Old Norse Men's Names
This webpage is, and will probably always be, under development. As my knowledge of Norse naming grows, I will keep revising and updating this page. At this point, I'm aware that the page is really too large, and I'm working out better methods of presentation.
Some of my sources listed names that were either hypothetical forms re-constructed based on place-name and later personal name evidence, or else doubtful interpretations from runic evidence. These have been included, but are shown with the headword in a greyed-out text, for example, Ákimann.
In the list below, I have abbreviated certain source references as follows:
- CV = Cleasby, Richard and Guðbrandr Vigfusson. An Icelandic-English Dictionary. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon. 1957.
- GB = Geirr Bassi Haraldsson. The Old Norse Name. Studia Marklandica I. Olney, MD: Markland Medieval Militia. 1977.
- FJ = Fellows-Jensen, Gillian. Scandinavian Personal Names in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire. Copenhagen. Akademisk Forlag. 1968.
- NR = Lena Peterson. Nordiskt runnamnslexikon. (Dictionary of Names
from Old Norse Runic Inscriptions). Språk- och folkminnes-institutet (Institute for
Dialectology, Onomastics and Folklore Research). Accessed 30 September 2005.
For full details on any source referenced, please see the Bibliography.
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A |
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Þ |
| Name | Notes | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Abbe, Abbi | Short form of Abjörn. Found in Found in Old Danish as Abbi and in Old Swedish as Abbe. This name is a short form of Ábiörn. Not found in Norway or Iceland. Runic examples include the nominative form abi and the accusative form aba. Runic examples include the nominative forms abiarn, [abiarn], [abiori], abiun, [abiurn], abiur... and the accusative form abiorn. May be found in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Abbe (1142), Habb' (c. 1224, 1330) and in the place-names Habbeholme (1100's) and Albeholme (1228). | FJ pp. 1, 342, 348 s.nn. Abbe, Á-, -björn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Abbi, Ábiörn |
| Abel | Christian | GB p. 7 s.n. Abel |
| Abjörn, Ábiörn | The Á- first element may either derive from *ana, "all," or from *anu, "ancestor," or from Germanic *az-, "point, edge; anxiety, fear". Later forms derived from *anu may show Ó-, resulting in name pairs such as Áleifr and its parallel later form Óláfr. The second element -björn is identical with Old Icelandic björn, "bear". This name is found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish as Abiorn. The short form of this name is Abbe or Abbi. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -björn is Bjarni. | FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Á-, -björn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Abbi, Ábiörn, Á-, -biörn, Biarni |
| Ádám | Christian | GB p. 8 s.n. Ádám |
| ÁdiarfR | Found in Old Swedish as Adiærf. The first element is perhaps derived from Germanic *az-, "point, edge" or "fear,anxiety." The second element, -diarfR is from the OW.Norse adjective djarfr "bold, brave, daring, courageous." Runic examples include the nominative forms aterfr, [atiarfr] and the accusative forms aterf, atiarf. | CV p. 100 s.v. djarfr; NR s.nn. ÁdiarfR, Á-, -diarfR |
| Aðakán | Celtic name. Found in the runic genitive form |
NR s.nn. Aðakán |
| Aðalbert | Names in Að- or Aðal- derive from *aþa or aðal, "noble, foremost, premier". | GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalbert; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Að- |
| Aðalbrandr | For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -brandr is identical with OW.Norse brandr, "sword, sword-blade." | GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalbrandr; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Að-, -brandr; CV p. 76 s.n. brandr; NR s.n. -brandr |
| Aðalbrikt | For the first element Aðal- see above. | GB; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Að- |
| Aðalmærki, AðalmækiR | For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -mærki is from OW.Norse merki "sign; banner." The second element -mækiR is from OW.Norse mækir "sword". Originally a man's by-name. The runic accusative form aþal:miki is found, but it is unclear which of the two second elementes listed here is represented. | FJ pp. 342 s.n. Að-; NR s.nn. Aðalmærki, Aðal- |
| Aðalráðr | For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -ráðr is identical with Old Icelandic ráð, "counsel, advice". | GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalráðr; FJ pp. 342, 345 s.n. Að-, -raðr |
| Aðalríkr | For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -ríkr also exists as the weakened form -rekr and derives from the OW.Norse adjective ríkr, which in turn is from Germanic *rikiaR "mighty, distinguished, rich". When occurring as the second element in a compound name, -ríkR also is understood as partly derived from the noun *rík(a)z "ruler, sovereign" an early Germanic loan-word from Celtic rix (compare with Gothic reiks and Latin rex, "king"). | GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalrikr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.n. Að-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. RíkR, -ríkR |
| Aðalsteinn | For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -steinn is identical with Old Icelandic steinn, "stone". | GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalsteinn; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.n. Að-, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.n. -stæinn |
| Aðalvaldr | For the first element Aðal- see above. The second element -valdr is from Old Icelandic valdr, "ruler" may also occur as -valdi, -aldr, or -aldi. | GB p. 7 s.n. Aðalvaldr; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.nn. Að-, valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Aðgils, Aðísl | For the first element Að- see above. The second element -gils is an alternate form of -gísl and is related to Longobard gísil, "arrow-shaft" OW.Norse geisl "staff", and Old Icelandic geisli, "sun-shaft, sun beam". Overall this name-element has a sense of "a shaft typical of a weapon or a part of a weapon." The name may also be linked to OW.Norse gísl "hostage". Found in Old Swedish as Adhils and in OW.Norse as Aðils. Runic examples include the nominative form aþisl and the accusative form aþisl. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. | GB p. 7 s.nn. Aðgils, Aðísl; FJ pp. 342, 349 s.n. Að-, -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.n. Aðísl, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Áfastr | Found in Sweden in the Latin form Afwastus and in the Old Swedish form Avæst. The first element is perhaps derived from Germanic *az-, "point, edge" or "fear, anxiety." The second element, -fastr is from the OW.Norse adjective fastr "firm, fast, strong." Found in the runic accusative form afast. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. | CV p. 145 s.v. fastr; NR s.n. Áfastr, Á-, -fastr, Fasti |
| Afi | Originally a nickname meaning "grandfather." Some instances found in Danish, including the variant Awi from an 11th century coin and the Latin Awo. Not recorded in West Scandinavia. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Avelunt, Auelunt, Avetorp, Auetorp. | FJ pp. 1 s.n. Afi |
| Afvaldr | For the second element -valdr see above. | GB p. 7 s.n. Afvaldr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Ágautr | Found in Old Danish as Agot. For the first element Á- see above. The second element -gautr was originally a Swedish name element, meaning "man from Gautland, Götlander." Side forms -gotr, -gutr and weak forms -gauti, -goti, -guti also exist. The Cleasby-Vigfusson dictionary notes that the masculine name Gautr is a poetical name for Óðinn, and suggests that it may mean "father". Found in the runic accusative form akaut. | FJ pp. 348-349 s.nn. -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.n. Ágautr, Á-, -gautr, Gautr |
| Ágeirr | For the first element Á- see above. The second element -geirr is identical with Old Icelandic geirr, "spear". Found in the runic nominative forms [aker] and akiR. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ágeirr; FJ pp. 342, 349 s.nn. A-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. ÁgæiRR, Á-, -gæiRR |
| Aggi, Agi | Probably short forms of some name based on Ag-, possibly from Old West Scandinavian agi, "awe, terror". May instead be derived from *AgæiRR, "weapon point + spear" Found often in Old Danish. A few instances of agi appear in West Scandinavia, but seem to always refer to Danes. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Agge (c. 1189-1260), Aggi (1202), Aghi (1202), Aki (1202). | FJ pp. 1-2, 342 s.nn. Aggi, Agi, Ag- |
| Agmundr, Ögmundr | Formed from *Aga-, represented in Old West Scandinavian as agi, "awe, terror" or possibly a German origin as *ag-, "point, weapon point." The second element -mundr comes either from Old West Scandinavian *-munduR, "protector" or possibly from Old Icelandic mundr meaning "gift." Found in Old Swedish as Aghmund and in OW.Norse as Ögmundr. In Norwegian found as Amundr and Ögmundr. Runic examples include the nominative forms agmunr, agmuntr, ahmuntr, ahmutr, aukmuntr and the accusative forms agmunt, akmunt, [akmunt], [in]hmuntr, ukmut. Anglo-Scandinavian variants include Agemund (c. 1086-1226), Aghemund (1142-1153), Agmund (c. 1150), Hamund (c. 1150-1160), Haghemund (c. 1155), Aghemund (c. 1160), Augmund (c. 1180-1190), Aggemund (1202). A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. | FJ pp. 2-3, 342, 350 s.nn. Agmundr, Ag-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.n. Agmundr / Ögmundr, Ag-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Agnarr | For the first element Ag- see above. | GB p. 7 s.n. Agnarr; FJ p. 342 s.n. Ag- |
