaning "warrior". Appears as the name of the title character in Víglundar saga. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Víglundr; FJ pp. 345, 347 s.nn. Víg-, -Lund-; CV pp. 715 s.v. víg |
| Vígmaðr |
Found in Old Danish as Wighman, occurs in Old Swedish Vighman (also found as a by-name). From OW.Norse vígmaðr "warrior". Occurs in the runic nominative case form uikmanr in the inscription Vg30 from Västergotland, Sweden, "Kanpr(?) and Vígmaðr placed this stone and made the bridge in memory of Þóra." |
NR s.n. Vígmaðr |
| Vígmárr |
May occur in Old Danish as Wimar. For the first element Víg- see above. For the second element -márr see above. A short form of masculine names in Víg- is Vígi. Runic examples include the nominative case form uihmar (3 instances) and the accusative case forms uihmar, uikmar. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -marr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr; NR s.nn. Vígmarr, Víg-, -marr, Vígi |
| Vígmundr |
Found in Old Swedish as Vighmund and in OW.Norse as Vígmundr. For the first element Víg- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of masculine names in Víg- is Vígi. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. Runic examples include the nominative case forms uihmuntr, [uikmu--R], the genitive case form uihmuntar and the accusative case form uihmt. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Vígmundr, Víg-, -mundr, Vígi, Mundi |
| Vígniútr |
For the first element Víg- see above. For the second element -niútr see above. A short form of masculine names in Víg- is Vígi. Runic examples include the nominative case forms uihniutr, [ui]h[nk]ut[r]. |
CV p. 456 s.v. njóta; NR s.nn. Vígniútr, Víg-, -niútr, Vígi |
| VígR |
May be found in Old Danish as Wigh and in Old Swedish as the by-name Vigh. From the OW.Norse adjective vígr "warlike, skiled with weapons". Runic examples include the nominative case forms uikr, uikR and the accusative case forms uih, uik, uik. |
NR s.n. VígR |
| Vígsterkr |
For the first element Víg- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vígsterkr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Víg-; CV pp. 715 s.v. víg |
| Vígþorn |
For the first element Víg- see above. For the second element -þorn see above. A short form of masculine names in Víg- is Vígi. Occurs in the runic nominative case form (u)ikþu-... in the inscription U861 from Uppland, Sweden, "Sigþorn ... the stone raised and the bridge made in memory of Ádjarfr, (his) son, and in memory of Mey, his daughter; Eiþorn and Sveinn and Vígþorn ..." |
CV p. 742 s.v. þorn; NR s.nn. Vígþorn, Víg-, -þorn, Vígi |
| Vígúlfr |
Found in Old Danish as Wigil, in Old Swedish as Vigholf, and in OW.Norse as Vígúlfr. For the first element Víg- see above. For the second element -úlfr see above. A short form of masculine names in Víg- is Vígi. Runic examples include the genitive case form uikulfs, the dative case form uikuf(in), and the accusative case form [uigul(f)]. |
FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr; NR s.nn. VígulfR, Víg-, -ulfR, Vígi |
| Víkarr |
May occur in Old Danish as Wikar, found in OW.Norse as Víkarr. The first element Vík- is from OW.Norse vík "bay, inlet." For the second element -arr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative case form in two inscriptions from Oland, Sweden: as uikar in Ol72{39}, "Sveinn made in memory of his father, Víkarr, the only son raised the stone himself" and as [uikar] in Ol25{15}, "Ábjǫrn raised this stone in memory of ..., his father, ... Víkarr, his brother." |
GB p. 16 s.n. Víkarr; FJ p. 348 s.n. -arr; NR s.nn. Víkarr, -arr |
| VíkingR |
Found in Old Danish as Wiking, in Old Swedish as Viking, and in OW.Norse as Víkingr. From OW.Norse víkingr "viking, pirate, raider." Runic examples include the nominative case forms uikigr, uikikr, [uikikr], uikikR, uikinkr, [uikinkr], [uiki...r], uik...-..., the genitive form uikiks and the accusative case forms uikik (5 instances), uikika, uikink, uik--. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Víkingr; NR s.n. VíkingR |
| Vilhjálmr |
The name Vilhjálmr is found in Old Danish as Wilhelm, in Old Swedish as Vilhelm, and in Old West Norse as Vilhjálmr. It originated as a West Germanic name. The first element Vil- is identical to Old Icelandic vil, "will, liking, favor." For the second element -hjálmr see above. This name is found in the modern era as William and Wilhelm. This name is found in the runic nominative case form uilhialmr in one inscription which lists the name only. The name Vilhjálmr appears in other locations besides runic inscriptions as well, and when it appears it is referring to William the Conqueror, for example: Ragnarsaga loðbrókar ok sona hans ch. 18 has Vilhjálmr bastarðr; Gongu-Hrólfs saga ch. 12ff. has Vilhjálmr. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Vilhjálmr; CV pp. 266-267, 705 s.v. hjálmr, vil; NR s.nn. VilhialmR, -hialmR |