| Agni | This name may be found in Old Danish as Aghen. Found in Old Swedish as Agne, and in OW.Norse Agni. Derived from Germanic *az- "point" or "anxiety, fear", corresponding to OH.Germ. Agino. Found in the runic nominative form ahni. | GB p. 7 s.n. Agni; FJ p. 342 s.n. Ag-; NR s.n. Agni |
| Águti | For the first element Á- see above. The second element -guti seems to be the same word as the masculine name Guti, from OW.Norse goti "Gaut, Götlander," but may also be a weak side-form of the second element -gautr, above. Runic examples include the nominative forms agotihi, akuti, ak(u)ti, akyti, ak-(t)in and the accusative forms aguta, akut-. | FJ pp. 342, 348-349 s.nn. Á-, -gauti; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.n. Águti, Á-, -gautr, Guti, -guti |
| Agviðr | For the first element Ag- see above. The second element -viðr is identical with Old Icelandic viðr, "tree, wood". This name is found in Old Danish as Aghwith. Runic examples include the nominative forms [ahuiþr] and ahuiþr. | FJ pp. 342, 352 s.nn. Ag-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Agviðr, Ag-, Við-, -viðr |
| Ailmær | Originally the Old English name Æthelmær. Runic examples include the nominative forms ailmer and almer. | NR s.n. Ailmær |
| Áki | This name is found in Old Danish as Aki, in Old Swedish as Ake and in OW.Norse as Áki. This name may either represent a diminuitive form with the -k second element of *anuR "forefather, ancestor," or it may be a byname with a second element from *anu-, "ancestor." This name is considered to be equivalent to the Old High German name Anihho. Frequent in Denmark, where it is also found in the Latin form Aco. Also frequent in Sweden. Not found in Norway until ca. 1300. May be present in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Achi (1142-1155), Aki (c. 1200-1248), Acche (c. 1200), Acke (c. 1160), Acca (1409), Ace (1166-1409), Hacche (c. 1168), Acki (1185), Hacke (c. 1190-1245), Ache (c. 1200-1225), Ake (1202), Akke (1202), etc. Runic examples include the nominative forms aki, oaki and the accusative form aka. | FJ pp. 3-5 s.n. Áki; NR s.n. Áki |
| Ákimann | "Áki's man." Hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian construction. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Ackeman, Ackemann (c. 1190-1212), Okeman (c. 1218-1219), Akkeman (c. 1218-1219). | FJ pp. 5-6 s.nn. Ákimann |
| Álarr | The first element Al- or Ól- is derived from Germanic *ala- or *alla- "all, whole", or it may be derived from Primitive Scandinavian *alu "defense, protection, luck", from *aþal- "noble, foremost" or even from OW.Norse alfr, "elf". The second element -arr has several possible origins. It may be from *-harjaR, "army leader, general, warrior", or from *-warjaR "one who wards, defender", or from *-gaiRaR "spear." | GB p. 8 s.n. Álarr; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Al-, -arr; NR s.nn. Al-, -arr |
| Albóðr | Albóðr is an Old Low German name. For the Al- see above. The second element -bóðr is from Germanic *-baud- or perhaps *-búd- (from the verb bjuda). The earlier understandings of this name are recently contradicted by new understandings of pronunciation. Found in the runic accusative form alboþ. | FJ p. 342 s.n. Al-; NR s.nn. Albóðr, Al- |
| Albrikt | For the Al- see above. | GB p. 7 s.n. Albrikt; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Al-; NR s.nn. Al- |
| Aldi | Short form for names in Ald- (see below). Found in the runic nominative form [alti]. | NR s.nn. Aldi |
| Aldúlfr, Adúlfr | The first element Ald- is from the Germanic adjective *alða- "old", and is related to Gothic alds, Old High German ald, alt, and Old English eald. The second element -úlfr and the side form -ólfr are from *wulfaR, "wolf". When this second element appears in the latter part of masculine names, it is always pronounced as -ólfr, and quite often spelled that way as well. Compare with the Old High German name Aldulf. A short form of names in Ald- is Aldi. | GB p. 7 s.n. Adúlfr; FJ pp. 351 s.n. -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. Ald-, Aldi, -ulfR |
| Aldviðr | For the first element Ald- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms altuiþr. Also occurs as the Old Götlandic name Aldviðr, which is documented in a medieval runic inscription G151. A short form of names in Ald- is Aldi. | CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Aldviðr, Ald-, -viðr, Aldi |
| Áleifr, Óláfr, ÁlæifR | The first element in this name is derived from *Anu-, "ancestor" (see Á- above). The second element -leifr or -læifR is derived from Primitive Scandinavian *-laibaR and is related to OW.Norse leif "inheritance, legacy", but as an element in personal names meaning "one who comes after, heir." Variants in -lafR derive from a Primitive Scandinavian shortening of /ai/ > /a/. This name appears in West Scandinavia, however the form Óláfr is more common in West Scandinavia. Skjöldunga saga has a legendary Danish king with a Latinized form of this name, Aleifus. Danish place-name evidence suggests that the forms Alef and Alaf were also current in Denmark, but the usual forms in East Scandinavia were Olaf and Olef. Found in the runic accusative forms [(a)l(a)ib] and a-(in)b. May be present in the Anglo-Scandinavian name Allef. | FJ pp. 6, 342, 350 s.nn. Áleifr, Á-, -leifr; CV p. 381 s.v. leif; NR s.nn. ÁlæifR, Á-, -læifR, ÓlafR, ÓlæifR |
| Alfarr | The first element Alf- is identical with Old Icelandic alfr, "elf, a type of subterranean being, ancestral spirit." Found in Old Danish as Alvar and in OW.Norse as Álfarr. Occurs in the runic accusative form alfar. For the second element -arr see above. | FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Alf-, -arr; NR s.nn. Alfarr, Alf-, -arr |
| Alfarinn | For the first element Alf- see above. The second element -arinn may either come from arinn, "hearth," or more likely from *arin-, which is related to örn, "eagle". | GB p. 7 s.n. Alfarinn; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Alf-, -arna; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr |
| Alfgautr, Algautr | For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -gautr see above. Found in Old Danish as Algut, in Old Swedish as Algot or Algut, and in OW.Norse as Algautr. Occurs in the runic nominative forms alfkautr and alkautr. | GB p. 7 s.n. Algautr; FJ pp. 342, 348-349 s.nn. Alf-, -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.nn. Alfgautr, Alf-, -gautr |
| Álfgeirr, Alfgeirr | For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Occurs early in Norway, but is rare. Found in Sweden as the runic inscription alfkiR. May be present in Danish, where it may be included in Alger, which can also be a form of the Latin name Algerus. Found in OW.Norse as Álfgeirr. Runic examples include the nominative form alfkeR and the accusative form alfkiR. Anglo-Scandinavian forms may include the place-names Algerahge (1189), Algaretoft (1226), Algarlowe (1483), Alfgerriding (c. 1170) and the names Alfgare, Alfgar, Alger (1086-1298), Algar (1202). | GB p. 8 s.n. Álfgeirr; FJ pp. 6-7, 342, 349 s.nn. Alfgeirr, Alf-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. AlfgæiRR, Alf-, -alfr, -gæiRR |
| Alfgrímr | An Anglo-Scandinavian name. For the first element Alf- see above. The second element -grímr is identical with Old Icelandic grímr, "mask," used of a helm which hides the face. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian name Algrim and the place-name Algrimhou (c. 1200's). | FJ pp. 7, 342, 349 s.nn. *Alfgrímr, Alf-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr, -grímR |
| Alfketill, Alfkæll | For the first element Alf- see above. The second element -ketill, originally "kettle" but meaning also "helmet" or "chieftain with helmet." Names with the -ketill second element often have a side form using -kell. Not found in West Scandinavia. Found in Old Danish as Alfkil. Runic examples include the nominative form alfkil and the accusative form [alfkit]. Anglo-Scandinavian variants include Alfcetel (c. 1050), Alchil, Alchel, Alfkild, Alkild (1183-1186), Alkilde (1183-1186), Alfkil (1189-1214). | FJ pp. 8, 342, 349 s.nn. Alfketill, Alf-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Alfkæll, Alf-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| AlflakR | For the first element Alf- see above. The second element is a form of the name element -læikR, from OW.Norse leikr "play, weapon-play, battle", which is in turn from Primitive Scandinavian *laikaR, though as a personal name element it may instead represent a name derived from the OW.Norse verb leika, "to participate in play". Occasionally this second element will occur as the variant form -lakR or -lákR, which derives from a Primitive Scandinavian shortening of /ai/ > /a/. This name is found in the runic accusative form alflak. A short form of names in -leikr is Leikr. | FJ pp. 185-186, 342 s.nn. Alf-, -leikr, Leikr; CV pp. 382-383 s.v. leika, leikr; NR s.nn. AlflakR, Alf-, -læikR/-lakR |
| Álfljótr | For the first element Alf- see above. The second element -ljótr may come either from Old Icelandic ljótr, "ugly" or from Old Icelandic *ljótr "giving light" and related to Old English leoht. | GB p. 8 s.n. Álfljótr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Alf-, -ljótr; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr |
| Álfr, Alfr | From *Aþa-wulfaR, *Aþa- being related to aðal-, "noble." For the second element -ulfr see above. Found frequently in Old West Scandinavian from the earliest period onwards, and occasionally found in Danish. Appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Alurestan and Alvestan. | GB p. 8 s.n. Álfr; FJ pp. 6, 342, 351 s.nn. Álfr, Að-, -ulfr; NR s.n. -ulfR |
| Álfráðr | For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -ráðr see above. | GB p. 8 s.n. Álfráðr; FJ pp. 342, 345 s.nn. Alf-, -ráðr; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr |
| AlfríkR | For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. Found in Old Danish as Alfrik and in OW.Norse as Alfríkr and possibly Alrekr. Runic examples include the nominative forms alfrik, alfrikr, alfr-k. | FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Alf-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. AlfríkR, Alf-, -ríkR |
| Álfrimr | For the first element Alf- see above. | GB p. 8 s.n. Álfrimr; FJ pp. 342 s.nn. Alf-; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr |
| Alfvaldr | For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. A coin from Lund, Sweden has the name Alfvold, which may however represent the Old English name Ælfweald. May appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Alwoldesbi, Alwoldebi, Aldulvebi, Aldulesbi, Alduoldebi, Aluuoldebi, Alwaldtofts (1292), as well as the names Aluuold (1086), and Alfwald, Alfuuold, Alfwold (1300's). | FJ pp. 8-9, 342, 351 s.nn. Alfvaldr, Alf-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr, -valdr |
| Alfvarðr | Hypothetical - forms that would result in this name may also be a loan from Old English, Ælfweard. For the first element Alf- see above. The second element -varðr may also occur as -vörðr, -orðr and -urðr in positions of secondary stress and is derived from *warðuR, Old Icelandic vörðr, varðr, "guard, watchman." Probably Danish, see the Danish runic inscription Aluarþ. Not recorded in West Scandinavia. May be found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Aluuarestorp, Alwardtorp (1235), Alwariding (1200's), Alwardethuait (1200's). | FJ pp. 9, 342, 351 s.nn. *Alfvarðr, Alf-, -varðr; CV p. 722 s.v. vörðr; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr, -varðr |
| Álfvarinn | For the first element Alf- see above. | GB p. 8 s.n. Álfvarinn; FJ pp. 342 s.nn. Alf-; NR s.nn. Alf-, -alfr |
| Alfvin, Ölfun | For the first element Alf- see above. The second element is from -vinr, which is identical to Old Icelandic vinr, "friend", in turn derived from *-winiz, "friend". Found in Old Danish as Alfwin and in Old Swedish Alwin. Found in the runic accusative forms alfuin and aulfun. | FJ p. 342, 351 s.nn. Alf-, -un(n); NR s.nn. Alfvin/Ölfun, Alf- |
| Algautr, Alfgautr | For the first element Alf- see above. For the second element -gautr see above. Found in Old Danish as Algut, in Old Swedish as Algot or Algut, and in OW.Norse as Algautr. Occurs in the runic nominative forms alfkautr and alkautr. | GB p. 7 s.n. Algautr; FJ pp. 342, 348-349 s.nn. Alf-, -gauti, -gautr; CV pp. 193 s.v. Gautr; NR s.nn. Alfgautr, Alf-, -gautr |
| Algísl | The derivation of the first element in this name is uncertain: it may derive from Alf- (see above) or from *alu (see above). For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Found in the runic nominative form alkisl. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. | FJ pp. 342, 349 s.nn. Alf-, Á-, -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Algísl, Alf-, Al-, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Áli or Alli | These two names are treated here as one, since when examining runic and place-name evidence, they cannot usually be distinguished. Áli is the diminuitive form with the -l- second element of a name from *Ana-, *Anu-, related to Old High German Analo, Anulo, Anilo and Old English Onela, or it may be the short form of ÁlæifR, ÓlafR. Alli may be a short form of names in Al- or Alf-. These names are found in Old Danish as Ali and Alli and in the Latinized form Allo, in Old Swedish as Ale or Alle, and in OW.Norse as Áli. The names cannot be told apart in the runic inscriptions: examples include the nominative forms ali, [ali], al|in|, in the genitive forms ala, [ala], alah and in the accusative forms ala, [ala], [alah]. One or the other of these names may appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Aletorp, Halebi, Alesbi, Alsebi, Aletoftegate (1200's), and the names Ale (1208), Alli (c. 1270), Ally (c. 1270), though some of these may instead derive from Old English Ala or Alla instead. | FJ pp. 9-10 s.nn. Áli, Alli; NR s.nn. Áli or Alli |
| Alibrandr | For the second element -brandr see above. | GB p. 7 s.n. Alibrandr; FJ pp. 348 s.n. -brandr; CV p. 76 s.n. brandr |
| Almárr | GB p. 7 s.n. Almarr; FJ p. 350 s.n. -márr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr | |
| Almgautr | The first element Alm- is from OW.Norse almr "elm-tree". For the second element -gautr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form almkautr and the accusative form [almkaut]. | FJ pp. 348-349 s.nn. -gauti, -gautr; NR s.nn. Almgautr, Alm-, Gautr, -gautr |
| Álmgeirr, Almgeirr | For the first element Alm- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Found as OW.Norse Álmgeirr. Occurs in the runic accusative form almkar. | GB p. 8 s.n. Álmgeirr; FJ pp. 349 s.nn. -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. AlmgæiRR, Alm-, -gæiRR |
| Almóðr | For the first element Al- see above. The second element -móðr is identical to Old Icelandic móðr "excitement, wrath." Found in Norwegian and Icelandic as Ólmóðr. Not found in East Scandinavia. An Anglo-Scandinavian form is found in the name Almod (1086). | FJ pp. 10, 342, 350 s.nn. Almóðr, Al-, -móðr; NR s.nn. Al-, -móðr |
| Alrekr, AlríkR | For the first element Al- see above. For the second element -rekr see above. Found in OW.Norse as Alrekr and as Ölrekr. For the Al- see above. For the second element -ríkr or -rekr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms Aliriku, alrikr, alrikR, al-ikr|, Alrik-, Aslriku and the genitive form alriks. | GB p. 7 s.n. Alrekr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Al-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. Al-; NR s.nn. AlríkR, Al-, RíkR, -ríkR |
| AlvéR, ÖlvéR, Ölvir | The first element Al- is derived either from *Alu- or *Ala- (see Al- above). One researcher considers that the first element in this name comes from Gothic alhs "temple" and that the original meaning thus should be "heathen priest". The derivation of the second element -véR or its side-form -vir is not certain. The name-element may derive from Germanic *-wíhaz, related to the Gothic adjective weihs, "holy," making the sense of the word "priest." Alternatively, -véR may be a formed from the Gothic verb weihan "to fight" and related to the OW.Norse noun víg, "fight, struggle," which would make the interpretation "warrior." This name is found in Old Danish as Ølvir, in Old Swedish as Alver or Ølver, and in OW.Norse as Ølvir. Runic examples include the nominative forms aluiR, [au]liR, oliR, uliR and the accusative forms alui, a(l)(u)in, (a)(l)ui. | GB p. 17 s.n. Ölvir; FJ pp. 342, 352 s.nn. Á-, -vér; NR s.nn. AlvéR/ÖlvéR, Al-, -véR |
| Alvini | The second element here is from -vinr (see above). | GB p. 7 s.n. Alvini; FJ p. 351 s.n. -un(n); NR s.nn. Alfvin/Ölfun |
| Ambi | Short form of Arnbjörn, "eagle bear." Found in Norway after 1300 as both a personal name and as a by-name. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian form Hambe. | FJ pp. 10, 342, 348 s.nn. Ambi, Arn-, -björn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn |
| Ámundi, Ámundr | The Á- first element derives from either *Ana-, "all" or *Aga-, which is related to Old West Scandinavian agi, "awe, terror" or possibly to *ag-, "point, weapon point." For the second element -mundr or the weak side-form -mundi see above. Found in Old Danish as Amundi, Old Swedish Amunde, OW.Norse Ámundi. Runic examples include the nominative forms amuit, amuti, [amut]in, [amuti], hamunti, the accusative forms hamnta, omunta and one example for which the case is uncertain, omuta. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian names Amund and Amundi (1206). A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. | FJ pp. 10, 342, 350 s.nn. Amundr, Á-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr; NR s.nn. Ámundi, Á-, -mundr, -mundi, Mundi |
| Án, Ánn | Possibly from *Aðwin. For the first element Að- see above. For the second element -vini or -vinr see above. This form appears only in Old West Scandinavian. A weak side-form äni is found in a Danish runic inscription, with a few other instances in old Danish. May appear in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Anesacre and Onesmor (1200's). | GB p. 8 s.nn. Án, Ánn; FJ p. 11, 342, 351 s.nn. Ánn, Að-, -un(n) |
| Andreas | Christian, Andrew. This Christian name appeared in Sweden in the late 1100's, but it was probably only used by clerics at that point. It did not become a common name until the 1300's. In Magnúss saga blinda og Haralds gilla (part of Snorri Sturluson's Heimskringla, written about 1220 or so), this name is shown as Andrés. | GB p. 7 s.n. Andreas; Academy of Saint Gabriel Report #1736 |
| Andríðr | GB p. 7 s.n. Andríðr | |
| Andsvarr, Ansvarr, Ansurr, Assurr, Össurr, Özurr | Derived from Primitive Scandinavian *and-swaruR "one who gives answer, avenger" (the first element and- "to, against" + the verb svara, "answer"). Found in Old Danish as Azur, Old Swedish Ansvar, Azur, OW.Norse Özurr. Runic examples include the nominative forms ansuar, [ansua...], asur, a[s]ur, a[su]r, [asur], atsir, atsor, atsur, ontsuar, [osuar], osur, [osur], [usur], [usurR], the genitive case forms ansuars, osuraR and the accusative case forms [asr], asur, [as]ur, [asur], ausr, onsur, osmr, osur, [usur]. | GB p. 17 s.n. Özurr; FJ pp. 36-37 s.nn. Atsurr; NR s.nn. An(d)svarr/Ansurr/Assurr/Össurr |