| Vili or Víli |
Found in Old Danish as Willi; compare with the OW.Norse mythological name Vili or Víli. Possibly a short form of names in Vil-. Occurs in the runic nominative case form uili. |
NR s.n. Vil(l)in |
| Vilmundr |
The first element Vil- is identical to Old Icelandic vil, "will, liking, favor". For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. |
FJ p. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438, 705 s.v. mundr, -mundr, vil; NR s.nn. -mundr, Mundi |
| Vinaman |
Occurs in the Latinized Old Swedish form Vinamannus, the Christian martyr from the legend of St. Sigfrid. This name was adopted from the Old English name Wineman. Occurs in the runic accusative case form uinoman in the inscription U375 from Vidbo Church, Uppland, Sweden, "Sigfastr and Ginnlaug, they had this stone erected in memory of Vinaman, their son. And he died in (?)." |
NR s.n. Vinaman |
| Vísburr |
|
GB p. 16 s.n. Vísburr |
| Vottr |
|
GB p. 16 s.n. Vottr |
| Vragi |
Found in Old Danish as Wraghi, also found as the by-name Wrage. Possibly from the dialect term vrage "a mooring post." Occurs in the runic accusative case form uraka in the Viking Age inscription DR269 from Källstorp, Malmøhus Län, Skåne, "Þórkell, Þórðr's son, made this bridge in memory of Vragi, his brother." |
NR s.n. Vragi |
| Vrái |
From the adjective *vráR, or the dialect term vrå, "disobliging, peevish, unreasonable." Runic examples include the nominative case form urai and the accusative case form [ura]. |
NR s.n. Vrái |
| Vrangi, Rangi |
Found as a by-name in Old Danish as Wrange, Old Swedish as Vrange, and in OW.Norse as Rangi. From the OW.Norse adjective rangr "wrong, perverse, unjust." Runic examples may include the accusative case forms ruakn, uraka. |
NR s.n. Vrangi |
| VrangR, Rangr |
Found as a by-name in Old Swedish as Vrang, and as the OW.Norse by-name Rangr. From the OW.Norse adjective rangr "wrong, perverse, unjust." Runic examples may include the accusative case form ruakn. |
NR s.n. VrangR |
| Vreiðr, Reiðr |
Found as a by-name in Old Danish as Wreth and in Old Swedish as Vredh. From the OW.Norse adjective reiðr "wrathful, angry, offended." Runic examples may include the nominative case forms uaiþr, uraiþr, [uraiþr] and the accusative case forms uraiþ, [ur]aiþ. |
NR s.n. Vræiðr |
| Vreistr, Reistr |
Found in OW.Norse as Reistr. From the verb vrida. Compare with the Norwegian dialect word vreist, reist "a type of ring," "wrong, perverse person," and also to OW.Norse jarðar reistr referring to the Miðgarðsormr or Midgard-Serpent. Occurs in the runic nominative case form uristr in the inscription DR339 from Stora Køpinge, Kristianstads Län, Skåne, "Vreistr and Nykr and Krúsa raised this stone in memory of Api/Ebbi, their partner, a good valiant man." |
NR s.n. Vræistr |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Yngvarr |
Found in Old Danish as Ingwar, in Old Swedish as Ingvar, and in OW.Norse as Yngvarr. The first element is from Ingi-, see above. For the second element -arr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms ikuar, [ikuar], inguaR, inkuar, in[kua]r, [(in)(n)k(in)u(a)r] the genitive forms [iguars|], ikuars, inkuars, the dative forms in:ikn:u:ari, ikuari (11 instances), [ikuari], [(in)kuari], inkuari and the accusative forms [ikhu]ar, ikuar (3 instances), inkuar (5 instances), [inku]ari, in-kuar. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Yngvarr; NR s.nn. Ingvarr, Ingi, Ing(in)-/(Ingv-), -arr |
| Name |
Notes |
Source |
| Þangbrandr |
For the second element -brandr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þandbrandr; FJ p. 348 s.n. -brandr; CV p. 76 s.n. brandr |
| Þengill |
|
GB p. 16 s.n. Þengill |
| Þéttmárr |
For the second element -márr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þéttmárr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -marr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr |
| Þiðrandi |
|
GB p. 16 s.n. Þiðrandi |
| Þiðrekr |
This name is equivalent to German Dietrich, and was adopted from the German form of the name in Þiðreks saga af Bern, ca. 1250 AD, which tells the story of Dietrich of Bern, the legendary version of Theodoric the Great (493-526 AD), the Ostrogothic ruler of Italy. Þiðrekr is found in the medieval runic inscription DREM85;440A from Brøns Kirke, Jylland, Denmark, which reads, fuþorkhn ÷ þidrik. For the second element -rekr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þiðrekr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR; R.G. Finch. "Þiðreks saga af Bern", in: Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia. Eds. Phillip Pulsiano et al. Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 934. New York: Garland. 1993. pp. 662-663. |