| Andvéttr | This word, found in runic inscriptions, may be a compound name formed from the first element and- "against/to" and the verb-stem from Primitive Scandinavian *wít-, thus " one who turns against, opponent, adversary, enemy, foe". The origins of the word are unclear. May be found in Old Swedish as Andvidh. Runic examples include the nominative forms [anituitr], antuetr, antuitr, [antuitr], [antuitR], an(u)(in)(t)r, atuitr, ontuitr, the genitive form antuita and the accusative forms anhuit, antuit, ant[ui]t, anuit, ontuit. | NR s.nn. Andvéttr |
| Áni | Of unclear origin. May be a diminuitive or pet name from OW.Norse Ánn or Ónn. Found in Old Danish as Ani, Old Swedish Ane, OW.Norse Áni. Runic examples include the nominative forms [a]ni, oni. | GB p. 8 s.n. Áni; NR s.nn. Áni |
| Anki | Short form of names beginning with either Arng- or Arnk-, both from örn, "eagle." Recorded once in Sweden in 1489, possibly found in some Norwegian personal names as well. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Anche (1142), Anke (early 1200's), Anca (1165-1185), Hanke (late 1200's). | FJ pp. 10 s.nn. Anki |
| Anundr, Anvindr, Önundr, Anundi | The origins of this name are unclear. The first element may derive from *Anu- ("ancestor, forefather"), while Fellows-Jensen suggests that it derives from *and, the preposition "against". The derivation of the second element, -vindr or the side-form -undr is also unclear, and several possible explanations are given. It may possibly derive from Germanic *-winðuz, *uen-tu-s, from the root *uen-, "to win, prevail, triumph, be victorious." Fellows-Jensen suggests it may be "Wend, Wendish". Found in Old Danish as Anund, in Old Swedish as Anund, and in OW.Norse as Önundr. Also frequent in Skåne and Halland, and appears in Swedish runic inscriptions. Runic examples include the nominative forms anuatr, anun, anunr, |anunr, [anunR], anuntr, anu[n]tr, [anuntr], a(n)untra, anun-[r], anutr, (a)nutr, [anutR], onontr, onunr, onuntr, onutr, the genitive forms anunta, anutar, anutaR, onunt*ar, onutar and the accusative forms anunt, anut, onunt, onut. Appears in the Latinized Anglo-Scandinavian form Anandus (1160-1180). The name Anundi is a weak side-form of Anundr/Önundr, and occurs in runic inscriptions in the genitive form anunta and the accusative form anuta. | FJ pp. 11, 342, 352 s.nn. Anundr, Á-, -vindr; NR s.nn. Anundr/Önundr, Anundi, Á-, -undr/-vindr |
| Api | Originally a by-name meaning "fool", from OW.Norse api, "ape, foolish person". Possibly found in the Norwegian place-name Apnes. Found in Old Danish as Api. Runic examples include the nominative form abi and the accusative form aba, though these may derive instead from the name Abbi or Æbbi. A hypothetical form, *Appi, is hypothesized from a Danish place name. May occur in the Anglo-Scandinavian palcename Apedale (c. 1175). | FJ pp. 11 s.nn. Api; NR s.nn. Api, Abbi, Æbbi |
| Ari | Found in Old Danish as Ari, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Ari. From OW.Norse ari "eagle." This name may also be understood as a short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn-. Runic examples include the nominative forms ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Ari; NR s.nn. Ari |
| Arinbjörn, Arinbiörn, Arnbjörn, Arnbiörn | For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -björn see above. One of the most common names in Norway through the whole medieval period. Found in Old Danish as Arnbiorn, Ernbiorn and the Latinized form Arnbernus. Found in Old Swedish Anbiorn, Arnbiorn, Ærinbiorn, Ærnbiorn. Occurs in OW.Norse as Arinbiörn, Arnbiörn. Runic examples include the nominative forms ar[b]iurn, [ar]biurn, [arliurn], [irbiarn], the genitive forms (a)nbiarnar and [arinbiarnaR], and the accusative forms arbion, erbrn, eriibiun, [ernbiorn]. Found in several Anglo-Scandinavian names including Erneberne, Gerneber, Gerneberne, Hernebern (1185), Arnebertus (1166-1191), Arberni (c. 1190-1195), Arenibern (1194), Arnbern (1295). The short form of this name is Ambi. A short form used for names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -björn is Bjarni. | FJ pp. 12, 342, 348 s.nn. Arnbjörn, Arn-, -björn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)nbiörn, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -biörn, Biarni |
| Ármóðr | For the second element -móðr see above. | GB p. 7 s.n. Ármóðr; FJ pp. 350; NR s.n. -móðr |
| Arn | Arn may be derived from örn, "eagle" or may be a side-form of the Anglo-Scandinavian name Arni, which is a short form for names beginning in Arn-. | FJ pp. 11-12 s.nn. Arn, Arni; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnaldr | Names with a first element of Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn- or Ærinn- are alternate forms of the OW.Norse bird-names örn, ari "eagle". Different explanations of these alternate forms are given. The name-element might also considered to be identical to OW.Norse arinn "hearth". A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnaldr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnbjörn, Arnbiörn, Arinbiörn | For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -björn see above. One of the most common names in Norway through the whole medieval period. Found in Old Danish as Arnbiorn, Ernbiorn and the Latinized form Arnbernus. Found in Old Swedish Anbiorn, Arnbiorn, Ærinbiorn, Ærnbiorn. Occurs in OW.Norse as Arinbiörn, Arnbiörn. Runic examples include the nominative forms ar[b]iurn, [ar]biurn, [arliurn], [irbiarn], the genitive forms (a)nbiarnar and [arinbiarnaR], and the accusative forms arbion, erbrn, eriibiun, [ernbiorn]. Found in several Anglo-Scandinavian names including Erneberne, Gerneber, Gerneberne, Hernebern (1185), Arnebertus (1166-1191), Arberni (c. 1190-1195), Arenibern (1194), Arnbern (1295). The short form of this name is Ambi. A short form used for names in Arn-, Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -björn is Bjarni. | FJ pp. 12, 342, 348 s.nn. Arnbjörn, Arn-, -björn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)nbiörn, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -biörn, Biarni |
| Arnbrandr | A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation. For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -brandr see above. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian place-name Arbrandwyth and the names Ernebrand, Arnebrand, Arnebraunk (1251), Arnebrandus (1200's). A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | FJ pp. 12, 342 s.nn. *Arnbrandr, Arn-, -brandr, 348; CV p. 76 s.n. brandr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnfastr | For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Found in Old Danish as Arnfast, in Old Swedish as Anfast, Arnfast, Arvast, Arnvast, Ærnvast and in OW.Norse as Arnfastr. Runic examples include the nominative forms arfastr, [arnfastr], [erefast], ernfast, ernfastr, ernf(a)(s)tr, [ernfastr], irinfastr, irnfastr, [irnfatr], [-rnfastr] and the accusative forms airnfast, arfast, arnfast, [erfast], [...rnfas].... A short form used for names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. | FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn-; CV p. 145 s.v. fastr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)nfastr, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -fastr, Fasti |
| Arnfiðr | For the first element Arn- see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnfiðr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnfinnr | For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -finnr is identical with Old Icelandic finnr, which means "Sámi, Laplander." The word is often mistranslated as "a person from Finland, a Finn". A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnfinnr; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Arn-, -finnr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arngeirr | For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Borne by one of the Landnámsmenn (original Icelandic settlers) and found frequently in Iceland. Found in Old Danish as Arnger and the Latinized form Arngerus, in Old Swedish as Anger, Arnger, Æringer, Ærnger and in OW.Norse as Arngeirr. Runic examples include the nominative forms ark(a)..., arkir, arnkeR U720, erinker, irnkaiR and the genitive form arnk=airs. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Arnenger and Arngar (1185). The short form of names in Arng- and Arnk- is Anki, or the short form of names in Arn-, Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | FJ pp. 13, 342, 349 s.nn. Arngeirr, Arn-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)ngæiRR, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -gæiRR |
| Arngrímr | For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. Found frequently in Iceland, and it must have been fairly common in Norway as well. Occasional instances found in East Scandinavia are the names of moneyers, who may have come from the Danelaw. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Argrim, Arengrimus (c. 1224), Arnegrim (c. 1180), Arngrim (c. 1200-1240), Argrim (1230-1240), Arengrim (1219-1250), Arnegrun (1298), Argrym (1298). The short form of names in Arng- and Arnk- is Anki, or the short form of names in Arn-, Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | FJ pp. 13-14, 342, 349 s.nn. Arngrímr, Arn-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -grímR |
| Arnhaldr | For the first element Arn- see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnhaldr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn-; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnhallr | For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -hallr is identical to Old Icelandic hallr, "flat stone". A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnhallr; FJ pp. 342, 344 s.nn. Arn-, -hallr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnhvatr | For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -hvatr and its weak side form hvati are related to the OW.Norse adjective hvatr "quick, bold, brave, daring, manly." Runic examples include the nominative forms anuatr, a(r)uatr. A short form used for names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn-; CV pp. 297 s.v. hvatr; NR s.nn. Arn-/Ærnhvatr, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, Hvatr, -hvatr |