| Þialfarr |
Found in Old Swedish as the name of a fictional character, Thiælvar. The first element is from the stem in Þialfi, from OW.Norse þjálfi "the one that encompasses, encloses, keeps together, subdues, subjugates, overpowers, overcomes" (of disputed derivation). For the second element -arr see above. Occurs as a personal name in the runic accusative case form [þialfar] in Ög27: "Þórir placed the stone in memory of Þialfarr, his father, who landed in ." |
FJ p. 348 s.n. -arr; NR s.nn. Þialfarr, Þialfi, -arr |
| Þiálfi |
Found in Old Danish as Thialvi, in Old Swedish as Thiælve, and in OW.Norse as Þiálfi (may also be found as a by-name). From OW.Norse þjálfi "the one that encompasses, encloses, keeps together, subdues, subjugates, overpowers, overcomes" (of disputed derivation). Runic examples include the nominative case forms þalfi, þelfi (3 instances), þialfi (5 instances), þi-fi, the genitive case form þialfa and the accusative case forms þialfa (3 instances), þial[fa], [þialfa], þial[f]-. |
NR s.n. Þialfi |
| Þjóðarr |
The first element Þjóð- is identical with Old Icelandic þjóð, "a people, a nation". |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þjóðarr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Þjóð-; CV pp. 739 s.v. þjóð |
| Þjóðgeirr |
For the first element Þjóð- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þjóðgeirr; FJ pp. 347, 349 s.nn. Þjóð-, -geirr; CV pp. 196, 739 s.v. geirr, þjóð; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Þjóðmarr |
For the first element Þjóð- see above. For the second element -marr see above. The equivalent German name would be Ditmar. |
FJ pp. 347, 350 s.nn. Þjóð-, -marr; CV pp. 443, 739 s.v. mærr, þjóð; NR s.n. -mærr |
| Þjóðólfr |
For the first element Þjóð- see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þjóðólfr; FJ pp. 347, 351 s.nn. Þjóð-, -ulfr; CV pp. 668, 739 s.v. úlfr, þjóð; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Þjóðrekr |
For the first element Þjóð- see above. For the second element -rekr see above. This name is equivalent to German Dietrich, and a related post-Viking Age Old Norse name, Þiðrekr was adopted from the German form of the name in Þiðreks saga af Bern, ca. 1250 AD, which tells the story of Dietrich of Bern, the legendary version of Theodoric the Great (493-526 AD), the Ostrogothic ruler of Italy. Þjóðrekr is found in Guðrúnarkviða in forna, one of the poems of the Poetic Edda, as the name of King Theodoric. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þjóðrekr; FJ pp. 347, 350 s.n. Þjóð-, -ríkr; CV pp. 499, 739 s.v. ríkr, þjóð; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR; R.G. Finch. "Þiðreks saga af Bern", in: Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia. Eds. Phillip Pulsiano et al. Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 934. New York: Garland. 1993. pp. 662-663 |
| Þjóstarr |
|
GB p. 16 s.n. Þjóstarr |
| Þjóstólfr |
For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þjóstólfr; FJ p. 351 s.n. -ulfr |
| Þóraldi, Þóraldr |
The first element Þór- is identical to the Old Icelandic Þórr, the god of thunder. In modern usage the vowel is long (Þór-) before vowels h or d, but short (Þor-) before consonants, however it is thought that the long vowel occurred always during the Viking Age. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þóraldi, Þóraldr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Þór-; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórálfr |
For the first element Þór- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórálfr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Þór-; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórarinn |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -arinn see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórarinn; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.n. Þór-, -arn; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórarr |
For the first element Þór- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórarr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Þór-; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórbeinir |
For the first element Þór- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórbeinir; FJ p. 347 s.n. Þór-; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórbeinn |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -beinn see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórbeinn; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.nn. Þór-, -beinn; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórbergr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -bergr see Berg- above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórbergr; FJ pp. 342, 347 s.nn. Þór-, Berg-; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórbjǫrn |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -bj#491;rn see above. A short form of the name Þórbjǫrn is Tubbi. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -bj#491;rn is Bjarni. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórbjǫrn; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.nn. Þór-, -bj#491;rn; CV pp. 66, 743 s.v. björn, Þórr; NR s.nn. Þórbiǫrn, Þór-, -biǫrn, Tobbi/Tubbi, Biarni |
| Þórbrandr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -brandr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórbrandr; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.nn. Þór-, -brandr; CV pp. 76, 743 s.v. brandr, Þórr |
| Þórðr, Þórrøðr |
The Old West Norse masculine name Þórðr is also found in Old Danish as Thorth and in Old Swedish as Thordh. The name is a contracted form of Þórfreðr or Þorrøðr. For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -(f)reðr/(f)røðr see above. There are a number of instance of the name Þórðr in runic inscriptions, including the nominative case forms þorþ, þorþr, þurþr, þurþR, the genitive case form þurþaR, and the accusative case forms þorþ and þurþ. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórðr, Þórrøðr; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.n. Þór-, -frøðr; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr; NR s.nn. Þórðr, Þór-, -(f)reðr/-(f)røðr |
| Þórfastr |
A short form of the names Þórfastr or Þórfreðr is Tófi. |
NR s.n. Þórfastr, Tófi/Túfi |
| Þórfiðr |
For the first element Þór- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórfiðr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Þór-; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórfinnr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -finnr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórfinnr; FJ pp. 347, 348 s.nn. Þór-, -finnr; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórfreðr |
A short form of the names Þórfastr or Þórfreðr is Tófi. |
NR s.n. Þórfreðr, Tófi/Túfi |
| Þórgautr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -gautr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórgautr; FJ pp. 347, 348-349 s.nn. Þór-, -gautr; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr; NR s.nn. Gautr, -gautr |
| Þórgeirr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórgeirr; FJ pp. 347, 349 s.nn. Þór-, -geirr; CV pp. 196, 743 s.v. geirr, Þórr; NR s.n. -gæiRR |
| Þórgestr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -gestr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórgestr; FJ pp. 347, 349 s.n. Þór-, -gestr; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórgils |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórgils; FJ pp. 347, 349 s.nn. Þór-, -gísl; CV pp. 196, 743 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli, Þórr; NR s.nn. Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Þórgísl |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórgísl; FJ pp. 347, 349 s.nn. Þór-, -gísl; CV pp. 196, 743 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli, Þórr; NR s.nn. Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Þórgnýr |
For the first element Þór- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórgnýr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Þór-; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórgrímr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórgrímr; FJ pp. 347, 349 s.nn. Þór-, -grímr; CV pp. 216, 743 s.v. gríma, Þórr; NR s.n. -grímR |
| Þórhaddr |
For the first element Þór- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórhaddr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Þór-; CV p. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórhaldr |
For the first element Þór- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórhaldr; FJ p. 347 s.n. Þór-; CV p. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórhalli, Þórhallr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -hallr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórhalli, Þórhallr; FJ pp. 344, 347 s.nn. Þór-, -hallr; CV p. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórhrólfr |
For the first element Þór- see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórhrólfr; FJ pp. 347, 351 s.nn. Þór-, -ulfr; CV p. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórir |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -vér or -vir see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórir; FJ p. 347 s.n. Þór-; CV p. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þóriroddr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -oddr see above. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þóriroddr; FJ pp. 347, 350 s.nn. Þór-, -oddr; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr; NR s.n. -uddr, Uddi |