| Árni | See Arn above. A short form of masculine names in Arn-, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-. Found in Old Danish as Arni, in Old Swedish as Arne, and in OW.Norse as Árni. Runic examples include the nominative form arni, the genitive form arna, the dative form arno and the accusative form arna. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 8 s.n. Árni; FJ pp. 11-12, 342 s.nn. Arn, Arni, Arn-; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnniútr | For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -niútr is from the OW.Norse verb njóta, "have to use and enjoy", thus "one who has or enjoys." Occurs in the runic nominative form orniutr. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | FJ pp. 342 s.n. Arn-; CV p. 456 s.v. njóta; NR s.nn. Arnniútr, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -niútr |
| Arnketill, Arnkell | For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. Appears in one early instance in Iceland and a few later cases in Norway. Found in Old Danish as Arnketil, in Old Swedish as Ærnkil and in OW.Norse as Arnkell. Runic examples include the nominative forms arkil, arn-il and the accusative forms [arnki...], rkil. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include the place-names Arkelcroft (1163), Archelcroft (1100's), Harchelcroft (1100's), Arkelhowe (c. 1220), Arkelrighes, Arketelesneuland (1360), Arthelrow (1611), Arkelmire (1100's), Arkillesgarth (1199), Arkelbek (1226), etc. and the names Archil (1086), Arketil (late 1100's), Arkel (c. 1225), Arketel (1256), Arkil (1185-1243), Arkyl (1227-1243) etc. The short form of names in Arng- and Arnk- is Anki, or the short form of names in Arn-, Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnkell; FJ pp. 14-16, 342, 349 s.nn. Arnketill, Arn-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Arn-/Ærnkæ(ti)ll, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Arnketilbarn | "Young Arnketill." A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian formation from Arnketill, see above. The second element -barn means "child, young man." Assumed to be the root of the Anglo-Scandinavian name Archilbar. The short form of names in Arng- and Arnk- is Anki, or the short form of names in Arn-, Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | FJ pp. 14-16, 342, 349 s.nn. *Arnketilbarn, Arn-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnlaugr | For the first element Arn- see above. The second elementes -laugr, -laug, logr, -lugr are of uncertain origin. May possibly be related to Old Icelandic laug and Latin lavare, in an ancient sense of "bathing for religious purification". Nordisk runnamnslexikon suggests that this name element is derived from Germanic *-laug- and that it is identical to the Gothic verb liugan "give holy vows, enter into marriage," and that therefore the name-element may then originally have the meaning, "one who is promised or dedicated (to)." One settler in Greenland bore this name, but not found elsewhere in West Scandinavia. A few instances of the form Arløgh are found in Denmark. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnlaugr; FJ pp. 16, 342, 350 s.nn. Arnlaugr, Arn-, -laugr; CV pp. 374 s.v. laug def. IV; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -laugR |
| Arnljótr | For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -ljótr see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnljótr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Arn-, -ljótr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnmóðr | For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -móðr see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnmóðr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Arn-, -móðr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -móðr |
| Arnmundr | For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -mundr or the weak side-form -mundi see above. Found in Old Swedish as Armund, Arnmund, Ærmund, Ærnmund. Runic examples include the nominative forms [arfuntr], arinmu(n), ar(m)untr, armutR, erinmontr, ermuntr, (in)rin[m]utr, iri-muntr, [irmuntr], [ir-mut...] and the accusative forms erinmunt, ermutr, ermu-, irinmunt, [irmunt], [irm...], irnmunt. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. | FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Arn-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)nmundr, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Arnoddr | For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -oddr is identical with Old Icelandic oddr, "point, weapon-point, spear-point, arrow-point." Borne by one of the Landnámamenn in Iceland and popular there afterwards, found once in Old Danish but not in Norway. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. A short form of masculine names in Odd-, -uddr/-oddr or derived from Oddr is Oddi. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnoddr; FJ pp. 16-17, 342, 350 s.nn. Arnoddr, Arn-, -oddr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, Uddi |
| Arnórr, Arnþórr, Arndórr | For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -þórr, found also as -dórr, is the god's name, Þórr. Early West Scandinavian forms use Arnþórr or Arndórr, but later forms are always Anðor or Andor. Andor is the only form found in Danish or Swedish. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include the place-name Amthorhegge (1189) and the names Artor (1086), Arþor (c. 1050). A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.nn. Arnórr, Arnþórr; FJ pp. 17, 342, 347, 351 s.nn. Arnþórr, Arn-, -þórr, Þór-; CV p. 743 s.v. Þórr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnríðr | For the first element Arn- see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnríðr; FJ p. 342 s.n. Arn-; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnrøðr | For the first element Arn- see above. The second element is from -frøðr, derived from *friðuR, "love, peace". Appears occasionally in Norway after 1341, usually with the spelling Androder. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | FJ pp. 17, 342, 348 s.nn. Arnrøðr, Arn-, -røðr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arnsteinn | Found in Old Danish as Arnsten, Old Swedish A(r)nsten, OW.Norse Arnsteinn. For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms arn×[stin], ersten and the accusative form ars(t)[in]. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnsteinn; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.nn. Arn-, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Arn-/Ærnstæinn, Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -stæinn |
| Arnulfr, Örnulfr | Found in Old Danish as Arnulf, Old Swedish Arnulf, Arnolf, Ær(in)nolf, OW.Norse Örnólfr. For the first element Arn- or Örn- see above. For the second element -ulfr see above. Frequently found from early on in Old West Scandinavian, mainly in the Örnulfr form. Runic examples include the nominative form arulfr and the accusative form anulf. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include the place-names Ernulfestorp, Einulvestorp, Hernoldesthorp (1147) and the names Ernulfus (1409), Arnulfi (c. 1190), Arnolf' (1202), Arnolfo (1182-c. 1210). A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | FJ pp. 17-18, 342, 351 s.nn. Arnulfr, Arn-, -ulfr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n-, -ulfR |
| Arnviðr | For the first element Arn- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnviðr; FJ pp. 342, 352 s.nn. Arn-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- Við-, -viðr |
| Arnþjófr | For the first element Arn- see above. The second element -þjófr is either identical to Old Icelandic þjófr, "thief," or is derived from Primitive Scandinavian *-þewaR, "servant". A short form of names in Arn- is Arni. A short form of names in Arn-, Arinn-, Ærn-, Ærinn- is Ari. | GB p. 7 s.n. Arnþjófr; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.nn. Arn-, -þjófr; NR s.nn. Ar(in)n-/Ær(in)n- |
| Arta | Possibly also found as the Old Swedish man's by-name Arte (?). From the OW.Norse bird-name arta, the Garganey (Linn. Anas querquedula), a type of duck. Runic examples include the nominative forms [arta]. | NR s.n. Arta |
| Aron | Christian, form of Aaron | GB p. 7 s.n. Aron |
| Ásbjörn | Found in Old Danish as Esbiorn, Old Swedish Asbiorn, Æsbiorn, OW.Norse Ásbiörn. The first element Ás- or Ós- is from *ansu and related to Old Icelandic áss or óss, "a god." For the second element -björn see above. This name was popular in Norway from the mid 9th century onward. The Æsbjörn form was common in Danish with a few instances in Norway, probably as loans from East Scandinavian. Danish runic inscriptions have usbiaur, cf. the Normandy form, Osbern. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Esbern, Osbern, Sbern, Sberne, Hosber, Hoseber, Hosbern, Asbearn, Asbeorn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -björn is Bjarni. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásbjörn; FJ pp. 18-19, 342, 348 s.nn. Ásbjörn, Esbjörn, Ás-, -björn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Ásbiörn/Æsbiörn, Ás-/Æs-, -biörn, Biarni |
| Ásbrandr | For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -brandr see above. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásbrandr; FJ pp. 342, 348 s.nn. Ás-, -brandr; CV p. 76 s.n. brandr; NR s.n. Ás-/Æs- |
| ÁsdiarfR | Also occurs in Old Swedish as Asdiærf. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -diarfR see above. Occurs in the runic nominative form astiarfr. | FJ p. 342 s.n. Ás-; CV p. 100 s.v. djarfr; NR s.n. ÁsdiarfR, Ás-/Æs-, -diarfR |
| Ásfarð | English form of Norse Ásfriðr. Found in the runic nominative form asfarþ. | FJ p. 342 s.n. Ás-; NR s.n. Ásfarð, Ás-/Æs-, fríðr |
| Ásfastr | Found in Old Swedish as Asfast. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -fastr see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form asfast. A short form of names in Fast- or -fastr is Fasti. | FJ pp. 342, 343 s.nn. Ás-, Fast-; CV p. 145 s.v. fastr; NR s.n. Ásfastr, Ás-/Æs-, -fastr, Fasti |
| Ásfrøðr, Ásfriðr, Ásfríðr, Asroðr | For the first element Ás- see above. The second element may be -friðr or -frøðr from *friðuR, "love, peace" or -fríðr from *friðioR, related to the OW.Norse adjective fríðr "beautiful" (in the original sense of "beloved," consider the pret. part. of the OW.Norse verb frjá "to love") and the Götlandic frijion, "to love" with an original meaning of "beloved" and later meaning "fair." Rare in Scandinavia. Danish forms include Osfrid, Asferth, Asferd and a runic form, asfarþ, all of which may have entered Danish from Anglo-Scandinavian names influenced by the Anglo-Saxon forms Osferð, Osfrið. One of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn carried a form of this name, Asroðr. A runic inscription from the Isle of Man has äsruþr. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Ansfrid, Anfrido, Anfredi, Anfridus, Asferth, also Ashfor, Alford, Hasford, Esford, Asford, Asfort, Asforth. | FJ pp. 19-20, 342, 348 s.nn. Ásfriðr, Ásfrøðr, Ás-, -friðr, -frøðr; NR s.n. Ás-/Æs-, -fríðr, Ásfarð |
| Ásgautr | Found in Old Danish as Asgut, in Old Swedish as Asgot or Asgut, and in OW.Norse as Ásgautr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -gautr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms asgautr, askutr, [askutr], [askytr], (a)s[nu]tr, [(in)sk(u)tr], oaskut:ar, osgutr, [(o)sgutr], oskautr, oskautrR, oskutr, [oskutr], the genitive form oskaus, and the accusative forms askaut, askut, oskut. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásgautr; FJ pp. 20-22, 342, 348-349 s.nn. Ásgautr, Ás-, -gauti, -gautr; NR s.nn. Ásgautr, Ás-/Æs-, Gautr, -gautr |
| Ásgeirr | Found in Old Danish as Asger or Esger, in Old Swedish as Asger and Æsger, and in OW.Norse as Ásgeirr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Commonly found in Norway ca. 800's, less frequent later. Runic examples include the nominative forms [a]skaiR, askeiR, askiR, oskaiR, [oskaiR], oskir, the genitive case forms askis, [in]sgis, oskis, and the accusative forms [asaaiR], [askair], [askir], askiR, eskiR, iskir, osgiR, oski. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Asger, Asgar, Ansgerus, Asgeri, Angeri, Angero, Esgari, Ansgero, Ansgaro, Anger. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásgeirr; FJ pp. 22-24, 342, 349 s.nn. Ásgeirr, Esger, Ás-, -geirr; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.nn. ÁsgæiRR/ÆsgæiRR, Ás-/Æs-, -gæiRR |
| Ásgísl | For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Occurs in the runic accusative form [hskis]. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. | FJ pp. 342, 349 s.nn. Ás-, -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Ásgísl, Ás-/Æs-, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Ásgrímr | For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásgrímr; FJ pp. 342, 349 s.n. Ás-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. gríma; NR s.nn. Ás-/Æs-, -grímR |
| Ási | Short form of names beginning in Ás-. Found in Old Danish as Asi, Esi, Ose, in Old Swedish as Ase or Asi, and in OW.Norse as Ási. Rare in West Scandinavia, however the father of one of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn had this name. Runic examples include the nominative form asi and the accusative form asa. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Ase, Ese, Æse, Asi. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ási; FJ pp. 24 s.nn. Ási, Esi; NR s.n. Ási/Æsi, Ás-/Æs- |
| Áskell, Ásketill | For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -ketill or -kell see above. The masculine name Áskell, Ásketill is found in Old Danish as Askil or Eskil, in Old Swedish as Askel and Æskil, and in Old West Norse as Áskell. Runic examples of this name include the nominative forms: askel, askil, ask(in)l, askl, eski, eskil, iskil, oskihl; and the accusative forms: eskil, isikl, [iskii], iskil, oskil, oskl, Rskil. Danish runic inscriptions have forms askil, askl, iskil, eskil, æshkil, äskl. Other Danish sources have Eskil, Æskil, and the Latinized forms Eskillus, Eschillus, Esquillus. Found frequently in Swedish as Æskil. This name was also one of the most common Scandinavian names in Normandy, as Achitil, Anchitil, Aschitil, Anschitil, Achetil, Anchetil, Aschetil, Anschetil and Latin versions of all of these ending in -us. Because of the popularity of the Norman name forms, variants are frequently found in post-Conquest British sources, however Anglo-Scandinavian forms predating the Conquest also appear: Asketel, Askytel, Aschil, Aschil and others. | GB p. 8 s.nn. Áskell, Ásketill; FJ pp. 25-32, 342, 349 s.n. Ásketill, Eskil, Ás-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.nn. Áskæll/Æskæll, Ás-/Æs-, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Askr | GB p. 7 s.n. Askr | |
| Ásl, Ösl | Found in Old Danish as Asl or Asel. The first element in this name comes from Primitive Scandinavian *Ana- or *Anu- (see Á- above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Runic examples include the nominative form ays- and the accusative forms asl, osl, usl. Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. | CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Ásl/Ösl, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Áslákr, Ásleikr | Found in Old Danish and in Old Swedish as Aslak, and in OW.Norse as Áslákr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -lakr or -leikr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms aslak, aslakR, oslaks, [uslakr] and the accusative form oslak. A short form of names in -leikr is Leikr. | GB p. 8 s.nn. Áslákr, Ásleikr; FJ pp. 33-34, 185-186. 342, 350 s.nn. Áslákr, Ásleikr, Ás-, -lákr, -leikr, Leikr; CV pp. 382-383 s.v. leika, leikr; NR s.nn. ÁslakR, ÁslæikR, Ás-/Æs-, -læikR/-lakR |
| Ásleifr | For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -leifr see above. Found in Old Danish as Aslef and in OW.Norse as Ásleifr. Found in the runic accusative case form oslf. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásleifr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Ás-, -leifr; CV p. 381 s.v. leif; NR s.n. ÁslæifR, Ás-/Æs-, -læifR/-lafR |
| Ásli | In Norway appears as a side form of Atli. Found as Danish, Swedish and Anglo-Scandinavian names as a short form of a name in Ásl-. For the first element Ás- see above. | FJ pp. 34, 342 s.nn. Ásli, Ás- |
| Ásmarr | Found in OW.Norse as Ásmarr. For the first element Ás- see above. The second element -marr comes from the OW.Norse adjective mærr, "famous, glorious, great", derived in turn from the proto-Scandinavian máriR "to distinguish, to praise, to commend". Runic examples include the nominative form [nsmar] and the accusative form osmr. | FJ pp. 342, 350 s.nn. Ás-, -márr; CV pp. 418, 443 s.v. -már, mærr; NR s.n. Ásmarr, Ás-/Æs-, -mærr |
| Ásmóðr | Found in Old Danish as Asmoth and in OW.Norse as Ásmóðr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -móðr see above. Runic examples include the nominative form asmuþ. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásmóðr; FJ pp. 342, 350 s.n. Ás-, -móðr; NR s.n. Ás-/Æs- |
| Ásmundr | Found in Old Danish as Asmund, Osmund, in Old Swedish as Asmund, and in OW.Norse as Ásmundr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -mundr see above. Found frequently in Iceland and Norway from the 900's on, and the form Osmundr appears after 1290. Runic examples include the nominative forms [aosmuntr], asmuhtr, asmund, asmunr, asmuntr, asmutr, [osmunr], osmunrt, [osmunrt], osmuntr, ousmuntR, and the accusative forms asmut, osmunt, osmut, osm=ut. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Osmund, Asmund. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásmundr; FJ pp. 34-35, 342, 350 s.n. Ásmundr, Ás-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Ásmundr, Ás-/Æs-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Ásniútr | For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -niútr see above. Found in the runic nominative form (a)s[nu]tr. | FJ p. 342 s.n. Ás-; CV p. 456 s.v. njóta; NR s.n. Ásniútr, Ás-/Æs-, -niútr |
| Ásólfr, Ásúlfr | Found in Old Danish as Asulf, in Old Swedish as Asulf, Asolf, and in OW.Norse as Ásúlfr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -ólfr see above. There are a few early instances of this name in Iceland and many late ones in Norway. A Danish runic inscription, äslf may represent either Ásulfr or Ásleifr. Runic examples include the nominative forms aosu[l]f(R), osuhlfr, the genitive form osulfs and the accusative forms asulf, oslf, osulb. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Osolf, Osulf, Osulfus. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásólfr; FJ pp. 35, 342, 351 s.n. Ásulfr, Ás-, -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. Ás-/Æs-, -ulfR |
| Ásráðr, Ástráðr | The first element Ást- here is a form of Old Icelandic áss, "god, one of the Æsir". In proper names, the first element becomes Ást- before the liquid r. See also the first element Ás- see above. | FJ pp. 342 s.n. Ás-; CV pp. 46 s.v. áss; NR s.n. Ás-/Æs- |