| Þórkell, Þórketill |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. A short form of Þórkell or Þórketill is Tóki. A diminuitive form of Þórkell is Keli. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórkell, Þórketill; FJ pp. 347, 349 s.nn. Þór-, -ketill; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 337-338, 743 s.v. ketill, Þórr; NR s.nn. Þórkæ(ti)ll, Þór-/Þúr-, -kæ(ti)ll, Tóki/Túki/Týki |
| Þórlákr, Þollákr, Þórleikr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -leikr or -lákr see above. A short form of names such as ÞórlaugR, ÞórleifR, Þórleikr is Tóli. A short form of names in -leikr is Leikr. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórlákr, Þollákr, Þórleikr; FJ pp. 185-186, 347, 350 s.nn. Þór-, -leikr; CV pp. 382-383, 743 s.v. leika, leikr, Þórr; NR s.nn. -læikR/-lakR, Tóli/Túli |
| ÞórlaugR |
A short form of names such as ÞórlaugR, ÞórleifR, Þórleikr is Tóli. |
NR s.nn. ÞórlaugR, Þór-/Þúr-, -laugR, Tóli/Túli |
| Þórleifr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. A short form of Þórleifr is TóliR. A diminuitive form of Þórleifr is Leifi. A short form of names such as ÞórlaugR, ÞórleifR, Þórleikr is Tóli. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórleifr; FJ pp. 347, 350 s.nn. Þór-, -leifr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 381, 743 s.v. leif, Þórr; NR s.nn. ÞórlæifR/-lafR, Þór-/Þúr-, -læifR/-lafR, Tóli/Túli, TóliR (TúliR?) |
| Þórljótr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -ljótr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórljótr; FJ pp. 347, 350 s.n. Þór-, -ljótr; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr |
| Þórmóðr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -móðr see above. A short form of names such as Þórmóðr or Þórmundr is Tumi. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórmóðr; FJ pp. 347, 350 s.nn. Þór-, -móðr; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr; NR s.nn. Þórmóðr, Þór-/Þúr-, -móðr, Tómi/Túmi/Tummi |
| Þórmundr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names such as Þórmóðr or Þórmundr is Tumi. |
FJ pp. 347, 350 s.nn. Þór-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438, 743 s.v. mundr, -mundr, Þórr; NR s.nn. Þórmundr, Þór-/Þúr-, -mundr, Tómi/Túmi/Tummi |
| Þórniútr |
The names Túni, Tunni may represent a short form of Þórniútr. |
NR s.nn. Þórniútr, Þór-/Þúr-, -niútr, Túni/Tunni |
| Þóroddr |
For the first element Þór- see above. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þóroddr; FJ pp. 347, 350 s.nn. Þór-, -oddr; CV pp. 743 s.v. Þórr; NR s.nn. -uddr, Uddi |
| Þórólfr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórólfr; FJ pp. 347, 351 s.nn. Þór-, -ulfr; CV pp. 668, 743 s.v. úlfr, Þórr; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Þórormr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -ormr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórormr; FJ pp. 347, 350 s.nn. Þór-, -ormr; CV pp. 468-469, 743 s.v. ormr, Þórr, |
| Þórsteinn, Þosteinn |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Short forms of Þórsteinn iinclude Tosti, Tóti, Totti. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórsteinn, Þosteinn; FJ pp. 347, 351 s.nn. Þór-, -steinn; CV pp. 591, 743 s.v. steinn, Þórr; NR s.n. Þórstæinn, Þór-/Þúr-, -stæinn, Tosti, Tóti/Totti |
| Þórvaldr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. A diminuitive form of Þórvaldr is Valdi. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórvaldr; FJ pp. 347, 351 s.nn. Þór-, -valdr; CV p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names"; CV pp. 675, 743 s.v. valdi, valdr, Þórr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Þórvarðr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórvarðr; FJ pp. 347, 351 s.nn. Þór-, -varðr; CV pp. 722, 743 s.v. vorðr, Þórr |
| Þórviðr |
For the first element Þór- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. |
GB p. 16 s.n. Þórviðr; FJ pp. 347, 352 s.nn. Þór-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704, 743 s.v. viðr, Þórr; NR s.n. Við-, -viðr |
| Þráinn |
|
GB p. 17 s.n. Þráinn |
| Þrándr, Þróndr |
|
GB p. 17 s.n. Þrándr, Þróndr |
| Þrassi |
|
GB p. 17 s.n. Þrassi |
| Þrostr |
|
GB p. 17 s.n. Þrostr |
| Þrottólfr |
For the second element -olfr see above. |
GB p. 17 s.n. Þrottólfr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -ulfr |
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