| Ásríðr, Ásrøðr | Found in Old Danish as Asfrith and in OW.Norse as Ásrøðr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -(f)reðr/(f)røðr see above. Found in the runic nominative forms istryr and o(s)(r)(u)(þ)(r). | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásrøðr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Ás-; NR s.n. Ásrøðr/Æstrøðr, Ás-/Æs-, -(f)reðr/(f)røðr |
| Assar | GB p. 7 s.n. Assar | |
| Ásti | Short form of Ástráðr. Found in Old Danish as Asti, in Old Swedish as Aste or Oste, and in OW.Norse as Ásti. Short form of Ástráðr. Runic examples include the nominative form osti and the accusative form osta. | NR s.n. Ásti |
| Ástráðr | Found in Old Danish as Astrath, Old Swedish Astradh. The derivation of the first element Ást- is under debate, though it may come from OW.Norse ást "love, affection". For the second element -ráðr see above. A short form of Ástráðr is Ásti. Runic examples include the nominative forms osraþr and ostarþr, as well as the accusative form astraþ. | NR s.n. Ástráðr, |
| Ásvaldr, Ásvaldi | For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. Ásvaldr is found in Old Swedish Asvald, Asvalde and in OW.Norse Ásvaldr. Ásvaldi may occur in Old Danish as Aswaldi, and may also be present in Old Swedish as Asvald or Asvalde. Ásvaldr is found in the runic accusative form asualt. Runic examples of Ásvaldi include the nominative forms asualdi and ausualti. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásvaldr; FJ pp. 342, 351 s.nn. Ás-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. Ásvaldi, Ás-/Æs-, -valdr, -valdi |
| Ásvarðr | Found in OW.Norse as Ásvarðr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -varðr see above. There is very little documentation for this name in Old Norse, aside from an Ásvarðr in Njáls saga and a possible runic accusative form, osua-..... Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Asward, Asuuard, Asewrd. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ásvarðr; FJ pp. 35-36, 342, 351 s.nn. Ásvarðr, Ás-, -varðr; CV p. 722 s.v. vörðr; NR s.n. Ásvarðr, Ás-/Æs-, -varðr |
| Ásviðr | May perhaps occur in Old Danish as Aswith, found in Old Swedish as Asvidh or Æsvidh, and in OW.Norse as Ásviðr. For the first element Ás- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Runic examples include the genitive form osuiþaR and the accusative form osuiþ. | FJ pp. 36, 342, 351 s.nn. Ásviðr, Ás-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.n. Ásviðr, Ás-/Æs-, viðr |
| Atfari | A compound name from the preposition at and -fari. OW.Norse -fari is found in compound names, and is typical of people who traveled or were in the habit of traveling to a specific place as indicated in their name; these names are derived from the OW.Norse verb fara "to go, to travel". Occurs in the runic nominative form afari. | CV pp. 28-29, 141-143, s.v. at, at-för, fara; NR s.n. Atfari, -fari |
| Atli | Found in Old Danish as Atli, in Old Swedish as Atle, and in OW.Norse as Atli. Identical to the Continental Germanic name Attala or Attila, also found as a diminuitive form from Gothic atta "father", adopted early into Scandinavia from Völsungasaga. In the West Norse area the name may represent a weak form of the OW.Norse adjective atall "wicked, evil, harmful". Runic examples include the nominative form atli and the accusative forms atla, [atln]. | GB p. 7 s.n. Atli; NR s.n. Atli |
| Atsurr, Özurr, Azurr | Originally a by-name for *AntswaruR, "he who answers," which may have the sense of "answering an insult, avenger". The name is common in Norway in the form Özurr and two of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn carried the name as well. The name has been found in Swedish. Danish runic inscriptions with this name include äsur, asur, atsor, atsur, atsir and Latinized forms Acerus, Ascerus, Ascer. Norman forms include Aszor, Adsor, Azor. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Azor, Azer, Ascer, Aschéri, Asceri, Aschur. | GB pp. 8, 17 s.n. Azurr, Özurr; FJ pp. 36-37 s.n. Atsurr |
| Atti | Found in Old Danish as Atti, in Old Swedish as Atte, and in OW.Norse Atti is the name of a fictional character. Atti is a short form of Indo-European-derived names such as Azurr (see also Andsvarr). It has also been suggested that this name may derive from Gothic atta "father". Runic examples include the nominative forms ati. | NR s.n. Atti |
| Aubi | A short form of Auðbjörn. A hypothetical Anglo-Scandinavian short form of Auðbjörn, derived from the Anglo-Scandinavian name Aubo or Oube. See Auðbjörn below. | FJ pp. 37 s.n. *Aubi |
| Auðbjörn | Found in Old Danish as Øthbiorn, in Old Swedish as Ødhbiorn, and as OW.Norse Auðbjörn. The first element Auð- is occasionally written Od- and is identical to OW.Norse auðr " wealth, riches, abundance; happiness, luck". For the second element -björn see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms aubiarn, auþbiarn, auþbiorn, [a]uþbi[u]rn, ouþbern, ouþbian, uþbirn, the genitive forms aubiarnaR and auþbiarnar, and the accusative forms auþbiarn and ooþbiarn. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -björn is Bjarni. | GB p. 7 s.n. Auðbjörn; FJ pp. 37, 38, 39, 342, 348 s.n. Auði, Auðbjörn, Auð-, -björn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Auðbiörn, Auð-, -biörn, Auði, Biarni |
| Auðfinnr | For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -finnr see above. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | GB p. 7 s.n. Auðfinnr; FJ pp. 39, 342, 348 s.n. Auði, Auð-, -finnr |
| Auðgeirr | Found in Old Danish as Øthger, in Old Swedish as Ødhger, and in OW.Norse as Auðgeirr. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -geirr see above. Found in Norway after 1322 as Odgeir. Runic examples include the nominative forms [auþker] and auþkiR, as well as the accusative forms auþkair and auþkiR. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 38, 39, 342, 349 s.n. Auðgeirr, Auð-, -geirr, Auði; CV p. 196 s.v. geirr; NR s.n. AuðgæiRR, Auð-, -gæiRR, Auði |
| Auðgísl | Found in Old Swedish as Ødhgisl and in OW.Norse as Auðgísl. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -gísl or -gils see above. Found in a runic incription for which the case is uncertain as ...uþils. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . Short forms of names in Gís(l)-, -gísl or -gils include Gísi, Gísl or Gísli. | GB p. 7 s.n. Auðgísl; FJ pp. 39, 342, 349 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -gísl; CV p. 196 s.v. geisl, geisla, geisli; NR s.nn. Auð(g)ísl, Auði, Auð-, Gísi, Gísl, Gís(l)-, -gísl/-gils |
| Auðgrímr | Found in Old Swedish as Ødhgrim and in OW.Norse as Auðgrímr. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -grímr see above. This name is occasionally found in Norway after 1224. The Danish form Øgrim appears in the 1100's but was rare. Found in the runic nominative form uþakrimR. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Outgrim, Ougrim, Augrim. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 38, 39, 342, 349 s.nn. Auðgrímr, Auði, Auð-, -grímr; CV pp. 216 s.v. AuðgrímR, Auð-, gríma; NR s.nn. Auði, -grímR |
| Auðhvatr, Auðvatr | Found in Old Swedish as Odowater in one example from Götland. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -hvatr or its weak side-form -hvati see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [aþuatr] and auþuatr. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 39, 342, 349 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -hvatr; CV pp. 297 s.v. hvatr; NR s.n. Auð(h)vatr, Auð-, Auði |
| Auði | This name is found in Old Danish as Øthi, in Old Swedish as Ødhe, and in OW.Norse as Auði. It is a short form of names beginning in Auð-. For the first element Auð- see above. Found frequently in Norway after 1300. Runic examples include the nominative forms auþi, (a)u(þ)(in) and the accusative forms auþa, auþ(a), uþa. | GB p. 7 s.n. Auði; FJ pp. 39, 342 s.nn. Auði, Auð-; NR s.n. Auði, Auð- |
| Auðin, Auðun | This name is found in Old Danish as Othin or Øthin, in Old Swedish as Ødhin, and in OW.Norse as Auðun. For the first element Auð- see above. The second element is from Germanic *-winiz "friend" (see -vinr above). Runic examples include the nominative forms auþin, a[uþin], [uþun] and the accusative form ...uþin. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 39, 342, 351 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -un(n); NR s.nn. Auðin/Auðun, Auð-, Auði |
| Auðketill | For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -ketill see above. This name is not found in Norway before the 1500's. Found in Old Danish as Øthkil and in OW.Norse as Auðkell. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Okal, Okel, Auðcetel, Audkillo, Antkil. Runic examples include the nominative form auþkil and the accusative forms aukil, eykil, uþkitil. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 39-40, 342, 349 s.nn. Auðketill, Auði, Auð-, -ketill; CV pp. 337-338 s.v. ketill; NR s.n. Auðkæ(ti)ll, Auð-, Auði, -kæ(ti)ll |
| Auðmaðr, Auðmann | Originally a by-name, "wealthy man." For the first element Auð- see above. Auðmaðr is found in Iceland in the 1200's. Auðmann appears in the Anglo-Scandinavian form Othman c. 1140-1156. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 39, 40, 342 s.n. Auðmann, Auð-, Auði; NR s.nn. Auð-, Auði |
| Auðmundr | Found in Old Swedish as Ødhmund and in OW.Norse as Auðmundr. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -mundr or the weak side-form -mundi see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms auþmuntr, oþmontr, [o](þ)munt and the accusative form ouþmunt. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. | FJ pp. 39, 342, 350 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. Auðmundr, Auði, Auð-, -mundr, Mundi |
| Auðólfr, Auðúlfr | Found in Old Danish as Øthulf, in Old Swedish as Ødholf, and in OW.Norse as Auðúlfr. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -ólfr or -ulfr see above. One of the Icelandic Landnámsmenn was Auðólfr á Auðólfsstöðum. The name is common in Norway and is found in Swedish runic inscriptions. There may be a few instances in Danish as well. Runic examples include the nominative forms auþulfr, au(þ)ulfr, uþulfr. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Othol, Authel, Authul, Odulf, Odulfi, Oudulf, Audulf, Hodulfi, Hautolf, Autolf, Audulfus, Oudulfus. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | GB p. 8 s.n. Auðólfr; FJ pp. 39-41, 342, 351 s.nn. Auðulfr, Auði, Auð-, -ulfr; CV pp. 668 s.v. úlfr; NR s.nn. AuðulfR, Auði, Auð-, -ulfR |
| Auðr | See above. | GB p. 8 s.n. Auðr; FJ pp. 342 s.n. Auð-; NR s.n. Auð- |
| AuðríkR, AuríkR | Found in the Latinized Old Swedish forms Øricus, Orikus. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -ríkr see above. Runic examples include the nominative forms [aRrukr], aurik, aurikr, au(r)(in)(k)r, the dative form auriki and the accusative form urik. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 39, 342, 350 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -ríkr; CV p. 499 s.v. ríkr; NR s.nn. AuðríkR, Auði, Auð-, -ríkR |
| Auðsteinn | Found in Old Danish as the Latinized form Odstanus and as Old Swedish Ødhsten. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -steinn see above. Found in the runic nominative form auþsta.... A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 39, 342, 351 s.n. Auði, Auð-, -steinn; CV p. 591 s.v. steinn; NR s.nn. Auðstæinn, Auði, Auð-, -stæinn |
| Auðunn, Auðvini | See above. The second element comes from -vinr. For the second element -vini or -vinr see above. This name is common as a West Scandinavian name from the earliest period onwards, and the short forms Aun and Auni were used. There are a few instances in Danish and Swedish as well, with Danish records showing a short form Øn. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Oun, Oudon, Houden, Oune, Oudhen, Oden, Ouþein, Othen, Ohen, Outhen. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | GB p. 8 s.n. Auðunn; FJ pp. 39, 41-42, 342, 351 s.nn. Auðunn, Auði, Auð-, -un(n); CV pp. 655 s.v. unnr; NR s.nn. Auð-, Auði |
| Auðvaldr | Occurs in Old Swedish as Ødhvald. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. Found in the runic nominative form auþualtr. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 39, 342, 351 s.nn. Auði, Auð-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.nn. Auðvaldr, Auði, Auð-, -valdr |
| Auðviðr | Occurs in Old Swedish as Ødhvidh. For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -viðr see above. Found in the runic nominative form oþuiþr. Found in the Anglo-Scandinavian form Auduid. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 39, 42, 342, 352 s.nn. *Auðviðr, Auði, Auð-, -viðr; CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.nn. Auðviðr, Auði, Auð-, Við-, -viðr |
| Auðvindr | For the first element Auð- see above. For the second element -vindr see above. This form is hypothesized from the Anglo-Scandinavian place-names Auundeleia, Auuindeley, Aghenlay. A short form of names beginning in Auð- is . | FJ pp. 39, 42, 342, 352 s.n. *Auðvindr, Auði, Auð-, -vindr |
| Augnarr | Of uncertain etymology. Found in the runic nominative form aunhar|. | NR s.n. Augnarr |
| Auki | A short form of Auðketill. The Old Norse form here is hypothesized from the Anglo-Scandinavian forms which include Auca, Ouchi, Auch, Houc, Oucke, Ouke, Houk, Ouk, Hauk, Oukes. The name is thought to represent a solely Anglo-Scandinavian formation. | FJ pp. 42-43 s.n. *Auki |
| Aumundr | For the second element -mundr see above. A short form of names in -mundr is Mundi. | GB p. 8 s.n. Aumundr; FJ pp. 350 s.n. -mundr; CV pp. 437-438 s.v. mundr, -mundr; NR s.nn. -mundr, Mundi |
| Aun, Auni, Øn | Occurs as a Scandinavian name in England, Oune. Of uncertain etymology, perhaps a diminuitive from Aunn or a short form of Auðunn. Occurs in the runic accusative form [auno]. | GB p. 8 s.n. Aun; NR s.n. Auni |
| Aunn | Found in OW.Norse as Aun. Contracted form of Auðin or Auðun (see above). Occurs in the runic genitive form aunar. | NR s.n. Aunn |
| Austbjörn | First element from OW.Norse austr "east" For the second element -björn see above. The runic evidence is uncertain: this name may occur as the accusative form ausburn, or the inscription may actually be the name Ásbjörn. A short form of masculine names in Bjarn- or -björn is Bjarni. | FJ p. 348 s.n. -björn; CV p. 66 s.v. björn; NR s.nn. Austbiörn, Bjarni |
| Austmaðr | Found in Old Danish as Ostman, in Old Swedish as the by-name Østman, and in OW.Norse as the by-name Austmaðr. From OW.Norse austmaðr "a man from the east". Found in the runic nominative form austmoþ[(r)]. | NR s.n. Austmaðr |
| Auti | This is a problematic name hypothesized to be derived from *Aqguti > *Auguti > *Aukti. The name would then be reflected in the Swedish runic inscription akuti and the 15th century Jutlandic name Øyti. Alternatively, this could be a by-name meaning "out in the sty." | FJ pp. 43-44 s.n. Auti |
| AutiR | Of uncertain etymology. Found in the runic nominative form autiR. Compare with Auti. | NR s.n. AutiR |
| Ávaldi, Ávaldr | For the first element Á- see above. For the second element -valdr see above. | GB p. 8 s.nn. Ávaldi, Ávaldr; FJ pp. 342, 351 Á-, -valdr; CV p. 675 s.v. valdi, valdr; NR s.n. -valdr |
| Ávangr | For the first element Á- see above. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ávangr; FJ pp. 342 |
| Ávarr | Found in Old Danish as Awer, in Old Swedish as Aver, and in OW.Norse as Ávarr. Derived from Primitive Scandinavian *Anu-gaiRaR (see Á-, -geir). Runic examples include the nominative forms auer, ouaiR, [ouAiR] and the accusative form [ayi]. | GB p. 8 s.n. Ávarr; FJ pp. 342, 351-352; NR s.nn. ÁvæiRR, Á-, -arr |
| Áviðr | Occurs in Old Swedish as Avidh. The first element is from Germanic *az- (see Á- above.) For the second element -viðr see above. Found in the runic nominative form auiþr. | CV pp. 703-704 s.v. viðr; NR s.n. Áviðr |
| Ævarr | GB p. 17 s.n. Ævarr |
|
B |
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Þ |
| Name | Notes | Source |
|---|---|---|
| BægliR | Perhaps a formation from a verb corresponding to Nynorsk begla "to hinder". Compare with the OW.Norse man's by-name Begla, interpreted as equivalent to the Nynorsk noun begla "perverse and quarrelsome person." Compare with the Old Danish by-name Beghel. Found in the runic accusative form begli. | NR s.n. BægliR |
| BæiliR | Identical to BægliR? Found in the runic nominative form beiliR. | NR s.n. BæiliR |
| Baggi | Originally a by-name from OW.Norse baggi "bag, pack, bundle" or may also be "beggar, vagrant". Found in Old Danish as Baggi, in Old Swedish as Bagge, and in OW.Norse as Baggi. Found as both a personal name and a by-name in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Runic examples include the nominative form baki, the genitive form baka and the accusative form baka, although these may instead represent the name Banki. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bagge, Baghe. | FJ p. 45 s.n. Baggi; NR s.n. Baggi |
| Bak | Originally a by-name, "back." Found in a few Norwegian examples. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Basche. | FJ p. 45 s.n. Bak |
| Baldi | Short form of some name in Bald-. Appears in Sweden as a by-name, where it is assumed to be a loan from Germany. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Balde. | FJ pp. 45-46 s.n. Baldi |
| Balkr, Balki, Bálki | Originally a by-name related to Modern Norwegian balk, "confusion," or else from the Old English noun balca, "balk." Balki and Bálki are weak side-forms. Bálki appears once in West Scandinavian, as a personal name among the Landnámsmenn of Iceland, and appears as a place-name element in both Iceland and Norway. Not recorded in East Scandinavia. | GB p. 8 s.n. Bálki; FJ pp. 46 s.n. Balki |
| Balli | Found as both personal names and by-names in in Old Danish as Balli and in Old Swedish as Balle. Occurs in OW.Norse as the by-name Balli. From the OW.Norse adjective ballr "dangerous, hazardous, risky, terrible, bold, brave, daring" or from OW.Norse böllr "ball". Runic examples include the nominative forms bali and balin. | FJ p. 46 s.n. Balli; NR s.n. Balli |
| BallungR | Derived from the OW.Norse adjective ballr "dangerous, hazardous, risky, terrible, bold, brave, daring". Found in the runic genitive form baluks. | NR s.n. BallungR |
| Balsi, Ballsi | A formation from the second element -si added to Balli. Found in the runic nominative form balsi. | NR s.n. Bal(l)si |
| Banki | Found in Old Swedish as the by-name Banke. Related to the Old Swedish verb banka "knock, pound, beat" or a name corresponding to the Swedish dialect word banke "crossbar". Runic examples include the nominative form baki, the genitive form baka and the accusative form baka. | NR s.n. Banki |
| Barði | Originally a nickname meaning a specific type of ship. Found in Iceland and Norway, with a few instances found in Denmark, for instance the Latin form Bartho. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Bardi, also appears in the place-names Barthwait and Barthtwayt. | GB p. 8 s.n. Barði; FJ pp. 47-48 s.n. Barði |
| Bárðr | Derived from Primitive Scandinavian *Baðu-friðuR. The first element *Baðu- also gives rise to the name element Böð-, which is identical to Old Icelandic böð (genitive form böðvar, "battle"). The second element *-friðuR is also represented in the second element -frøðr, see above. Found in Old Danish as Barth, in Old Swedish as Bardh, and in OW.Norse as Bárðr. Found in the runic nominative form barþr. | GB p. 8 s.n. Bárðr; FJ pp. 46-47, 343, 348 |